Pingjiangbo has no intention of building Kangshan.
History books about Yangzhou, such as The Picture of Yangzhou, Wang's A Tour of Yangzhou and Xu's A Brief History of Yangzhou, mostly contain records about Kang Shan. There was also a picture of Kangshan Caotang in the archives of the Qing Dynasty the year before last, which was copied back from the Central First History Museum by the Municipal Archives (see the title picture). According to these historical records, Yangzhou has the saying that "three mountains don't stand". The so-called three mountains refer to the five mountains in Wang Yu Temple, one mountain in Jiangjiaqiao and Kangshan in Kangshan area. Whether there are mountains underground in these places needs geologists' research. But there have been mountains in the history of Kangshan area, which is just a small mound. It was formed in the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty (1403- 1424). Chen Xuan (1365— 1433), then the prime minister of Huai 'an, was born in Hefei (now Hefei, Anhui), the capital of Luzhou in the Ming Dynasty, and was an accomplished water conservancy expert. Due to the need of grain transportation, he built many water conservancy projects in Shanghai, Jiangsu, Shandong and other places, benefiting one side and winning the praise of future generations. Chen Xuan once led the soldiers and civilians in Yangzhou to dredge the Yangzhou River, and placed the excavated earthwork in the southeast corner outside Yangzhou City, forming an unknown mound, which was later Kangshan. At that time, Yangzhou City was rebuilt on the basis of Song Dacheng in Yuan Dynasty. Only later, the "old city" lost its "new city". Dadongmen and Xiaodongmen to the east of the Great Wall are suburbs. So Kangshan is really outside the city. In the thirty-fifth year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1556), in order to resist the Japanese pirates, Wu Guifang and Shi, two governors of Yangzhou, expanded the new town in the southeast of Yangzhou City, and the name of Kangshan Mountain began to appear. The exact age of the formation of Kangshan remains to be verified, but Chen Xuan was Cao Wu, the prime minister in 14 15, and died in Huai 'an House in 1433, so the formation time of Kangshan should be between 14 15- 1433. At that time, Chen Xuanben had no intention of building Kangshan Mountain in Yangzhou, but it was a by-product of water conservancy projects, which can be described as "inadvertently inserting willows into the shade".
The royal court lived in seclusion and built a thatched cottage.
In the 15th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (1502), Kang Hai, a martial artist in Shaanxi Province, was the top scholar and younger brother. Kang Hai word Hande, alias Dunshan, was edited by the Hanlin Academy. In literature, Kang Hai, Li Mengyang and He Jingming belong to the category of "the first seven scholars", arguing that "literature must be in Qin and Han Dynasties and poetry must be in the prosperous Tang Dynasty"; Politically, he opposed eunuchs taking power. During the Zheng De period (1506- 152 1), Liu Jin, the eunuch leader, came to power and was a fellow countryman with Kang Hai. In order to decorate the facade, Liu tried every means to invite the champion Kang to the door. The champion was unmoved. Later, Li Mengyang was jailed for offending Liu Jin. He wrote a note with the words "Help me out of the mountain" and entrusted it to Kang Hai. Out of public friendship and personal relationship, Kang Hai ran to Liu Jin's door and rescued Li Mengyang from prison. After Li was released from prison, Kang Hai was listed as a "eunuch". Shortly after the fall of Liu Jin, Kang Hai was also dismissed by collective punishment. From then on, he lived in Yangzhou, built a thatched cottage on the mountain above, played the pipa, entertained guests, and made a drama "Zhongshan Wolf" to satirize Li Mengyang's ingratitude. From then on, this unknown mound was named "Kangshan" and the thatched cottage was called "Kangshan Caotang". Later, Dong Qichang, a painter and calligrapher who used to be the minister of rites, wrote a stone carving as a souvenir. Before and after liberation, this stone carving was still at the foot of Kangshan Mountain. 1954, Yangzhou was flooded, and Kangshan was razed for taking a civil engineering factory. The stone carvings of "Kangshan Caotang" are also unknown.
The Qing dynasty ushered in the holy driving twice in the prosperous times.
Time flies and the years change. With the change of political power, Kangshan Caotang has a new owner. During the Qianlong and Jiaqing periods of the Qing Dynasty, Yangzhou flourished and Kangshan flourished. At this time, the owner of Kangshan Caotang is Jiang Chun (1720— 1789). He is very clever. His name is Ting He, and he is from Jiangcun, Shexian County, Anhui Province. He is both an official and a businessman. He is an official and a political envoy, wearing a hat and enjoying peacock feathers. Although it is a virtual title, it is also a "red-topped businessman", one hundred years earlier than Hu Xueyan. The main activity of his life is doing business. He began to do business at the age of 22, engaged in salt affairs in Huaibei, and served as the general manager of Huaibei merchants for more than 40 years. At the same time, Li Hong (Qianlong) visited Jiangnan, Yangzhou and Jiang Chun in the Qing Dynasty, all of which participated in the activities of receiving holy scriptures. In the 16th year of Qianlong reign (175 1), the emperor was "lucky" to be in Yangzhou for the first time, "to set up articles of association, prepare articles and offer essence". The last two expeditions of Emperor Gaozong to the south, the fifth in forty-five years of Qianlong (1780) and the sixth in forty-nine years of Qianlong (1784), have all been to Kangshan Caotang. Gan Long was very satisfied with Kangshan Cottage, saying, "You have to have a rest outside Xiping Mountain" and wrote a poem. Visible, Jiang Chun's meritorious service won the appreciation of the emperor.
Jiang Chun is a good man, good at poetry and writing, a Confucian businessman, and likes to make friends with scholars at home and abroad. At that time, there were many celebrities living in Kangshan Caotang, among which Jiang Shiquan was the most famous. Jiang Shiquan, a native of Yanshan, Jiangxi Province, was a scholar in the 22nd year of Qianlong (1758). He is a poet and playwright, and once served as the editor of Jishi Shu and Imperial College. According to legend, the four strings of autumn and the voice of the empty valley in his masterpiece "Nine Songs of the Red Chamber" were completed in the autumn sound hall of Kangshan Caotang. In particular, Four-stringed Autumn, also known as Shirt Tears, tells the story of Bai Juyi being demoted to Jiangzhou Sima, which is highly praised by scholars at all times.
Ruan Taifu's Former Residence of Kangshan
Although Jiang Chun is famous, there is a depression behind him. After his death, he owed public funds and lost his property. Kangshan Caotang was also confiscated. Since then, the famous garden has been deserted and it is rare to visit it. In the 23rd year of Daoguang (1843), there lived another great man in Kangshan Caotang, and he was Ruan Yuan.
In the eighteenth year of Daoguang (1838), Ruan Yuan was 75 years old, his legs and feet were on fire, and finally he got his wish, left the imperial court and returned to his hometown of Yangzhou. Ruangong's old house in Yangzhou City is located in Gongdao Lane (now south of Dadongmen Bridge) in the old city. There is a stone building at the entrance of the alley, which reads the words "Fushou Pavilion" (so it is called Fushou Pavilion or Ruan Jiayuan so far). On both sides of Shipai Building, there are couplets of "Three Dynasties elders, a generation of great men". However, the old man has been in officialdom for a long time, afraid of being criticized, and may also have the idea of moving.
In the 23rd year of Daoguang (1843), the 20th day of the first month was Ruan Gong's eightieth birthday, and the court was very courteous. Three days before Tomb-Sweeping Day this year, Ruan Yuan went back to Gongdao Bridge to visit the grave and spent the night in the love grass hut he built on Gongdao Bridge. On this day, the old house of Ruan family in Yangzhou suffered a fire, and all the cultural relics were burned. Ruan Yuan survived because he was not in the house. Since then, Ruan Gong has no fixed place in Yangzhou and is bound to move to a new house.
Ruan Yuan is a relative of Jiang Chunwan. It is said that his ancestors got help from Jiang. Ruan Yuan once wrote a biography for Jiang Chun, which may be related to the above reasons. Ruan Yuan bought the official Kangshan Caotang, built it slightly, and changed it into the main residence of Kangshan, with a garden beside it. He changed the couplet on the main gate to "an old minister in three dynasties and a minister in nine provinces", which can be described as well-intentioned. Ruan Yuan officially moved into Kangshan Zhengzhai in August this year. Ruan Gongan lived in Kangshan from then on until his death on October 13th in the 29th year of Daoguang (1849).
Celebrities gather in the land of feng shui.
After the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom War, a number of new salt merchants appeared in Yangzhou, most of whom were the children of the warlords of Hunan and Huai. They are privileged, have salt tickets and have huge sums of money. Therefore, after they run the salt industry in Yangzhou and make huge profits, they still need to build houses and gardens for pleasure. However, Dongguan Street, Donghuanmen and Diguandi, where salt merchants used to live, have no place to live. In addition, Yangzhou City moved southward, and a number of new houses, houses, gardens and villas appeared in areas such as Nanhexia, Huayuan Lane, Jushi Lane and Xincheng Cangxiang. Kangshan is connected with the South River, so it is prosperous.
In the 12th year of Tongzhi (1873), salt merchants built the Zenggong Temple at No.20 Kangshan Street to commemorate Zeng Guofan, the governor of the two rivers who was also in charge of salt administration. Zeng Guofan was not only an important official in the imperial court, but also a patron of salt merchants. Zenggong Temple was approved by the imperial court and invested by salt merchants. Now an alley formed at No.20 Kangshan Street is called Zenggongmiao Lane. Today, Zenggong Temple still preserves the gatehouse, main hall and photo studio. 1962 Yangzhou municipal government listed it as a cultural relic protection unit. Next door to Zenggongmiao Lane, No.22 Kangshan Street, is the former site of Kangshan Caotang. In the twentieth and twenty-third years of Guangxu (1894- 1897), Jiangxi Yanshanglu built a large-scale residence "Qingyun Hall" here, which cost 72,000 yuan. There are seven entrances before and after Qingyun Hall, which is the largest salt merchant residence in Yangzhou. After liberation, Wuyi Food Factory lived here. 198 1 year, a fire broke out in Qingyun hall, and the second, third, fourth and fifth halls were burned down. The existing Shuimo brick carving gatehouse, two entrance buildings and some buildings.
In War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's childhood, one day I went to the junction of Kangshan Street and Beihexia with my ancestors and found a mansion-style building with the words "Huainan Luji" written on the door. My ancestors said to me, "This is the residence of Wei, a salt merchant, and Wu, director of Huainan Salt Administration Bureau, lives here." . The two owners of this building, Wei and Wu, are both famous people in Yangzhou. Wei, a native of Hengyang, Hunan Province, is a descendant of General Xiang, a famous salt merchant in Yangzhou, and is good at poetry, Kunqu Opera and Peking Opera. Wu is a famous literati, poet and calligrapher in Yangzhou. He is good at small letters and has the reputation of "silver hook and iron pen". In recent years, the author has visited Kangshan several times, but the site of "Huainan Luji" has been hard to find.
About 196 1 years ago, Professor Chen Congzhou from the Department of Architecture of Tongji University led a delegation to inspect Yangzhou gardens. They have been to Kangshan block, visited the land house and photographed the rockery of Kangshan, and received Professor Chen's monograph Yangzhou Garden (98 pages). This is enough to prove that Wei Mansion did exist in the history of Kangshan block in Yangzhou.
"The mountain is not high, and there is a fairy that is spiritual." At that time, Kangshan was just a small mound. However, in the history of more than 600 years, it has gathered many celebrities and accumulated profound historical and cultural heritage, becoming a treasure trove of geomantic omen in Yangzhou. In addition, Kangshan has its unique geographical location. Near the source of Kangshan River, it is connected with the residential group of salt merchants under Nanhe River. East of the beautiful canal scenery belt; South to Xuningmen Bridge, convenient transportation; To the north, it is connected with the Catholic Church and Wudaotai Dihai under the North River. It is worth mentioning that on the occasion of this year's "Fireworks March" International Economic and Trade Tourism Festival, the Kangshan Mountain near the ancient canal has been repaired, which has become another example to explain the organic combination of Yangzhou's ancient culture and modern civilization.