Jiao Shan is located in the Yangtze River in the northeast of Zhenjiang City, with an altitude of 7 1 m and a circumference of about 2,000m. It was called "Floating Jade Mountain" in ancient times, and it was named after it was covered with pine and bamboo, which looked like jasper floating on the river. Also known as "Qiaoshan Mountain" (or "Qiaoshan Mountain"), because the mountain is covered with bamboo, wood and thatch, occasionally some fishermen will cut some firewood to cook when parking for shelter. According to legend, Chu Shi Jiao Guang lived here in seclusion in the Eastern Han Dynasty, hence the name "Jiao Shan". There are steep cliffs and lush trees on the mountain. It is famous for its ancient temples and stone tablets. Dinghui Temple is the largest temple in the mountain.
The fisherman is the wife of lotus leaf, and tears become mountains.
According to folklore, Jiaoshan, formerly known as Lotus Hill, floats on the river like a lotus leaf. Fishermen on the river come and go, and they very much hope that Lianhua Mountain can be settled and have a shelter from the wind. One day, when the weather was sultry, a fisherman was swimming underwater and suddenly met two thick stems. The lower stalk is born in the mud, and the upper stalk is covered. Curious at the moment, he put two stalks together, untied the belt around his waist and tied them together. Who knows this, Lotus Hill suddenly stabilized. The fisherman realized that the stem of lotus leaf was the lower half of Lianhua Mountain. But in late autumn, Lotus Hill wobbled again. The fisherman said to his wife, "I'm afraid my strap is short and I haven't tied the stem of the lotus leaf firmly." I brought a long and strong ribbon and went into the water again. Who knows that suddenly the north wind roared, the cold hit people, and the Yangtze River was frozen. My husband knows nothing about underwater. He fastened his belt and tried to shake it. The handle of the lotus leaf was firmly fastened before it floated to the river, but the river was covered like a lid and could not be drilled out. It was a long time before the Yangtze River began to freeze. He soon drifted to the river, and when he saw it, his wife was waiting for him on the shore, frozen into an iceman. He wailed bitterly, then got into the river and held on to the stem of the lotus leaf, and the lotus leaf mountain would never move again. Today, there are two hills in the north of Jiao Shan. The tall one is called Laopo Mountain, and the short one is called Tears Mountain.
Jiao Guang refused to pay Lu Youzhi three letters.
On the Jiao Shan, there are three royal caves built by Song Zhenzong. The story of Jiao Guang's seclusion in this mountain is widely circulated among the people.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the world was in chaos, and the court recruited hermits from all over the country to enter the DPRK. He lived in seclusion in Jiaoguang, Hedong, Qiao Shan, Zhenjiang. He was noble and unwilling to enter the DPRK. The fisherman and boatman gave him an axe, and he cut wood here for a living. An imperial envoy went to Qiao Shan to look for a burning lamp. Unexpectedly, a few ragged people were chopping wood in the forest. When he returned to Beijing, he reported that he could not find it. The emperor was not happy, so he asked an imperial envoy to look for him again. An imperial envoy saw an old man sitting on a stone bed reading in a cave halfway up the mountain in Qiao Shan. He asked loudly, "Are you Jiao Guang?" The old man was stupid, pointing to his ear first and then to his mouth to show that he was deaf and dumb. An imperial envoy had to show him the imperial edict. After reading it, he wrote on the ground with a thin wooden stick: "I am not anxious, but I am anxious to visit other places;" I am not a hermit, I am a coolie, and I will not be an official. " At first, an imperial envoy didn't look like a human being, so he returned to Beijing to reply. Hearing this, the emperor said, "This man must have burned out, pretending to be deaf and dumb, and changed his name without changing his surname. Whether he is burnt or burnt, arrest him! " An imperial envoy came to Qiao Shan for the third time with a group of soldiers. At this time, Jiao Guang had left the original cave and built a short and small thatched shed with bamboo beside the river beach, painted with mud outside, like a snail's shell. Jiao Guang simply called it "humble abode". After the officers and men went up the mountain, they couldn't find the burnt lamp in the cave, but they saw a humble abode, just a pile of mud. When they returned to Beijing, they reported, "The hermit Jiao Guang is no longer in Qiao Shan." The emperor had to give up.
In the severe winter, the humble abode was covered with snow, and Jiao Guang found another place to take shelter from the wind. Later, winter bamboo shoots appeared at home and young bamboos grew. People have told each other: "bamboo is a dragon, and it will never die." In Song Dynasty, an old man claimed to be burned in Song Zhenzong's night dream and presented some dragon and tiger pills. When Song Zhenzong woke up, he ordered Jiao Guang to be named "Ling Ying Real Person". The cave where he lived was engraved with a plaque of "Sanzhao Cave", and the top of the mountain he climbed was named "Jiao Xianling".
There is a cliff stone carving at the foot of Jiao Shan, which is Lu You's Inscription on Jiao Shan: "Lu Wuguan, He Deqi, Zhang Yuzhong, Hanwu Qilongxing Shen Jia's view of" harmony and brightness "in the snow on the 29th of the leap month, and put it on top of wine. The bonfire didn't stop, and the warship watching the wind was intoxicated in the haze. Go boating at night and come back from Kanluoji. On the afternoon of February the following year, the stone carved by Zen master. Wu laughed
Lu You (1125—1210) was born in Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). He made three missions to Zhenjiang, and this inscription was engraved when he came to Zhenjiang in the second year of Longxing (1 164). This man was once transferred to Zhenjiang to be a general because he participated in the activities of the hawk faction. Although he suffered a blow, he realized that Zhenjiang was facing the front line of resisting gold and was a promising place with unfinished political ambitions. At this time, Zhang Jun, the hawkish minister who had just resumed the functions of commander-in-chief of the East-West Road in Jianghuai, was ordered to inspect Jianghuai. After Zhenjiang, Lu You "accompanied every day" and often negotiated with Zhang Jun to resist gold. But soon Zhang Jun was dismissed and died on his way home. Lu You felt extremely sad and lonely. Fortunately, this year 1 1 month, Lu You's confidant Han Yuanji (blameless) came to Zhenjiang to visit relatives because he was transferred to Jiangxi. Lu You was ecstatic. On a snowy day in Chu Qing, he invited poets He Deqi and Zhang Yuzhong to accompany Han Yuanji to visit Jiao Shan. Lu You wrote an inscription for this tour, which was carved on the stone wall by Master Huan and has been preserved to this day.
Lu You came to Zhenjiang for the second time in June of the sixth year of Dadao (1 170) and went to Kuizhou as a judge. Lu You was depressed because of his position in the rear. After Zhenjiang, I stopped at the berth for a short time. Yin Bao, the elder of Jinshan Temple, took him to Jinshan Temple to stay.
Lu You came to Zhenjiang for the third time and returned from East Sichuan in the fifth year of Xichun (1 178). The country is still the same, the ambition is not paid, and Lu You is very disappointed. He wrote a poem "A Farewell to the Floating Jade Pavilion in Langtaosha, Danyang":
The origin of the ancient poem "Jade Floating on the River": the trees are hidden, a few bottles away. Yang Guan often hates his guts. Besides, in this autumn, you are a pedestrian! Clean your tears and towels, and each one will disappear. A Li Jiang hate just split. Andrew Chihiro's iron lock? Cut off the smoke.
Book sage, book crane, inscription, strange painting, bamboo repair
To the east of Dinghui Temple, there is Baomoxuan. From the Southern Dynasties to the Qing Dynasty, there were more than 260 ancient monuments embedded in the walls of the Xuan, the most famous of which was Yi He Ming, known as the "ancestor of Chinese characters". This is an essay mourning the crane. It was originally carved on the rock in the west, because the rock collapsed and fell into the river. Zhang Jian found one stone in the Northern Song Dynasty, and Ma visited four stones in the Southern Song Dynasty, all of which drowned in the water. In the fifty-second year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (17 13), Chen Pengnian, the magistrate of Zhenjiang, organized manpower to remove five stone heads from the water, then put them in the wall and built a pavilion to protect them. Now there are 89 words and several fragments. The brushwork is chic and the strokes are flying, which is the masterpiece of the transformation from official script to regular script. There are different opinions about the real name of the tablet, which is signed by Yang Huachuan and Huang Shangshu. Textual research by Huang Rui, a scholar in the Song Dynasty, shows that this inscription was written by Tao Hongjing, a native of Qi and Liang Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties, or by Gu Kuang in the Tang Dynasty, but there is a biased view that it was written by Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Legend has it that one spring, Wang Xizhi passed by Jiao Shan and saw a pair of cranes in a small buddhist nun. I saw a crane suddenly spread its wings and flew into the air, and the other one soared into the sky. As soon as the two cranes get on, they dance in circles. Wang Xizhi was shocked, his fingers kept paddling with the crane's dance, and he said, "If only writing were so flexible." Seeing that Wang Xizhi liked cranes so much, the monk in charge agreed to sell them to him. The two sides agreed to take Wang Xizhi away when he finished his work. Who knows that when Wang Xizhi came again, the male crane died of illness and the female crane died of double suicide. Wang Xizhi is very sad. When he came back, he wrote heming. The inscription * * * 100 words expresses Wang Xizhi's yearning for the crane. Calligraphy is a stroke of genius. Looking at the beginning of each word from a close distance, it seems that more than a hundred cranes are flying in the distance. After Wang Xizhi finished writing, the stone was strangled on the cliff, and the stone tablet behind it was struck by lightning and fell into the river. Many years later, one winter, the water fell, and this monument was exposed, but the handwriting on it was blurred; It's illegible. People who look at the tablet sigh and call it a "tablet without words". Who knows, a miracle happened on a thunderstorm night. A group of cranes flew in the distance, stopped on the wordless tablet and gradually disappeared. The next day, the tablet not only has words but also shines clearly. Legend has it that this group of cranes fly to the tablet every day when the sun rises and become characters, and then fly away when the sun goes down.
The tablet of Yihe Ming is indeed a treasure of calligraphy art, which has been highly praised by all dynasties. Ouyang Xiu, a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, praised it as "rare and unusual in the world". At that time, Huang Tingjian, one of the four great calligraphers, praised "What is the ancestor of Chinese characters". Weng Fanggang, a calligrapher in the Qing Dynasty, believed that "Qi" would be "based on the spirit of the Six Dynasties, regardless of beige".
Jiao Shan left the calligrapher's handwriting and the painter's footprints. In the bamboo forest to the west of the Yangtze River, there are three small houses, and the door panels are engraved with couplets of "Why the room is elegant and there are not many flowers". This is the reading room of Zheng Banqiao, one of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou" in Qing Dynasty. He studied here for a year and painted many bamboos and orchids. According to legend, in addition to reading, he also visited the river view and the bamboo forests around buddhist nun every day. When he realized this, he spread out rice paper and drew bamboo stones. The ink bamboo he painted is slender and delicate, with dense branches and leaves, and with strange stones, everyone will be amazed. Zheng Banqiao's reputation spread quickly. When some officials and businessmen heard about it, they brought their own Xuan paper to introduce the monks in the small temple and asked Zheng Banqiao to draw bamboo slips with inscriptions. Because a monk introduced him, Zheng Banqiao was embarrassed to refuse, so he drew a few strokes and sent him away. After a long time, the poor monk in Bifeng Temple, where Zheng Banqiao lived, not only didn't get a penny, but also poured tea and water. Zheng Banqiao was too tired to breathe. He posted a big piece of paper on the door and wrote: "You don't just paint bamboo, you don't just buy bamboo. The paper is six feet high and worth three thousand. Let him talk about old feelings, only when the autumn wind passes. " From then on, no money, no painting.
Jiao Shan also has the inscription "Urban Mountain Forest" inscribed by the Northern Song Dynasty painter Mi Fei, and the stone statue of Su Dongpo, all of which are worth seeing.