Changxin Palace Lantern is one of the bronze gilded lanterns in Han Dynasty, which was cast in 172. People's Republic of China (PRC) national first-class cultural relics. Archaeologist Bai Zai 1968 discovered Douwan Tomb (on a cliff about 1.5 km southwest of Mancheng County, Baoding City, Hebei Province). It is now in the exhibition area of "Man Cheng Han Tomb" of Hebei Provincial History Museum in Shijiazhuang, China. Archaeologists identified the inscription "Yangxinjia" on the palace lantern, and some scholars, such as Zhou Changshan, speculated that the palace lantern with a long heart was originally owned by Liu Jie, a Yangxin Houyi in Han Dynasty (before 179). According to historical records, Liu Jie's son Liu Zhongyi was deposed for participating in the "Seven Kingdoms Rebellion", and the state and family property were confiscated as state-owned and Changxin Palace Lantern. Therefore, the inscription "Changxin Palace" was added to show that the palace lanterns changed hands. Dou Wan and Dou Yi are related. It is speculated that the Changxin Palace Lantern was given to Dou Wan by Dou Yi, so Dou Wan was buried in the tomb with her after her death. There is also the word "Long letter is still bathing" on the lamp, so it was named "Long letter palace lantern" after excavation. In addition, Zhao Huacheng and other scholars believe that according to the unearthed records of the "Yangxinjia" bronzes in the Han Dynasty, a large number of "Yangxinjia" bronzes, including Changxin Palace Lantern, belong to Pingyang princess royal, the sister of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, so it is uncertain which royal family Changxin Palace Lantern belongs to at the earliest. Edit the structure of this paragraph. Palace lanterns are in the form of a maid who combs her legs and kneels on the ground, holding a bronze lamp in her hand. The whole palace lantern is 48 cm high and weighs 15.85 kg. It consists of six parts: head, right arm, body, lampshade, lamp plate and lamp holder. The head and right arm can be disassembled and assembled, which is convenient for cleaning lamps. The lamp board of the palace lantern is divided into upper and lower parts, engraved with the words "Yangxinjia", which can rotate to adjust the direction of light. The arc-shaped tile copper plate embedded in the groove of the lamp plate can adjust the size of the light outlet, thus controlling the brightness of light. Right hand hanging sleeve cover copper lamp top. The bronze statue of the maid-in-waiting is hollow, in which the hollow right arm and sleeve form a bronze lampshade, which can be opened and closed freely. The burning gas dust can be deposited in the maid-in-waiting through her right arm, and will not be dissipated to the surrounding environment in large quantities. There is a small amount of wax residue on the top of the lampshade, so it is speculated that the burning substance in the palace lantern is animal fat or candles. There are not many decorations and complicated patterns on the surface of palace lanterns, which are relatively simple in contemporary palace utensils. There are nine inscriptions and 65 words on the lamp, including its weight, capacity, casting time and owner. Such as: "Long letter is still bathing, one liter is less than half a liter, weighing six pounds, 189" (located at the bottom of the lamp holder). Edit the appearance of this paragraph. The maid-in-waiting stumbled in a bun and a thick coat. It consists of a head, a body, a right arm, a lamp holder, a lamp board, a lampshade and other parts. Each part can be disassembled, the lamp board can be rotated and the lampshade can be opened and closed. The arm of the maid-in-waiting is hollow, and the right arm is a flue. Lamp smoke can be introduced into the equipment to keep the room clean. There are nine inscriptions on the lamp, including its weight, capacity, casting time and owner. Because it is engraved with the words "Chang Xin Shang Yu", it is named Chang Xin Deng Gong. Changxin Palace Lantern was unearthed in the tomb of Dou Wan, the wife of Liu Sheng, Zhongshan King in the Western Han Dynasty in Mancheng, with a height of 48 cm. The image of the lamp is a young maid-in-waiting kneeling with a lamp, covered in gold. The maid-in-waiting wears a bun on her head, a headscarf, a long skirt and wide sleeves. Her face is dignified and delicate, her eyes are very focused, her head leans forward slightly, and her expression is respectful and cautious, showing the unique expression of young ladies in the lower class. The maid-in-waiting holds the lamp tray in her left hand, her right arm is raised, and her cuffs droop into a lampshade. The lamp board can rotate to push the two arc screens on the lamp board to open and close, so as to adjust the brightness and irradiation direction of light. The maid-in-waiting is hollow, and the oil fume enters the body through her right arm to keep the room clean. All parts of the lamp can also be disassembled, which is beneficial to cleaning. This lamp is engraved with the inscription ***65 words, such as "Changxin is still bathing", hence the name "Changxin Palace Lamp". Changxin official lamp organically combines the practical function of the lamp, the scientific principle of air purification and the beautiful shape. The overall shape is natural and beautiful, elastic, light and gorgeous, and it is a practical and beautiful lamp treasure. According to textual research of inscriptions, this lamp was cast in BC 172 (Wendi era). The original owner of the lamp is Yang Jie. Later, Liu Jie's son means "the country is guilty", and the lamp was charged into the "wife" (official name) of Shaofu, which belongs to Changxin Palace. Changxin Palace is the palace where Empress Dowager Cixi lives in the letter. Dou Taihou of Wendi is her grandmother, and Jingdi is the empress dowager, with great power. Later, Dou Taihou gave the lamp to a woman named Dou Wan, who was a member of her family. Dou Wan regarded the bronze lamp as a treasure and was buried with her after her death. Editor's Note: Changxin Palace Lantern, together with gold thread and jade clothes, was unearthed in the tomb of Liu Sheng, the king of Zhongshan in Han Dynasty. According to textual research, Changxin Palace is the palace where the Empress Dowager Dou Shi (Jing Di's mother and Liu Sheng's grandmother) lived. This lantern originally belonged to the palace and was given to her beloved grandson by Dou Shi. 1973 The Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications of the People's Republic of China issued the stamp "Changxin Palace Lantern" (series 73, denomination 8:1973:1.20). In June of 5438+October of 2000/kloc-0, the State General Post Bureau issued a set of four unearthed cultural relics stamps (February of 20001,with a face value of 80 cents, and the issuing date was June of 5438+October 20th of 2000/kloc-0). Pictures and introductions of "Jin Si Yu Yi" and "Chang Xin Gong Deng" unearthed from Han Tombs in Mancheng are included in the ancient history part of junior middle school history textbooks. Changxin Palace Lantern is now in the Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics. Palace lantern is a unique handicraft in China, which is famous for its complex technology, excellent workmanship and elegant shape. According to legend, during the Southern Dynasties in Liang Wudi, China had the custom of hanging lanterns on the fifteenth day of the first month, which gradually spread from the folk to the court. In the Tang dynasty, palace lanterns gradually formed, and in the Ming and Qing dynasties, they developed to the extreme and became special products for the royal family.
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