"Work" has the following meanings. One is "good at", which means the same as kindness and ability. For example, Wei Heng's Four-body Book Interpretation, the name of Li Si in Qin Dynasty is the seal of the work, and Zhang Huaiguan's Calligraphy Review Medicine Stone points out that "I am not engaged in writing".
The second is "exquisiteness" and "exquisiteness". In "Four Styles of Books", "Cui Yuan and Cui Ai, later called Gong ... Hong He made friends, so they became good friends. "Gong" and "Jing" are intertextual and have the same meaning. Cai's "Book of Dharma" said: "It is partial, so it cannot be surpassed. Every time you write a book with someone, you must start with a letter, and the cloud is "sloppy." Cai commented on Zhang Zhishu with the word "Gong" and echoed it with the word "Fan Zhi", proving that "Gong" is no different from "Jing" and "Zhi" is similar to "Shu Fu"? Words and examples have the same meaning as "achieving excellence".
In ancient book theory, "clumsy" is often compared at the same time, which becomes a meaningful harmonious aesthetic model. For example, Zhang Huaiguan's Book End commented that "Cheng Chuang's pursuit of Dharma is clumsy at work, but he didn't know it", and "Six-style Book Theory" said that "all merchants are clumsy at work when historical records are fully exhibited", Ouyang Xiu's Trial Pen claimed that "it is more clumsy than work when you first want to destroy the sun", and Su Dongpo's On Books said that "there are books".
The word "work" contains the meaning of "cleverness", and "cleverness" and "clumsiness" are also two categories of beauty that are often combined in the theory of ancient books. For example, Dong Qichang's Essays on Painting Zen Rooms states that ancient books "must have trade-offs, and cannot be clumsy and invalid", and Song Cao's Calligraphy Covenant says that "practice is skillful, and it will be more skillful, and then it will be really skillful". According to Yan Zhenqing's "On the Twelve Meanings of Zhang Changshi's Style", "ingenious arrangement" does not include the scope of formal beauty of "tortuous arrangement, making it stable, or unexpected birth, making it different". "Gong" can also include other contents such as "meticulous brushwork", which is much broader than "Qiao" and can also be regarded as the combination of "goodness" and "beauty". That is to say, from the positive attitude of Confucianism and the basic and social nature of calligraphy teaching in primary schools, it is normal for calligraphy to seek "merit". Calligraphy was a special artistic wood integrating politics, life and personal cultivation in ancient times. The pursuit of "works" not only has a new national, historical and cultural foundation, but also reflects the general law of artistic development, and also embodies the dual values of aesthetics and practicality.