When Zhong Shidao entered Luoyang, he heard that the Jin army was approaching the gates of Tokyo, so he used a suspicious strategy and claimed to have a million-strong army. He marched in with flags and drums, and rushed to the south of Bianshui River. The Jin army did not know the reality and moved the stronghold to consolidate itself. When Zhong Shidao arrived in Beijing, the imperial court had negotiated peace with the Jin Dynasty. When the Jin army returned to the army, he suggested taking advantage of its half-crossing to attack it, but Qinzong refused. After the Jin army retreated, he was ordered to be the Xuanfu envoy of Hebei and Hedong and sent to Tun Huazhou (today's Hua County, Henan). He suggested that the imperial court station troops on the front lines of Cang (now Cangxian, Hebei) and Wei (now Jixian, Henan) to prevent the Jin army from attacking again. The Song Dynasty thought that the Jin army had just retreated and it was not appropriate to waste troops, so it did not adopt it. Soon the Jin army attacked again, and he asked Qinzong to temporarily avoid Chang'an (today's Xi'an). The imperial court thought that Zhongshi was cowardly and summoned him back. He died in October of the same year. (Source:) Famous generals of the Zhong family - Zhong Shi Dao knew that the soldiers had plans but captured the enemy - Zhong Shi Dao, a famous general in the Song Dynasty Zhong Shi Dao ("Zhong" is pronounced ch6ng), named Yi Shu, was from Luoyang. He was born in the third year of Emperor Renzong's reign (1051) and died in the first year of Emperor Qinzong's Jingkang (1126). He was a famous general in the late Northern Song Dynasty. The three generations of the Zhong family were famous generals in the northwest, and his grandfather Zhong Shiheng was the general who guarded Xixia. Zhong Shidao first served as a civil servant, but because of his strategy, he later changed his position to a military position. He made great achievements in resisting the Xixia Dynasty and became a famous general. In the first year of Jingkang, the Jin army went south. He was appointed as the envoy of the capital and Hebei Province. He advocated the resistance against the Jin Dynasty and won the support of the people. They affectionately called him "Old Zhong". The capital was relieved of its military power immediately after the siege was rescued. Then the capital fell, and soon Zhongshidao died of illness. When Zhong Shidao was young, he became a disciple of the thinker and philosopher Zhang Zai. He himself is mainly Confucian and combines Taoism and Dharma. In his official career, he first served as an official in Xizhou (now Didao, Gansu Province), and later became a general magistrate in Yuanzhou (now Guyuan, Ningxia) and a Changping official in Qinfenglu (Shaanxi Road, Jingzhao, Chang'an, Shaanxi Province). Later, he offended the traitorous prime minister Cai Jing and was accused of "slandering the martyrs". He was expelled from the party and was banned for ten years. Later, because Zhong Shidao was a general, he was appointed as the governor of Zhongzhou (now Zhongxian County, Sichuan), the governor of Jingyuan (now Jingyuan, Ningxia), and the commander of Huaide Army, stationed on the border line between the Northern Song Dynasty and Western Xia. From then on, the divisional system was changed from the local chief executive to the general who led the troops. Xixia raised troops and set its sights on the Central Plains. Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty ordered Taishi Tong Guan to lead an army to conquer. Tong Guan looks majestic, but is actually bluffing. Huizong was worried and summoned Zhong Shidao to ask about his strategy. Zhong Shidao replied: "We can fight back when Xixia invades the Central Plains; but it is really difficult for us to win against Xixia. It is not the best policy to act rashly and cause trouble." Huizong of the Song Dynasty sent Zhongshi to Tao's advice was conveyed to Tong Guan, but Tong Guan was not willing to listen! He also wanted to select archers from the mainland to enrich the new frontier fortress. Song Huizong saw that Tong Guan was indeed causing trouble, so he asked Zhong Shidao again for his opinion. Zhong Shidao said very insightfully: "I am worried that the deployment of troops from the interior has not yet been successful, and worrying things for border defense have already happened." Huizong felt that it was reasonable, so he gave him the golden belt general uniform, praised him and said, "Shi Dao is I personally recommended the generals." Zhongshi Dao was also promoted to the title of Archer of Qinfeng and the official of Shiwulu. Tong Guan was very unhappy when he found out. Zhong Shidao didn't dare to take on this important task after hearing about it. Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty appointed him to be promoted to Chongfu Palace, and then to the magistrate of Xi'an (now Haiyuan, Gansu). After that, Zhong Shidao served as the commander of the capital under Tong Guan (leading the troops and commanding the province when the troops stopped, the Song Dynasty system, sending troops to pay homage to the commander, giving him the commander's seal; when the troops stopped, he took back the commander's seal and revoked the military power), and paid homage to Baojing Army Jiedu Envoy . Tong Guan once again planned to conquer Liao. At that time, the Liao Kingdom was being harassed by the Jurchen tribe, and they were approaching step by step. Zhongshidao dissuaded Tong Guan and said: "For example, there is a group of robbers in our neighbor's house who are robbing property. Instead of helping, we take advantage of others' danger and join the robbers and intervene in the robbery. It is really unjust." Tong Guan disagreed and insisted on conquering Liao. The Liao army was well prepared and came with great noise, overwhelming and unstoppable. Fortunately, Zhongshidao had prepared giant stiles in advance, so a huge defeat was avoided. Soon, the Liao sent envoys to the Song Dynasty to seek peace, and the Japanese jointly dealt with the Jurchens. Zhong Shidao suggested that Tong Guan agree to the Liao envoy's request, but Tong Guan not only refused to listen, but also secretly reported Zhong Shidao to collaborate with the enemy. The treacherous prime minister Wang Fu was furious because he did not distinguish between true and false. He immediately dismissed Zhong Shidao and appointed him as the governor of the three cities of Heyang (Heyang, now Mengzhou, Henan; the three cities: Nancheng, Beicheng and Zhongdancheng). Liu Yanqing was replaced by the envoy.It was not until Liu Yanqing suffered a disastrous defeat that Song Huizong remembered the words of "the generals he personally recommended", so he appointed Zhongshi Dao as the governor of Xianzhou (today's Jingle South, Shanxi), and Zhihuanzhou (today's Huanzhou, Gansu) County), and resumed his duties as Jiedushi of Zhongshi Dao Baojing Army (now northwest of Lingwu, Ningxia). In the early spring of the eighth year of Huizong's Xuanhe reign (1126), the Jin soldiers surrounded Kaifeng, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, with lightning speed. When Huizong of the Song Dynasty, who was as timid as a mouse and full of charm, saw the troops approaching the city, he panicked and fled for his life surrounded by Tong Guan and others. Song Qinzong (renamed Jingkang), who succeeded the throne, was in trembling fear all day long, waiting for the arrival of King Qin's troops from all walks of life in the cold wind, dead grass, dead trees and ice flowers, and a solemn atmosphere. Zhong Shidao led a strong force on the West Road and marched day and night according to the imperial edict. Traveling to Luoyang, Xijing, you will find that Jin soldiers are stationed under the city of Kaifeng. The staff suggested: "The Jin soldiers are fierce, and our troops can temporarily station in Sishui (now northwest of Sishui, Henan) to ensure safety." Zhong Shidao said: "Garrisoning in Sishui just shows that we have few soldiers, no courage and no strategy; we march forward bravely, but the Jin soldiers cannot predict the reality. Furthermore, when the capital knows that reinforcements are coming, the morale will be boosted. How can our troops worry about the enemy! We must not only advance, but also create public opinion and create an uproar and overwhelming momentum." The troops continued to advance, distributing leaflets along the way (uncovering the list), claiming that "Zhong Shaobao came with millions of troops" until they reached Kaifeng. West of the city. When the Jin soldiers saw that the Western Army, led by Zhong Shidao, was approaching like a tide, they retreated slightly to the north and did not dare to act rashly. When Zhong Shidao led his troops to Kaifeng, Song Qin's minister You Cheng Li Gang greeted and rewarded the soldiers. Zhong Shidao met Qin Zong, and Qin Zong asked: "The Jin soldiers are approaching the border. What do you think of the state affairs at hand?" Zhong Shidao replied: "The Jin people don't understand the art of war. If you go deep alone, you will die. How can you let him return in vain? Home!" Qinzong said: "I have decided to negotiate peace, and it is better to compromise with the Jin people." Zhong Shidao was shocked when he heard this. He thought that "negotiation" and "compromise" were actually surrender, but he did not dare to say it. After calming down for a while, he replied: "I am a soldier, and my duty is to protect the country of the Song Dynasty." I don't know anything else about Sheji and Your Majesty. After hearing this, Qinzong felt that it was very suitable for him. He appointed Shizhong Shidao as the Shaofu of the inspection school and the Xuanfu envoy of Tongzhi Privy Council in Gyeonggi, Hebei and Hedong, and commanded the Qinwang's army from all walks of life. The above is the general of the army at that time. All armies arrived in Kaifeng, but Zhong Shidao's younger brother, Lieutenant General Zhong Shidao, led a large force that had not yet arrived due to the long and difficult journey. Unexpectedly, after arriving in Beijing, Yao Zhongping (also known as Pingzhong) from Xihe (now in Gansu) immediately proposed that "there is no need to fight for peace; war should be fought quickly", and he was rewarded by the Minister of War. Li Gang agreed. Zhong Shidao was experienced and prudent in his military use. He believed that "if there is no peace, then there is war, and if there is no war, then there is peace". However, Qinzong was even more impatient and repeatedly urged Zhong Shidao to go to war. After explaining the reasons, it was not too late to lead troops from the Zhong Division to Beijing and concentrate their superior forces to fight. However, Qinzong was determined to attack the Jin barracks immediately. As the Jin soldiers were prepared, the Song army was defeated at that time. Li Gang, Wu Zhongshi Dao, if the emperor and his ministers work together and unite, they can completely resist the Jin soldiers. However, the emperor is ignorant and the ministers are treacherous, and the crumbling Northern Song Dynasty is on the verge of collapse. After the Song army was defeated, Zhong Shidao thought. He could also clean up the mess and reported to Qinzong and Prime Minister Li Bangyan: "Although we are defeated today, if we attack again tomorrow night, it will be unexpected and the Jin soldiers will be difficult to defend." Qinzong remained silent, but Li Bangyan firmly opposed it and advocated attacking the Jin people immediately. They also instigated Qinzong to dismiss Li Gang from his posts. The surrender of Song Qinzong and Li Bangyan aroused the anger of the soldiers and civilians in the capital, who unanimously demanded that Li Bangyan be dismissed and Li Gang, the main militant, be appointed. The military power was taken by Zhong Shidao. Li Gang was forced to resume his duties. The soldiers and civilians shouted: "We want Li Gang, Master Zhong, not Li Bangyan!" General Zhong rushed to the middle of the army and the people. The warm and spectacular scene made Li Gang and Zhong Shidao shed tears. An order was immediately issued: Anyone who bravely kills the enemy will be given a heavy reward! Forced by the anger of the army and the people, and seeing that Li Gang and Zhong Shidao were in power, and the civil and military forces obeyed their wishes, the Jin soldiers ordered the withdrawal of the troops. The defense battle between the army and the people in Tokyo left a glorious mark in history. chapter.
At first glance, it appears that the place is crowded and disorganized; upon closer inspection, it appears that these people are from different professions and are engaged in various activities. There are some vendors and many tourists on the west side of the bridge. There are knives, scissors, and groceries on the stalls. There are tea sellers and fortune tellers. Many tourists relied on the railings on the side of the bridge to point and watch the boats passing by in the river. On the sidewalk in the middle of the bridge, there is a bustling flow of people; there are people sitting in sedan chairs, riding horses, carrying burdens, driving donkeys to transport goods, and pushing wheelbarrows... The south side of the bridge is connected to the main street. On both sides of the street are teahouses, taverns, pawn shops and workshops. There are many small vendors with big umbrellas in the open spaces on both sides of the street. The street extends to the east and west, all the way to the quieter suburbs outside the city. However, there are still people on the street: some are carrying burdens, some are driving ox carts to deliver goods, some are driving donkeys to pull trucks, and some are stopping to watch the Bianhe River. The view. There are many ships coming and going on the Bianhe River. It can be said that thousands of sails are racing and hundreds of boats are competing for the current. Some are anchored near the pier, and some are traveling in the river. Some large ships were overloaded, so the owners hired many trackers to pull the ships along. A large ship carrying cargo has sailed under the bridge and will soon pass through the bridge opening. At this time, the boatman on the big boat seemed very busy. Some stood on the top of the boat canopy and lowered the sail; some used poles on the side of the boat; some used long poles to hold up the roof of the bridge to allow the boat to pass safely along the current. This tense scene attracted the attention of tourists on the bridge and nearby boatmen, who stood aside and cheered. "Along the River During Qingming Festival" vividly depicts the busy and tense transportation scenes on the Bian River, adding to the life atmosphere of the painting. In the middle section, the busy Bianhe River Wharf: Bianhe River was a national water transport hub in the Northern Song Dynasty and an important commercial transportation thoroughfare. From the picture, you can see that it is densely populated and grain ships gather. Some people are resting in teahouses, some are reading fortune-telling, and some are in Eat at a restaurant. There is also the "Wang's Paper Horse Shop", where people sweep tombs and sell sacrifices. Boats come and go in the river, connected end to end, either pulled by trackers or rowed by boatmen. Some are loaded with goods and sail upstream, and some are anchored on the shore. Nervously unloading. Across the Bian River is a large-scale wooden arch bridge with exquisite structure and graceful form. It looks like a flying rainbow, hence the name Hongqiao. There is a large ship waiting to cross the bridge. The boatmen used bamboo poles to support them; some used long poles to hook the bridge; some used hemp ropes to hold the boat; and a few people were busy lowering the mast to allow the boat to pass. The people in the neighboring boats were also pointing and shouting something. Everyone inside and outside the boat was busy with the boat crossing the bridge. People on the bridge also stretched their heads and sweated over the tense scene of crossing the ship. This is the famous Hongqiao Wharf area, bustling with traffic and hustle and bustle. It is truly a meeting point for land and water transportation. In the back section, there are lively urban streets: with the tall tower as the center, there are rows of houses on both sides, including teahouses, wine shops, foot shops, butcher shops, temples, public houses, etc. The shop specializes in silk and satin, jewelry and spices, incense, paper horses, etc. In addition, there are medical clinics, cart repairs, fortune telling, face shaping and cosmetic surgery. "Louhuanmen" hangs market banners to solicit business. People on the street are crowded with each other, and there is a constant flow. There are merchants doing business, gentry watching the street scene, officials riding horses, hawkers, and family members riding in sedan chairs. There are walking monks carrying baskets on their backs, tourists from other places asking for directions, children in the streets listening and reading, children from rich families drinking heavily in restaurants, disabled old people begging on the edge of the city, men, women, old and young, scholars, farmers, industry and commerce, three religions and nine streams, all Unprepared. Transportation means: sedans, camels, oxen and horse-drawn carriages, rickshaws, peace cars, flat-head cars, all kinds of things are available. Paintings and shapes are displayed in front of people's eyes. In total, in the five-meter-long scroll, *** painted more than 550 people of various colors, 50 to 60 cattle, horses, mules, donkeys and other livestock, more than 20 vehicles and bridges, and 2 large and small boats. More than ten ships. Houses, bridges, towers, etc. also have their own characteristics, reflecting the characteristics of Song Dynasty architecture. Zhang Zeduan's "Along the River During the Qingming Festival" is a realistic genre painting depicting a corner of Bianjing City in the Northern Song Dynasty. It has high historical value and artistic level. .