During the Qianlong and Jiaqing years, Shanghai also developed into a southeast metropolis where merchants gathered. Due to the prosperity of economy, commerce and humanities, many painters and painters have moved here or frequented here to make a living through the prosperous market here.
According to "Mo Lin at Sea", there were 669 calligraphers and seal engravers who went to Shanghai in the Qing Dynasty, including more than 300 painters. Most of them lived in Shanghai and often went in and out of Shanghai after opening a port in Shanghai.
Shanghai is like a huge magnetic field, attracting painters from all over the country, especially from Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Painters from all over the world gathered and gradually formed the "sea painting school". Ren Xiong, Zhu Xiong, Zhang Xiong, Wang Li, Zhao and other famous Shanghai painters who are known as the "Three Bears at Sea" and are active in Shanghai.
Zhu Xiong was persuaded by Zhang Xiong, but now he really wants to see his works. Zhang Xionggong is good at landscapes, especially flowers, and is good at making large-scale works. His paintings in his later years are dignified and simple, which comes from his stone calligraphy skills.
Ren Xiong was especially good at figure painting, which influenced Chen Laolian's painting style in the late Ming Dynasty, and adopted the painting method of the late Qing Dynasty fee to develop and change it. His flowers, birds and landscapes are also influenced by Chen. Flower and bird workers are working and writing in the yard. Most of the landscapes are green and magnificent, which has a great influence on Ren Xun and Ren Yi.
Wang Li is good at flowers and birds, and his works are landscapes. He was far away from the Academy of Song Dynasty, close to Fu, and good at making big paintings. Although his works can be as heavy as Gu Zhuo's, they show their talents with their beauty and fluency. For example, the picture of two chickens under the flower, white powder represents two chickens, and Sumo represents boulder, which is very charming. Later Zhu Zhuo, Ren Yi, Xu Gu, Wu Changshuo, etc. There are colorful freehand brushwork flowers and birds, and Wang Li is the first person to create an atmosphere.
Hu Gongshou's paintings are dominated by flowers, trees and stones, followed by landscapes. The album "Flowers, Fruits, Trees and Stones" shows his expressive ability in various subjects. Self-writing imitates Li Cheng and Bai Yuchan in the Song Dynasty, and Zheng Xie and Zhang Wentao in the Qing Dynasty, all of which are unconventional and innovative.
Hu Gongshou's landscape paintings, such as "White Clouds Lock the Mountain", are smudged with light ink, infiltrated with ink and wash, and change subtly, and can be seen everywhere with pens, which is by no means caused by smearing.
Zhao's books, paintings and seal cutting were all the best at that time. His paintings are good at flowers, trees, stones and mountains and rivers, and the brushwork of calligraphy and the interest of stone carving are integrated into pen and ink, which has a unique connotation, so it can be different from the times. What he has done is fine in the rough and fine in the fine, so he can relax. His colorful flowers are rich in color and thick in brushwork, which unifies the spirit of stone and stone with the popularity of literature in the majestic momentum and opens up a new realm for the painting of freehand flowers.