Recently, in the hit drama Golden Flower, the male host Lu Yi served as a security guard. Speaking of this official position, there is really a celebrity in history. Who is it? "Embroidered Spring Knife" by Shen Lian.
Of course, the movie Embroidered Spring Knife just borrowed Shen Lian's name. Shen Lian was active in the period of Zheng De and Jiajing in history. He was remembered by history for opposing the traitor Yan Song, framed and killed by Yan Song, and honored by scholars in Ming and Qing Dynasties as "four remonstrances in Vietnam" (I). Today, let's take a look at life in Shen Lian.
Shen Lian
1. Shen Lian was born in Shen Lian, whose real names are Chunfu and Zigang, and Xia Qing. Born in 1507, died in 1557, Zhejiang. Jiajing Jinshi, from the highest official position to the Royal Guards, was demoted for opposing Yan Song, and was framed to death by the Yan Party in the relegated place. Later generations posthumous title called it "loyalty", and scholars in Ming and Qing Dynasties called it "Vietnamese under the temptation" (I).
As for the origin of Shen, it is recorded in Shen Shi's Genealogy in the eighth year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty: Shen Shi, the son of Shang Zhi, was demoted to Shen Guo, and the ancient sound of Shen was the same as Shen, so it was also called Shen.
Shen Shi recognized Shi Lei as his ancestor and named the country of Shi Lei, so he was called Shen. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Shen Shi moved to Huiji, Jiangsu Province, where Shen Lian was born. At the same time, according to the genealogy, it is the 13th generation descendant of Shen Shi family.
When Shen Lian was born, "two tigers were on the verge of obesity, roaring and shaking trees" (Xia Qing Shen Gong Chronicle). Like historical celebrities, Shen Lian was born with good omen, but this is the general routine of ancient biographies, so don't pay too much attention to it. But this gift made Shen Lian stand out from the crowd at an early age.
When a teenager became famous, he "read the Book of Changes for the first time" (Chronicle of Xia Qing and Shen Gong). When he was a child, he could read the mysterious Book of Changes, which shows that he is not an ordinary person.
According to the system, the Ming dynasty was hereditary, and the father died and the son succeeded. Shen Shi's family was originally a military household, but by the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the military household system gradually collapsed.
As a military household, Shenyang should have been a soldier for future generations, but Shen Lian obviously did not take the road of military household, but took the road of fame. A big reason is that the military households in the Ming Dynasty were not an honor, but a kind of hard labor, so it is understandable that many soldiers fled in the Ming Dynasty and Shen Lian was unwilling to join the army.
Shen Lian's choice of the imperial examination was undoubtedly correct, because he had a unique choice since he was a child. By the first year of Jiajing (1522), Shen Lian, who was only 15 years old, was successfully admitted to the county official school. Shen Lian was brilliant when he was young!
Xu Weizan, a fellow countryman of Shen Lian's younger generation and a great genius during Jiajing period, praised Shen Lian: "There is a talent for swallowing phoenix, quick thinking ... sharp and strange, and far-sighted, which cannot be restrained." ("Xu")
Wang Wensheng, a Zhejiang inspector, also praised Shen Lian as an "alien" when he visited the local county.
At that time, everyone Wang Yangming once praised Shen Lian as a "talented person who can serve the world" ("Huang Ming should prepare a record of famous officials").
Emperor jiajing
Second, Shen Lian thought that in the 16th year of Jiajing, Shen Lian was admitted to Jinshi. Although there are setbacks in the middle, it is generally smooth. Shen Lian is proficient in Confucian classics and good at calligraphy and painting. In addition, he was born in a military family, and his understanding of the art of war is no less than that of Confucianism, and he also knows a little about knives and guns. Can be described as a versatile person.
Shen Lian's thought is complicated, but he did not break away from the Confucian way of loyalty and filial piety.
One is metaphysics. Because he was famous for the Book of Changes when he was young, his application of the Book of Changes can be described as handy. For example, in the eighth year of Jiajing, fishermen caught a giant white turtle, and the county magistrate asked Shen Lian, who had not yet become an official, to explain its symptoms. Shen Lian explained it as: If you kill it, there will be a flood, so please release it. The county magistrate took his advice, but the white turtle was killed in another county, and as a result, his county was flooded.
The second is psychology. Shen Lian studied under Wang Yangming, and his thoughts were undoubtedly influenced by Wang Yangming. Wang Yangming's thoughts of having nothing outside his heart, honing himself and being cautious about independence are deeply influenced by him. Shen Lian remembered Wang Yangming's creed of integrity, daring to speak and loyalty to the country.
Wangyangming statue
The third is Neo-Confucianism. Shen Lian actively practiced loyalty, filial piety and benevolence advocated by Confucianism. Shen Lian was famous for his filial piety when he was young. If his mother was ill, Shen Lian waited on her for several months, puzzled her clothes, and "burned incense to urge the sky, willing to take her place" (Xia Qing Ji), and finally her mother recovered. People in the village said that Shen Lian's filial piety touched the world.
Although Shen Lian was influenced by many thoughts, it can be summarized as loyalty and filial piety. Loyal officials must seek filial piety, and "filial piety" can better reflect "loyalty." The so-called filial piety is loyalty, and "filial piety is in the sea, and the world is loyal" (Zhao Gong's Poetry Collection). Therefore, Shen Lian had imperceptibly accepted the idea of loyalty before he became an official.
Third, in the 19th year of Jiajing, Shen Lian became the magistrate of Liyang County. During his tenure, he "fought against the strong to protect the good" (Liyang County Records), treated the local tyrants and evil gentry who committed crimes in the county fairly, was not bribed by them, protected the good people, and made the people live and work in peace and contentment, which was praised by the people. In any year, Shen Lian was appointed as the county magistrate of chiping.
Shen Lian in chiping, as always, takes people's hearts as the heart and is diligent in government affairs. When chiping suffered from drought, Shen Lian requested to open a warehouse and went to the countryside to appease the people. At that time, the people praised "Shen Chiping as flat as water, clear as water, ungrateful to the people, and not angry."
Shen Lian only worked in chiping for one year, but he left because he wanted to go back to his hometown to be filial. In the twenty-sixth year of Jiajing, Shen Lian once again became the magistrate of Qingfeng. Qingfeng is a remote and poor county. Because the sky is high and the emperor is far away, the small officials in the county are corrupt, bullying the good and fearing the evil, and handling injustice. In view of the evil deeds of county officials in squeezing civilians, Shen Lian "takes clarification as his own responsibility" (Qingfeng County Records), which greatly changed the atmosphere of county officials' procrastination, corruption and bullying.
At that time, Liu Bing of the Royal Guards Command Room heard about Shen Lian's reputation, thought he was upright and upright, and saw that he came from a family of military households, so he wanted to transfer him to the Royal Guards in Beijing.
Shen Lian
Shen Lian's experience of three county magistrates gave him ample space to experience the hardships of people's livelihood, and also gave him a certain understanding of the corruption of official management in the world.
Fourth, Yan fell and died in Jiajing Dynasty. After the overthrow of Yan Song, the Yan Party came to power 10. During the period of 10, the Ming Dynasty suffered more invasions from the south to the north, the officialdom was corrupt, and the people were in poverty.
In the 28th year of Jiajing, on the recommendation of the satrap Liu Bing, Shen Lian entered the capital and became a security guard. The so-called experience, "all the guards have set up an experience department, which is responsible for the entry and exit of documents. In modern times, the so-called officers who joined the army, wrote books and kept records were all the mouthpiece of the Guards "(Xia Qingji), that is, the document manager. It is said that our experience is to have seven small officials.
However, Shen Lian, an honest man, naturally didn't like the wild goose when he entered the capital. Finally, after the change of Geng Xu, there was a serious opposition between Yandang and Liu Qing. From the perspective of safeguarding its own rights and interests, Yan Party advocates open and closed door talks, maintaining compromise on Anda aggression and not strengthening border defense; Cleanliness is tit for tat.
The national crisis is getting closer and closer, and Shen Lian is extremely disturbed by the strict party's self-destruction of the border defense, betrayal of the country for glory and expansion of the enemy. In the end, he made it clear that he was opposed to opening and closing the exchange market and impeaching Yan Song and others for committing the mistake of harming the country and the people, which was hailed as "the major policy of misleading the country to conquer Shandong".
He thinks: "The military discipline is extremely bad, bribing the people, making the people in all corners of the country poor, and abolishing the nine-boundary yamen is really the crime of Song and his son! The villain can't go, what is there to discuss? " (Xia Qingji) In the Grand Strategy, he impeached Yan Song as "greedy and disease-like. Foolish heart is more stubborn than stone "(Xia Qing Legacy Collection), which lists ten major crimes such as Yan Song and others' corruption and bribery, playing politics, cutting differences and bringing disaster to the country and the people.
In fact, Yan Song and others have long disliked Shen Lian, but only because of the protection of Liu Bing under the command of Liu Qing and a security guard, Shen Lian was acquitted. Now Shen Lian is talking about state affairs with seven small officials. Yan Song seized Jiajing's deep hatred for courtiers to show off his integrity and attacked Shen Lian. Finally, Shen Lian was demoted as the magistrate of the Royal Guards.
Yan Shifan
The imperial switch trade with Mongolia not only failed to contain Anda's aggression, but made Anda frequently harass the border, which completely verified Shen Lian's prediction. Bian Jiang will be attached to Yan Song more often. They can take bribes, but they are vulnerable to war. Therefore, most people in Bian Jiang will kill good people and take credit, or bribe Anda so as not to violate their own defense zones. Shen Lian felt sorry for this situation. He was deeply saddened by the inaction of Xu Lun and Yang Shun.
At the end of the day, Shen Lian was still dissatisfied with Yan Song's manipulation of power and cronyism, so "whenever he met the gentry, he would denounce the strict father and son" (A Record of Emperor Shizong of Ming Dynasty), and everyone called Yan Song and his son "cynics".
He angered Yan Song, and Yan Song rebelled under the pretext that Shen Lian colluded with Anbalism. In the 31st year of Jiajing, 51-year-old Shen Lian was sentenced to death and abandoned the city in Fu Xuan. Liu Shi said, "I will carry Song Zhongchen when he dies. Who knows that this generation will still be surnamed Qin. " ("Xia Qing Ji") still expresses the will to denounce Yan Song and the feelings that scholars died for their country.
Yan Song
Wen Shijun said that Yan Song let his henchmen go out, so his eldest son was tortured in prison and almost died in prison, because Yang Shun, the Yan Song henchmen in charge of the case at that time, was imprisoned, and his eldest son was sent to Liaodong to avoid disaster; Shen Lian's second son was acquitted because he was young; Shen Lian's wife was almost killed when she was sent back to her hometown, and her property was taken away by robbers who became Yan party member.
In the forty-third year of Jiajing, Yan Dang fell and was beheaded. The security representative entered the execution ground with a banner with Shen Lian's name written on it, shouting "My teacher comforts the underground" ("Hidden Mountain").
In the first year of Qin Long, Shen Lian was rehabilitated, and he was appointed as an official of Guanglu Temple, where he imprisoned Yang Shun, a Yan Party member and governor of Xuanda who framed Shen Lian during Jiajing period. Posthumous title of Shen Lian was awarded "loyalty" in the year of apocalypse.
Shen Lian takes the loyalty and filial piety of Confucianism as the criterion, and it is either black or white. He was very dissatisfied with Yan Party's playing politics, which is why Yan Party had to kill him. But with such people in power, the people can live and work in peace and contentment, and the killing of Shen Lian is Daming's loss.