1. Brief ancient texts in "Shishuo Xinyu"
1. Kong Rong was taken into custody, causing panic at home and abroad. At that time, the elder Rong'er was nine years old and the younger one was eight years old. The second son was playing with nails and had no sudden appearance. Rong said to the envoy: "I hope the crime will be stopped, and the two sons will be dead?" Xu Jin said, "Sir, have you ever seen that there are no more intact eggs under the overturned nest?" Xun also collected them. --Liu Yiqing, Southern Dynasties and Song Dynasty, "Shishuoxinyu·Yu (Second)".
Explanation:
Kong Rong was taken into custody, and officials inside and outside the court were very frightened. At that time, Kong Rong's eldest son was nine years old and his youngest son was eight years old. The two of them were playing outside as usual, paying no attention to the officers and soldiers. Kong Rong said to the envoy: "I am the one who is guilty. Can my two sons be spared?" The son said: "Do you know that if you knock over a bird's nest, there will still be intact eggs?" Not long after, his two sons were also killed.
2. Chen Yuan, Fangzi, had a long history of writing and was very talented. He and Ji Fangzi were filial to him. They each discussed their father's merits and virtues. They couldn't decide, so they consulted Taiqiu. Taiqiu said, "It is difficult for Yuanfang to be a brother, and it is difficult for Jifang to be a brother ". --Liu Yiqing, Southern Dynasties and Song Dynasty, "Shishuo Xinyu·Virtue".
Explanation:
During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Chen Shi (Chen Shi), a famous scholar in Yingchuan County, served as the magistrate of Taiqiu County. His two sons, Chen Ji ( Both Yuan Fang and Chen Chen were successful in their careers. They respected their elders and loved their young, and were very virtuous. Chen Ji's son Chen Qun (alias Changwen) and Chen Chen's son Chen Zhong (alias Xiaoxian) were arguing about their fathers' merits and deeds. They turned to their grandfather Chen Shi for comment. Chen Shi thought that Yuan Fang and Ji Fang were both good people, and sighed: "It's hard for Yuan Fang to be a brother, but it's hard for Ji Fang to be a brother!"
Extended information:
Shishuoxinyu The main content:
"Shishuo Xinyu" is also called "Shishuo" and "Shishuo Xinshu", and the volumes are also in different categories. Because Liu Xiang once wrote "Shishuo" in the Han Dynasty (the original book is lost), later generations distinguished this book from Liu Xiang's and named it "Shishuo New Book". The name was changed after about the Song Dynasty.
There are several stories in each category, and there are more than 1,200 stories in the whole book. Each text is of different lengths, some are several lines, and some are a few words. This shows the "note-taking" appeal and characteristics of note-taking novels.
Its content mainly records the words, deeds and anecdotes of some celebrities from the late Eastern Han Dynasty to the Jin and Song Dynasties. The books contained in the book are all historical figures, but some of their remarks or stories are based on rumors and are not entirely consistent with historical facts. A considerable part of this book is collected from various books. For example, the stories of individual characters of the Western Han Dynasty contained in "Gui Zhen" and "Xian Yuan" are taken from "Historical Records" and "Han Shu". Other parts are mostly taken from previous records.
Sogou Encyclopedia - Shishuoxinyu 2. Requesting 12 short classical Chinese articles
1. Material theory original text And if a person has talent and ability, how can his appearance be different from that of a human being①? However, he manages things when he encounters them, draws strategies to gain benefits and harms, and governs the country to achieve national security and benefit. This is why he is different from others.
Therefore, if the people above are unable to observe and apply it carefully, then even though they have the wisdom of Gao, Kui, Ji, and Qi, they cannot differentiate themselves from others, how about those below? Fang, who is hiding in the world, said: "People have supernatural powers in their bodies, just like a cone in a bag, and its end is immediately visible ⑤, so there is no such thing as something that is actually invisible." This person can only see the cone in the bag, But I didn't see my husband's horse in the stable.
There are few people who want to find out the reason why the slaves are different. He guides a heavy chariot and takes a barbarian road. He does not make repeated moves and does not bother the emperor. He has arrived a thousand miles away after just one stop.
At this time, if you let the slave and the horse drive together, even if the horse is tilted, the muscles and bones will be broken, and you will not give up day and night to chase it.退⑧Farewell. The ancient rulers knew this, so they did not regard the world as having no talent, but tried their best to pursue it, and the way they tried was only to the best of their ability.
(Excerpted from "Collected Works of Mr. Linchuan·Material Theory" by Wang Anshi of the Song Dynasty) Notes ①Shape: Appearance. Why: with what, on what basis.
② Draw strategies: make suggestions.
③The person on top: The person on top, here refers to the ruler.
④Gao, Kui, Ji, Qi: Gao, Gaotao, surnamed Yan. According to legend, he was appointed as an official in charge of criminal law by Emperor Shun. Kui, the Le Palace during the Shun period.
Ji, the son of Li Shan, is a famous farmer and can grow hundreds of grains. According to legend, Qi was a Situ officer of Emperor Shun. He was in charge of education and helped Yu control floods. He was granted a title by the Shang Dynasty and was the ancestor of the Shang Dynasty.
⑤ Two sentences: "It's like a cone in a bag": It means that people with outstanding talents will not be buried. Sac, pocket.
End, tip. ⑥Dun: Rectify, here refers to pull.
⑦Juele: Broke the bridle. Absolutely, cut off.
Le, a horse bridle with a bit. ⑧Qiji and Zongji: good horses and bad horses.
⑨ Two sentences of "The Way of Testing": It means that the way to test a person is to let them take on a job that suits them. Translation Besides, what makes talented people different from others in appearance? What makes them different from others is that they can handle things well, make suggestions and gain benefits, and govern the country to make it stable.
Therefore, if people in higher positions cannot be carefully selected and appointed correctly, even if they have the same wisdom as Gao, Kui, Ji, Qi and others, they still cannot make themselves different from others! What's more, they are in a lower position? The short-sighted people in the world also say: "If a person possesses extraordinary abilities, it is like an awl in a pocket. Its tip will immediately come out. Therefore, there are no people who have abilities but do not show them." This is just him. I saw the awl in the pocket, but I didn't see the horse in the stable.
Bad horses and good horses coexist together, drinking water and eating grass in the same way, neighing, kicking and biting. There are very few people who want to look for their different places. By the time a good horse pulls a heavy cart on a flat road, it doesn't need to be whipped many times, and it doesn't bother people to drive it. With a pull of the reins, the journey of thousands of miles has been completed.
At this time, let the bad horse keep pace with it. Even if the bad horse runs over the wheel, breaks the bridle, breaks the muscles and bones, and chases it day and night, it will still be far behind. ah. After this, good horses can be distinguished from bad horses.
The ancient monarchs knew this situation, so they did not think that there were no talented people in the world, so they tried their best to find and test them. The method of examination is to let them take on jobs that suit them.
2. Jiufang Gao Xiangma Original Text Qin Mugong said to Bole: "My son is old①, is there anyone with my surname who can ask for a horse②?" Bole said to him: "A good horse can be described. The muscles and bones are also ③. If the horses in the world ④ are destroyed, if they are lost, they will be destroyed. Don't tell me about the horses in the world. I have Jiufang Gao who is responsible for carrying firewood.
Please see him. Make Xing ask for a horse.
In March, he reported back: "I have found it, and it is on the sand dune." Duke Mu asked, "What kind of horse is it?" He replied: "Female and yellow."
Make people go and get it, it will be a male and Li ⑨. Duke Mu didn't say anything.
He called Bole and said: "It's a failure (11)! The person who asked for a horse was not able to know the color (12), the object (13), the female or the male, and how the horse could be known. ?" Bole sighed and said (14): "As for this (15)! This is why there are countless ministers (16).
Get the essence and forget the roughness. See what you see and forget what you don't see.
Ruogao's Xiangma. , there are those who are more valuable than horses. "When horses arrive, they are the most valuable horses in the world."
——"Lieh Zi" Comments (1) Zi - an honorific title, equivalent to "you". (2) The surname Zi - descendants, here refers to sons.
(3) A good horse can describe the appearance of its muscles and bones - an average good horse can be observed from its physical appearance and muscle frame. Shape refers to the body.
Rong refers to appearance. "Describing the phase of the muscles and bones" is a noun parallel phrase used as an adverbial of the verb "phase".
(4) The best horse in the world (the thousand-mile horse). (5) Juechen Niru - describes the horse in the world (that is, a thousand-mile horse) that can run very fast without raising dust or leaving traces of its wheels.
Juechen: feet not touching the dust, describing running very fast. Mi, mǐ, eliminate, stop.
Ji Zhe, no footprints. (6) With ***——.
Danxi (mò) firewood - carrying firewood and picking vegetables.纆, rope.
(7) Anti - same as "return". (8) Female (pìn)—female birds and beasts.
Opposite of "male". (9) Male (mǔ) - male bird or beast.
Li (lí) - a pure black horse. (10) Said - same as "joy".
(11) Destroyed - bad, bad. (12) Color - pure color.
(13) Object - variegated. (14) 喟(kuì)-sighing.
Taixi——Sigh. (15) Tianji: Innate understanding.
(16) As far as this is concerned - it has reached such a state! (17) This is the reason why there are thousands of ministers and countless people - this is the reason why thousands of me combined are not as good as him. 1. All the sons of ministers are talented - of 2. Mu Gong saw it - pronoun, Jiufang Gao 3. Already got it - pronoun, horse 4. Called Bole and said it - pronoun, Bole 5. Also One day, Duke Mu of Qin said to Bole: "You are old. Do you have any of your descendants who can be sent out to find horses with a thousand li?" Bole said, "A good horse. It can be seen from its shape. 3. Classical Chinese version of Shishuo The hoe is no different from the tiles and stones, and the flowers are caught and thrown away. Another person is reading at the same table, and there is a person who passes by the Xuanmian. He would rather read as before, but he would rather sit down separately and say, "You are not my friend." ”
Translation:
Guan Ning and Hua Xin were hoeing the garden together and dug out a piece of gold. Guan Ning acted as if he had not seen it and continued working as usual; Hua Xin took the gold Guan Ning and Hua Xin were reading at the same table. Guan Ning ignored them and continued to read, while Hua Xin put down his book and ran out to watch the excitement. When Xin came back, Guan Ning had already separated the seats, saying that he and Hua Xin had different interests and said: "You are not my friend." If he doesn't come, Taiqiu will leave. After he leaves, Yuan Fang is seven years old. A guest asks Yuan Fang, "Is your Majesty here?" He replied: "I haven't seen you for a long time, so I have gone." The friend said angrily: "You are not human!" Go with others as expected and leave by agreement. Yuan Fang said: "You and your family are in the middle of the day." If the day is not here, it is untrustworthy; if you scold the father, it is rude. "The friend was ashamed and got out of the car to lead him, but Yuan Fang entered without paying attention.
Translation:
Chen Shi and his friend made an appointment in advance to go out together at noon, but the agreed time passed. The friend did not arrive, so Chen Shi stopped waiting for his friend and left. After he left, his friend arrived. Chen Ji, his son, was only seven years old at the time and was playing outside the house. The guest asked him. : "Is your father at home? Chen Ji replied: "Father has been waiting for you for a long time, but you have not come. You have already left." The guest said angrily: "It's so immoral!" I made an appointment to go out together, but he left me alone and left first. Chen Ji said: "You and my father agreed to meet at noon, but you did not arrive at noon. This is a lack of credibility. It is disrespectful to scold his father in front of his son." "The friend felt very ashamed and hurriedly got out of the car and took Chen Ji's hand. Chen Ji walked straight into the house without looking back at the man. 4. Original text of 30 famous articles in Shishuoxinyu
Yes "Peeping the Leopard in the Pipe", "Kong Rong Recognizes His Relatives", and "Yong Xue".
1. "Peeping the Leopard in the Tube"
Wang Xianzhi, the son of the famous calligrapher Wang Xizhi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was very smart when he was young. When he grew up, he also became a famous calligrapher, sharing the same relationship with his father Also known as the "Two Kings". But I am not proficient in Aiopus.
Once, he saw a few people playing with acanthus, and he pointed at him and said, "You are going to lose." The man glanced at him unhappily and said, "This child is like a child from Looking at a leopard in a tube.
I can only see a patch on the leopard, but not the whole leopard." Wang Xianzhi couldn't help being angry when he saw them talking about him like this, and said: "I am ashamed of Xun Fengqian in the past, and I am ashamed of Liu Zhen in the near future. Long." He threw off his sleeves and walked away.
2. "Kong Rong Recognizes His Relatives"
When Kong Rong was ten years old, he followed his father to Luoyang. At that time, Li Yuanli was very famous and served as Sili Xiaowei. The people who came to his home were only those with outstanding intelligence, high reputations and relatives who were notified.
Kong Rong arrived at the door of his house and said to the people below: "I am a relative of Mr. Li Fu." He had already informed him and went up to sit down. Li Yuanli asked: "What is the relationship between you and me?"
Kong Rong replied: "In the past, my ancestor Confucius once worshiped your ancestor Laozi as his teacher, so you and I have been friends from generation to generation." Li Yuanli and his guests were all surprised by his words. Taizhong doctor Chen Wei arrived later.
Others told him what Kong Rong said. Chen Wei said: "You were very smart when you were young, but you may not be very talented when you grow up." After hearing this, Kong Rong said: "I guess you were smart when you were young. He must be very smart when he hears this." Chen Wei felt uneasy and at a loss.
3. "Ode to Snow"
On a snowy winter day, Taifu Xie gathered his nephews and nephews together and talked about poetry with them. After a while, it snowed heavily.
The Taifu asked very happily: "What does this flying white snow look like?" His brother's eldest son Xie Lang said: "It is almost comparable to spreading salt in the air."
His other brother's daughter said: "It's better to compare it to catkins rising in the wind." Taifu Xie laughed happily after hearing this. She (Xie Daoyun) is the daughter of Xie Wuyi, the eldest brother of Xie Taifu, and the wife of General Wang Ningzhi of Zuo.
Extended information:
"Shishuoxinyu" is a collection of classical Chinese novels written by scholars during the Southern Dynasties. It is basically believed to be written by Liu Yiqing, the king of Linchuan in the Southern Song Dynasty. Liu Yiqing organized the disciples to compile it. Also known as "The Theory of the World". Its content mainly records the words, deeds and anecdotes of some celebrities from the late Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei and Jin Dynasties.
"Shishuoxinyu" is a representative work of "note novels" during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties in China, and is my country's earliest collection of novels written in classical Chinese. There were originally eight volumes, but after being lost, there were only three volumes.
"Shishuo Xinyu" is also known as "Shishuo" and "Shishuo Xinshu", and the categories of volumes are also different. Because Liu Xiang once wrote "Shi Shuo" in the Han Dynasty (the original book is lost), later generations distinguished this book from Liu Xiang's and gave it another name: "Shi Shuo New Book". The name was changed after about the Song Dynasty.