Three Chapters of Meiling
Author: Rola Chen
1in the winter of 936, Meishan was besieged. I have been injured for more than 20 days and have to worry. I got three poems and put them at the bottom of my clothes. Rotational solution
How does it feel to be beheaded today?
There are many difficulties in starting a business
Go to Quantai to recruit the old staff,
Yamaraja was beheaded with a standard100000.
The south of this country has been ten years.
This head must be hung abroad.
After death, you work hard,
Good news flies around like paper money.
The reincarnation revolution went home,
There is a limit to bleeding.
What happened today,
Free flowers are planted all over the world.
Background:
The Red Army 10, the main force of Jiangxi Central Soviet Area, set off for the Long March. At that time, Comrade Chen Yi was seriously injured and stayed in Jiangxi to take charge of military command and government work. 1in the spring of 935, Comrade Chen Yi led his troops to break through the Central Soviet Area under the siege of the enemy and went to Gannan for guerrilla warfare, which lasted nearly three years. These three years of guerrilla warfare were the hardest stage they experienced in the revolutionary struggle. /kloc-in the winter of 0/936, Comrade Chen Yi was surrounded by the enemy in Meishan. Comrade Chen Yi spent more than 20 days in the grass with injuries. Considering that it was difficult to get away, he wrote three poems and hid them in his pocket. Soon, the enemy got nothing and left angrily.
Appreciation of works:
Meiling three chapters is a vital proletarian song written by Chen Yi at the critical moment of life and death. This is a group of poems composed of three seven-character quatrains. Although the three poems have their own emphases in content and can be displayed in sections, they have internal unity in basic themes. They show the author's firm revolutionary belief and revolutionary outlook on life and death from different aspects.
The first chapter focuses on the author's unswerving loyalty to the revolutionary cause. How does it feel to be beheaded today? At the beginning of the poem, the question of death is directly raised, asking how to face the danger of decapitation, which fully shows Chen Yi's brave and fearless spirit in the face of death. There is only one life, and at the moment of decapitation, anyone will have some ideas flooding into his mind. At this moment, what did Chen Yi think? His first thought is that starting a business is very difficult, very difficult. If you want to struggle, you have to sacrifice. In order to create the great cause of revolution, I have experienced countless hardships in my fighting life, regardless of life and death. Today's decapitation is also a fair death, and there is really nothing to worry about. This question and answer is straightforward, lively and generous. The heroic image of Chen Yi willing to go through fire and water for the revolution stands in front of us in one fell swoop, which is really exciting. Facing the danger of death, the poet thinks that the great revolutionary cause has not been completed and the ideal has failed. Today's beheading is really unsatisfactory. Chen Yi used Quantai as a metaphor for the hell on earth under Chiang Kai-shek's government, and Yamaraja as a metaphor for Chiang Kai-shek, the chief culprit of the disaster. He said that once he died, he would go to the grave to gather his former dead comrades, organize hundreds of powerful troops, go straight to the underworld and cut off Yamaraja's head. These two poems are magnificent, inspiring, earth-shattering, and make people cry, vividly showing the poet's firm revolutionary fighting spirit and heroism.
The second chapter focuses on the expectations of the late king and encourages the living to continue to struggle for the indisputable cause of people's liberation. The Beacon in the South is a summary of the poet's participation in the revolutionary armed struggle, which has been going on for ten years. From/kloc-0 to August, 926, Chen Yi left Beijing and returned to Sichuan for the Northern Expedition, and sent troops to/kloc-0 to the winter of 936. In the past ten years, he has been fighting in the war-torn south of China. He made immortal contributions to the establishment of the Red Army of Workers and Peasants, the establishment of the base areas in the Soviet area and the establishment and development of guerrilla zones in the border areas of Jiangxi and Guangdong. This sentence can be read in combination with the hardships of starting a business in the first chapter. Entrepreneurial sentences focus on the difficulty of struggle, while southern sentences focus on the time and place of struggle. Now, when the central Soviet area has fallen and the southern land has been more brutally ruled and ravaged by reactionaries, it is possible for him to bid farewell to this southern land for which he has been fighting for more than ten years. This cannot but make the poet deeply regret. Therefore, the poet was full of passion, borrowed Wu Zixu's allusions, and showed the spirit of dying unsatisfied without seeing the enemy completely annihilated. The word "beard" makes the poet's heroic integrity and the glory of dying for the revolution jump from the paper and hit people's hearts directly. It is a natural extension of the previous poem that the late king worked hard and the good news flew like paper money. War is bloody politics. The poet called the living comrades-in-arms the late king, in order to remind them to be prepared for sacrifice, hoping that they could continue fighting like the 100 thousand veterans who went to the disaster first and themselves who were about to be beheaded, without fear of sacrifice.
The third chapter further positively expressed his belief in winning the revolutionary cause and his ideal of life willing to die for it. Joining the revolution is a common occurrence, and there are times of bloodshed. This means that I have regarded the revolutionary cause as my home since I joined the revolution, and I am determined to fight for it all my life; Although it is already in a difficult business and the motherland is still in the bloody brutality of the reactionaries, the night is about to pass and the dawn is coming. China's positive outlook on life in ancient times was called the theory of self-cultivation, keeping the family in order, governing the country and leveling the world, and the word "hatred between countries" also showed that the family and the country could not be completely separated. Are there finished eggs under the nest? Homeless people can't have a country, and it's hard to have a happy and perfect home when the country is broken. Taking the revolutionary cause as home is a vivid portrayal of the revolutionary outlook on life of proletarian soldiers who are concerned about the country and the people in their youth, and shows the poet's noble and broad mind. For the bright future of human liberation to come one day earlier, the poet is willing to pour the blood of countless martyrs and water the flowers of freedom on the land of the motherland. Here, the poet injected the lofty proletarian ideal of a producer into the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation. In this answer, it highlights the lofty and broad mind and spiritual realm of a revolutionary, which those who live in poverty and drag out an ignoble existence would never have thought of. Revolution does not live to die, but the courage to live to die is another glory of life. Flowers of freedom are planted all over the world, which is the author's beautiful imagination of the future of revolutionary victory and the real significance of the author's pursuit of justice and charity.
"meiling three chapters" is a group of works by Huang Zhongda Road, which was carved and decorated in one breath when Chen Yi was in a crisis. Poems are bold and unconstrained, with high style, precise sentences, delicate words, profound feelings and rich sounds and feelings, which are the expression of the poet's lofty feelings and the portrayal of his great personality.
Appreciation of Zhang Ji's Qiu Si
The annual autumn wind blows to Luoyang city, and my wandering son doesn't know how his relatives in his hometown are; Writing a letter to peace has too much to say and I don't know where to start.
When the letter is written, I am worried that I have not finished what I want to say; When the messenger started, he opened the envelope and gave it to him.
Make an appreciative comment
This poem is about something that everyone thinks is common, but not everyone can say it. As a guest in a foreign country, I miss my hometown when I see the autumn wind. Please send me a message. Afraid of missing something when I left, I quickly opened it and read it several times. Things are flat, and once they enter poetry, especially when a master like Zhang Ji enters poetry, it will become a wonderful place. This is not common in poetry.
Of course, there are also many excellent works with letters from home as the theme in Tang poetry. For example, Cen Can's "On welcoming messengers to Beijing": "When you meet, you don't need paper and pencil, and you can report peace with your message." Writer Ma Jun, in my busy schedule, as an envoy of Lu Yu, sent comfort to Lu Yu's family. Du Fu's hope for spring: "After three months of war, a letter from home is worth a ton of gold." The writer was trapped in Chang 'an under the occupation of An Shi Rebellion. I don't know if his home in the war was Anji, and I am eager to come to comfort me. They all expressed their homesickness with unique skills. The uniqueness of this poem lies in its depth, shallowness and softness in twists and turns. At first glance, it is just a few words, but it is full of profound meaning.
Wang Anshi's poem entitled "Zhang" said: "It seems to be the most extraordinary, but in fact it is a piece of cake." It can quite tell the artistic style and creative bitterness of this poem. Poetry follows the autumn wind, which is a common technique since the Book of Songs. With the autumn wind, the wild geese fly north and south. They travel in other places, and it is easy to contact and think. For example, Liu Yuxi's "Autumn Wind" once said: "Autumn wind comes everywhere, and rustling sends geese. When I came to the court tree, the lone guest heard it first. " Let's look at the history of the poet again. It turns out that he is from Wuzhong (now Suzhou, Jiangsu), which reminds people of the story of Zhang. According to the Book of Jin? "History of Han Zhang Zhuan" said: "Seeing the autumn wind, I miss Wuzhong leek, soup and perch, and said:' Life is expensive and you are not ambitious, why do you stay thousands of miles and become famous!' Then I drove home. "And Hans Zhang generation Tongli, and all the officials to the north. Hans Zhang predicted Sima, the king of Qi? Quasi-lip? Zhang Ji may not have any political reasons for the uprising, but his yearning for his hometown when he saw the autumn wind is very similar. Although he couldn't "drive home" immediately like Hans Zhang, he poured his homesickness on paper. Although this creative impulse of feeling things and feeling things uses the traditional "ascending" method, it contains such rich connotations, which cannot but become a feature of this poem.
The second sentence is "longing for a writer is meaningful", in which the word "longing" is closely related to "watching the autumn wind". It turns out that the poet's mood is calm, like clear water. The autumn wind blew his emotional ripples. The writing is fluent, but at the end of the sentence, the word "heavy meaning" suddenly came back, just like calligraphy. Therefore, the poet's feelings here are not downstream, but deeper. This technology, seemingly ordinary, is actually extremely high. We played poetry carefully: the poet was homesick for the autumn wind and wanted to write a book, and I didn't know where to start with a thousand words. "Meaning is important", but using virtual reality. Liu Yuxi said in "Song of the Knife Ring": "Today, facing each other, the pulse is full of gravity." "Ten thousand centers of gravity" and "ten thousand meanings" are extremely complicated thoughts and feelings. Every reader with life experience can understand how much care there is. How to write this book because it is full of meaning? Did you write it? The author didn't make it clear for the reader to imagine, which is endless and thought-provoking.
Three or four sentences, another turning point. Although "the meaning is too heavy", I can't write it, but in a sense, the letter from home is still written. The problem is that I'm in a hurry to write, and I'm still unfinished. The word "urgent" is vivid and picturesque, which not only describes one's own side, but also reflects the sender's side. As can be seen from the following, the messenger met him immediately during the trip: he may be about to get on the horse and board the ship. Even if it's not as urgent as Cen Can's "meeting right away" in Beijing, it can't stop for a long time. As the messenger is in such a hurry, the writer has to write quickly. It's difficult to express the ideas in a hurry. In this logical description, the poet's eagerness and haste are as vivid as they are now. The word "inexhaustible" also closely echoes the above-mentioned "heavy meaning", because it is "inexhaustible" and "heavy meaning" is also related to the homesickness caused by "seeing the autumn wind". Huang Shucan's Notes on Tang Poetry says: "The meaning of the first sentence has been generally seen, and the official letter is inexhaustible." When pedestrians come, Kaifeng opens, which is even more wonderful. Think about how to connect the second half of this song, and you will know that the first sentence is difficult to write. "Explain that the beginning of the second half of the poem and the beginning of the whole poem are closely linked.
knot
Bai Juyi was born in Taiyuan, Shanxi, and later moved to Xiayi (now Linwei District, Weinan City, Shaanxi Province). Bai Juyi's father later became a county magistrate in Gongxian County, Henan Province, and became friends with his neighbor Xinzheng County magistrate at that time. Seeing the beautiful scenery of Xinzheng, his family moved to Xinzheng. Bai Juyi was born in Dongguozhai, Xinzheng County (now Xinzheng, Henan Province) on the 20th day of the first month in the seventh year of Tang Daizong Dali (AD 772). He lived in Xinzheng until he was 12 years old, and then moved to Jiangnan to escape the war in the Central Plains. Five cases of relocation will last for six years.
Bai Juyi was smart since childhood and studied very hard. After reading it, his mouth was sour and his hands were worn out. Young, all white hair. There are still allusions about 100 days ago when he was born, and "Bai Juyi was in Gu Kuang" when he first arrived in Chang 'an. His poems have a wide influence not only in China, but also in Japan and Korea. He also launched the "New Yuefu Movement" with Yuan Zhen, and was called "Bai Yuan" by the world.
Bai Juyi lived in Xiangshan, Luoyang for a long time in his later years, hence the name "Xiangshan Jushi". In August of the sixth year of five Huichang cases (AD 846), Bai Juyi died of illness in Luoyang and was buried in Xiangshan, Luoyang, at the age of 75. After his death, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty Li Chen wrote a poem to mourn him. The poem said, "Who taught Minglu to be a poet for sixty years?" Floating clouds are naturally happy if they are not famous and easy to live in. Boys perform "Song of Eternal Sorrow", and Hu Er can sing "Pipa". The article was full of people's ears, and I was once sad. Author of Bai Changqing's Collected Works, with 7 1 volume.
Song of Eternal Sorrow is a famous masterpiece in Bai Juyi's poems. Written in the first year of Yuanhe (806), the poet served as county magistrate in yi county (now Zhouzhi, Shaanxi). He visited Xianyou Temple with his friends Chen Hong and Wang Zhifu, and wrote this poem because of the story of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei. In this narrative poem, the author describes the love tragedy of Xuanzong and Yang Guifei in the Anshi Rebellion with refined language, beautiful images, narration and lyricism: their love was destroyed by their own rebellion, and they were endlessly eating the bitter fruit of this spirit. Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei are both historical figures. Poets do not stick to history, but rely on a little shadow of history. According to the legend of the people at that time, the singing of the neighborhood has degenerated into a tortuous and touching story, which is described and sung in a reciprocating and touching art form. Because the stories and characters in the poem are artistic, and they are the complex and true reappearance of people in reality, they can ripple in the hearts of readers in past dynasties.
The song of everlasting regret is the song of everlasting regret, which is the theme of the poem, the focus of the story and a touching seed buried in the poem. As for what you hate, why do you hate it for a long time? The poet does not tell and express directly, but shows it to readers layer by layer through his poetic stories, so that people can guess, remember and feel for themselves.
The first sentence at the beginning of the poem: "The emperor of China longs for beautiful women who may shake an empire" seems very common, as if the story should be written from here without the attention of the author. In fact, these seven words are extremely rich, which is the whole program, which not only reveals the tragic factors of the story, but also evokes and directs the whole poem. Then, in extremely frugal language, the poet described how Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty emphasized color and sought color before the Anshi Rebellion, and finally got Yang Guifei, who said, "As long as she turns her head and smiles, there will be a hundred spells, and the makeup of the sixth palace will go up in smoke." It describes the beauty and charm of Yang Guifei. After entering the palace, he was favored by color. She not only "inherited her kindness", but also "listed all her sisters and brothers in the soil". Repeatedly rendering how Tang Xuanzong indulged in debauchery, how to have fun, and how to indulge in singing, dancing and drinking in the palace all day. All this led to the Anshi Rebellion: "Until the drums of war exploded from Yuyang, shaking the earth and breaking the tune of rainbow skirts and feather clothes". This part describes the internal cause of "long hatred", which is the basis of the tragic story. Through the realistic description of this court life, the poet ironically introduced the hero and heroine of the story: an emperor who valued the country and despised the people, and a charming and pampered concubine. This also vividly implies that the misunderstanding of Tang Xuanzong is the root of this tragedy.
Below, the poet specifically described the scene that the emperor's military forces fled to the southwest after the Anshi Rebellion, especially the destruction of the love between Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei in this turmoil. "People in the army stop, and no one will move until under their hooves, and they may trample on those moths. The gorgeous hairpin fell to the ground, and no one picked it up, a green and white Hosta and a golden hairy bird. The emperor couldn't save her, so he had to cover his face. Later, when he turned to look, the land of blood and tears wrote their scene "Where are you going, Maweipo". The "Sixth Army refused to send" and demanded the execution of Yang Guifei, which was an anger against Tang Xuanzong's infatuation with women and brought disaster to the country and people. The death of Yang Guifei is a key plot in the whole story. After that, their love turned into a tragedy. Then, from "hiding in the yellow dust blown by a cold wind" to "there is no beloved spirit to visit his dream", the poet seized the "hate" in the spiritual world of the characters, described the loneliness and sadness of Yang Guifei in Shu after her death, and also recalled the past on the way. The lingering lovesickness is heartbreaking. It is precisely because the poet exaggerates the feelings of the characters to such an extent that the arrival of Taoist priests and the appearance of fairyland behind them give people a sense of reality and will not think that they are purely castles in the air.
From "There lived a Taoist priest in Lingqiong who was a guest in the sky" to the end of the poem, Taoist writers helped Xuanzong find Yang Guifei. The poet used a romantic technique. Suddenly he went to heaven and then to the ground. "Above, he looked for the green void, below, the yellow spring, but he didn't find the person he was looking for in either place." Later, Yang Guifei was found on the ethereal fairy mountain at sea, and was allowed to reappear in the fairyland with the image of "tears falling down her sad white face, like spring rain on a pear flower", warmly welcoming the envoys of the Korean family, expressing their feelings, sending a symbolic message, reaffirming the previous vows, taking care of Tang Xuanzong's thoughts about her, and further deepening and rendering the theme of "long hatred". At the end of the poem, it ends with "and this endless sorrow is endless", points out the theme, responds to the beginning, and achieves "silence", giving readers room for association and aftertaste.
The Song of Eternal Sorrow first gives us the enjoyment of artistic beauty, a moving story in the poem and a delicate and unique artistic conception. The center of the whole article is "Song of Eternal Sorrow", but the poet tries his best to write and render it with "thick ink and heavy color" as the starting point. "Work at sunrise and rest at sunset", "Don't go early", "Stay up late", "I can't get enough of it" and so on. , appear extremely happy, like a comedy. However, that kind of extreme joy is only in contrast to the endless hatred behind it. The dissoluteness of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty led to a political tragedy, which in turn led to a love tragedy between him and Yang Guifei. The maker of the tragedy finally becomes the hero of the tragedy, which is a particularly tortuous part of the story and the reason why the hero and heroine in the poem have to "hate" for a long time. Many people used to say that Song of Eternal Sorrow has a moral, and this poem is the moral. So, how does the poet express "long hatred"? After the death of Yang Guifei in Majipo, the poet described it very delicately, showing the inner contradictions and painful feelings of Tang Xuanzong who could not bear to give up love and wanted to save it. Because of this "blood and tears" death, there will be endless hatred. Later, the poet used a lot of pen and ink to repeatedly render Tang Xuanzong's yearning for Yang Guifei from all aspects, but the story of the poem did not stay at an emotional point, but with the gradual progress of the inner world of the characters, he perceived the constant changes of their scenery, pushed forward the time and story, and used the thoughts and feelings of the characters to develop and promote the development of the plot. After his death, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty went to Shu and felt very sad. Still on the road, revisiting the old place has evoked sad memories; After returning to the palace, I experienced physical injury during the day and insomnia at night. I miss it day and night, so I hope to have a dream, but it is "the distance between life and death year after year, but no beloved soul has visited his dream". At this point in the poem, the "hate" of "long hate" has been written very touching, and it seems that the ending of the story is OK. But the poet's pen is curved. With the help of the colorful wings of imagination, he conceived a charming fairyland, which pushed the plot of the tragic story to a climax and made the story more tortuous, ups and downs. This turning point is both unexpected and reasonable. Due to the constant contradiction and collision between subjective desire and objective reality, poetry vividly shows the psychology of the characters, and the story is more moving.
Song of Eternal Sorrow is a narrative poem with strong lyrical elements. The poet adopted the expression technique of China's traditional poetry, which is good at telling stories and portraying characters, and harmoniously combined narrative, scenery description and lyricism, forming the lyric characteristics of poetry. Poets sometimes inject the thoughts and feelings of the characters into the scenery, and use the refraction of the scenery to contrast the mood of the characters; Sometimes we grasp the distinctive scenery and things around the characters, express their inner feelings through their feelings, and render them layer by layer, appropriately expressing the unspeakable feelings hidden in the hearts of the characters. On his way to the southwest, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was surrounded by yellow dust, plank roads and high mountains. The sun is dim, the standard is dull, and autumn scenery is desolate. This is a sad autumn scenery to set off the sad thoughts of the characters. In Shu, facing the green mountains and green waters, we still can't forget ourselves. The mountains and water in Shu are beautiful, but in the lonely and sad eyes, the "green" of the mountains and the "green" of the water are also sad. The beauty of nature should be appreciated with a quiet mind, but he didn't, so he increased his inner pain. This is to write sad feelings through beautiful scenery, so that feelings are deeper. The moonlight in the palace and the bell on a rainy night are already very exciting. The poet grasped these unusual but distinctive things and brought people into the realm of sadness and heartbreak. In addition, when they see and smell, they are intertwined, which also shows the sadness and sadness of the characters in language and tone. This is another floor. Still on the road, "everything is spinning" was originally a happy thing, but the old place ended and Yu Yan disappeared, so I couldn't help crying. In the narrative, another layer of painful memories is added. After returning to Chang 'an, "ponds, gardens, palaces, everything is the same as before, Taiye Lake hibiscus, Weiyang Palace willow. But petals are like her face, and willow leaves are like her eyebrows. Whenever he looks at them, what can he do but cry? " . During the day, caused by the environment and scenery, people are associated with the scenery, and the scenery remains the same, but people are gone. I can't help bursting into tears. From the hibiscus flowers in Taiye Pool and the weeping willows in Weiyang Palace, I seem to see the appearance of Yang Guifei, showing the extremely complicated and subtle inner activities of the characters. "Fireflies were flying on the throne, while he was meditating in the twilight. He will extend the wick to its end and still never fall asleep ... bells and drums will slowly ring the long night, and before dawn, the Milky Way in the sky will become clear. " From dusk to dawn, the focus is on the scene where you can't sleep for a long time because of emotional troubles at night. This bitter yearning is like "peaches and plums bloom and the spring breeze blows" and "after the autumn rain, the fallen leaves return to their roots". It is sad to see that the "disciples of Liyuan" and "A Jian Qing E" in those days were all white-haired and their faces were withered. From the rambling of Huang Chen to the lush of Shushan, from rainy night in the palace to triumphant return, from day to night, from spring to autumn, we are moved by things everywhere, always thinking of people, and repeatedly rendering the protagonist's hard pursuit and search from all aspects. If you can't find it in real life, you will find it in your dreams. If you can't find it in your dream, go to fairyland. This kind of ups and downs, layer by layer rendering, let the characters' feelings swirl up and reach a climax. It is through such layers of rendering that the poet repeatedly expresses his feelings and goes back and forth, which makes the characters' thoughts and feelings more profound and rich, and the poetry is "delicate in texture" and more artistic.
As an immortal narrative poem, Song of Eternal Sorrow has a high artistic achievement. Throughout the ages, many people have affirmed the special artistic charm of this poem. What infected and seduced readers with the art of Song of Eternal Sorrow? Touching, I am afraid, is its greatest artistic personality, and it is also the power that it can attract readers, make them infected and tempted for thousands of years.
I can't write any more. Sorry, there is no room.