1. Read the following classical Chinese text and complete the questions
1.C 2.B 3.A 4. (1) If there is an alarm and horses are not enough (cannot be supplied), Who can bear this fault? (“Take off”, “Give”, “Ren”, “Jiu”, 1 point will be given for each correct translation) (2) Punishment and reward are the sovereign’s power and should only be given to others as a last resort.
(Judgment sentence, "人主", "handle", "false", 1 point will be given for each correct translation) (3) Defense is an important minister, used to prepare for unexpected events. Things like these are the duties of the officials in charge.
(“So”, “Very”, “Ruo”, “Nai”, 1 point will be given for each correct translation) 1. Analysis: For this type of questions, you must put the content words back when answering The original text is understood in conjunction with the specific context and context. Item C, know: supervisor.
Therefore the answer is C. Test point: Understand the meaning of common classical Chinese content words in the text.
The ability level is Understanding B. 2. Analysis: For this type of question, please note that the "meaning and usage" must be the same. Analyze and think about the meaning and usage of classical Chinese function words, and judge based on the part-of-speech of the words before and after the sentence.
Item B is a structural particle, equivalent to "of". Item A, comes / to express the modification relationship. Item C, demonstrative pronoun, this / modal particle.
Item D, if/as if. Test point: Understand the meaning and usage of common classical Chinese function words in the text.
The ability level is Understanding B. 3. Analysis: A. People who know him think that he has the magnanimity of a public minister.
Test point: Screen and integrate the information in the text. The ability level is analysis and synthesis C.
4. Analysis: When translating this type of question, you must first find out the keywords or sentence patterns for translation, usually literal translation, except for some metaphorical words, and then translate it as a whole, and according to modern Chinese standards to achieve the order of words and sentences. Test point: Understand and translate the sentences in the text.
The ability level is Understanding B. Reference translation Xue Juzheng, courtesy name Ziping, was born in Junyi, Kaifeng.
When Ju Zheng was young, he was eager to learn and had great ambitions. In the early years of the Qing Dynasty, when he took the Jinshi examination and was not admitted, he wrote an article "Charming Sorrow" to laugh at himself. The meaning of the article was unusual. People who knew him thought he had the capacity of a public minister.
One year later, he was promoted to Jinshi. In the early years of the Qianyu period of the Later Han Dynasty, Shi Hongzhao commanded the bodyguards and troops. His authority shocked the emperor. He was cruel, indulgent and arrogant, and no one dared to disobey his wishes.
His subordinate officials accused the people of violating the salt ban and were punishable by death. The case was about to be decided. Xue Juzheng suspected that the matter was untrue and asked the people to inquire. It turned out that the officials had personal grudges with the people, so he falsely accused the people and arrested the official for questioning. He confessed and was punished.
In the third year of Xiande's reign, he was promoted to the official position of Zuo Jianyi, and was promoted to judge. Soon, he became famous in the court because of his talents and was promoted to Minister of Justice.
In the early years of the Song Dynasty, Xue Juzheng was promoted to Minister of Household Affairs. In the third year of Jianlong's reign, he went to the imperial court to serve as a privy scholar and temporarily acted as tribute judge.
As soon as Hunan was pacified, the imperial court appointed Xue Juzheng as the magistrate of Langzhou. When thousands of deserters gathered in the mountains to be bandits, the military supervisor suspected that the more than a thousand monks in the city were accomplices of the thieves, and planned to kill them all.
Xue Juzheng used a trick to delay the incident. He took the opportunity to lead his army to eliminate the bandits, captured the bandit leader Wang Duan, and interrogated him. He learned that none of the monks participated, and more than a thousand monks were able to save their lives. In the early years of Qiande, Xue Juzheng was appointed Minister of War.
The emperor will personally conquer Taiyuan and mobilize a large number of people to transport food and grass. At that time, there was a famine in Henan Prefecture, and 40,000 families fled. The emperor was worried about this, and ordered Xue Juzheng to quickly summon the people and restore their livelihood within ten days.
In February of the eighth year of Kaibao's reign, the emperor said to Ju Zheng and others: "The years are prosperous and all things are abundant. If it were not for the blessing of God, this would not be possible.
You should work together to think about things that benefit the public and help others. If there are mistakes in political affairs, you should save them and realize my ambition. ”
Xue Juzheng and others worked harder and harder on government affairs to fulfill the emperor’s wishes. He was pure in behavior and frugal in running the family. He was tolerant and frugal in government affairs and did not like to be demanding and careful.
From participating in government affairs to becoming prime minister, he became the emperor in the 18th year of his reign. The kindness given to him has never changed. 2. Classical Chinese translation Yang Huizhi, courtesy name Zhongyou, from Pucheng, Jianzhou
Original text:
Yang Huizhi, courtesy name Zhongyou, from Jianzhou. He was born in Pucheng, Fujian Province. His family was a martial artist, and his father was a Confucian scholar. He studied hard when he was a child in Pucheng. Jiang Wenwei, a native of the city, was good at poetry, and he traveled with Huizhi. From then on, he was as famous as him. He studied in Lushan, Xunyang. At that time, the Li family took possession of Jiangbiao, and then went to Bian and Luo to study for Dou Yi and Wang Pu.
At the beginning of the Qian Dynasty, he and Zheng Qi were appointed as Tianxing Ling. Wang Yanchao, the commander-in-chief of the palace, was well aware of his name. He was sent to Shuping and moved to Emei Ling. At that time, Bai Zai Yujin of the Song Dynasty was rewarded with chants. In Quanzhou, he moved to Zuo Shiyi and Youbu Que. In the early days of the Taiping Dynasty, Emperor Taizong heard about his poems and wrote hundreds of poems to express his gratitude. "What a blessing it is that I have been living in exile for ten years. I met the king and asked him his name." Taizong praised him, and he was sent to the imperial censor and sent to the Ministry of Punishment for diagnosis and treatment. He was given 300,000 yuan.
At that time, Liu Changyan stepped down and took charge of the affairs of the government. Instead, he said to Hui Zhi: "When I met Zhang Jie, the money was as thick as water, and it will be of great use day and night. "There is a man named Qian Xi from the Zhishi Guan. He is very kind to Chang and pays homage to Hui. Hui's words are second to his. , So Bai went up. In anger, Zhaochang asked him to go out to Huizhou to serve as the marching commander of Shannan East Road. Xi was dismissed from his post and was appointed as the marching commander of Zhen'an Army before he left.
Not long after, he complained about his illness and gave him some famous medicine. He was not able to offer sacrifices to his servants, so he drove to the north in his car. Hui Zhili said in the garden: "Qing Mianjin." Medicine is better than seeing it soon. "And in the first month of the spring of the next year, when the chariot returned, an envoy was sent to ask questions. He died at the age of eighty.
Hui Zhizhi was pure and kind, abiding by the rules, and respecting the teachings of fame. , especially those who advance through non-Taoism. He tasted: "Wen Zhongshu and Kou Zhun used fighting to gain high positions, which made their descendants more competitive and immersed in etiquette and customs. "The world calls him a wise man. Hui is unconventional and unconventional, but he is admired by Li Fang and Wang Youshen. He is a literary friend with Shi Xizai, Li Mu, and Jia Huangzhong. Since he has become a Langguan and Yushi, the court is waiting for the old Virtue. He is good at talking and knows many allusions. He is fond of reciting poems and poems since the Tang Dynasty. He took it to advance. Hui had no children. After Hui's wife Wang died, he was given silk to his family.
Explanation (for reference):
Yang Hui. Zhi, named Zhongyou, was born in Pucheng, Jianzhou. His grandfather Yang Gao served as an official in Fujian and was a military officer for generations. His father Yang Cheng became a scholar and ended up in the position of Pucheng magistrate. He studied hard since he was a child. Among the people in the same city, Jiang Wenwei was good at writing poems and Jiang Weizhi was good at writing poems. Huizhi traveled with them and gradually became as famous as them. He studied on his own in Lushan, Xunyang. At that time, the Li family occupied the country. In the area south of the Yangtze River, he secretly changed into soldiers' clothes and went to the Bian and Luo areas. He wrote articles to Dou Yi and Wang Pu, and won their courtesy.
In the early years of Qiande, he and Zheng Qi were elected. After receiving Tianxing Order, Wang Yanchao, the commander-in-chief of the government, had long heard of Yang Huizhi and treated him with courtesy. After the stability of Shu, he was appointed as Emei Order. At that time, Song Bai was appointed as the magistrate of Yujin County, and they often responded with poems. Later, he became Zuo Lang and Quanzhou magistrate, and was promoted to Zuo Shiyi and You Buque. In 976, he was transferred back to the capital. Song Taizong Zhao Guangyi had long been familiar with his poems, so he asked him for a collection of poems.
Huizhi dedicated hundreds of articles and wrote a special poem to express his gratitude. The last chapter of the poem included the sentence "How lucky am I to meet the king and ask him his name after ten years of wandering." Taizong admired it after reading it. From then on, most of Taizong's own poems were copied and given to him in another copy. He was later promoted to serve as the Censor and Quan Judgment Department. Yang Huizhi once fell ill, and Taizong sent a doctor to treat him and gave him 300,000 yuan.
At that time, Liu Changyan had not long been promoted from a low position. He took charge of the aircraft operations at an inappropriate time. He was worried that he would not be able to meet people's expectations and often looked for ways to protect himself. Dong Yan was the right strategist at that time, and he always wanted to destroy Liu Changyan and replace him. He once said to Huizhi: "The emperor values ??Zhang Jie and Qian Ruoshui very much, and they will be of great use sooner or later." There was Qian Xi in the Zhishi Museum, who was with Changyan. They had a deep friendship and once visited Huizhi, Huizhi mentioned this matter during the conversation. Qian Xi quickly told Liu Changyan, and Changyan told Zhang Ji. Zhang Ji was favored by his superiors at that time. Liu Changyan said that Yang Huizhi asked Qian Xi to spread rumors and slander him, and Zhang Ji told the emperor. The emperor was very angry and summoned Liu Changyan to verify his true words. So Yang Huizhi was transferred out of the capital and served as the marching commander of Shannan East Road, and Qian Xi was demoted to Langzhou Tongpan. Before Huizhi could make the trip, he was appointed as the Marching Sima of the Zhen'an Army.
Soon after, (Yang Huizhi) resigned on the grounds of inconvenience due to foot pain, and the emperor gave him the medicine. It is better to worship in the suburbs than to follow, and the rewards are similar to those of attending the temple. The emperor drove to the north to patrol, but Yang Huizhi stayed in the garden with a hasty farewell. The emperor said to him with pity: "You should speed up your treatment. It won't be long before we see him again." He stopped in Daimyo and specially sent an edict to leave his message. In the first month of the spring of the next year, the emperor returned by car and sent an envoy to greet him in person. At the time of his death, he was eighty years old.
Yang Huizhi has a pure and upright temperament, abides by rules, advocates famous religions, and especially hates people who seek official positions through abnormal channels. He once said: "Wen Zhongshu and Kou Zhun worked hard to gain high positions. The younger generations competed to learn this competitive spirit, which made the old etiquette and customs (promotion through connections) become weak." The world says this is the truth. Hui Zhi rarely deviated from current customs, but was highly respected and admired by Li Fang, Wang You and others, and became literary and righteous friends with Shi Xizai, Li Mu and Jia Huangzhong. Since he was appointed as Langguan and Yushi, the court has treated him with the old virtues of his ancestors. He is good at talking and knows many allusions. He can remember in detail all the noble figures since the Tang Dynasty. He is very fond of poetry. Whenever he discusses poetry with others, he forgets his fatigue from morning to night. After his death, twenty volumes of his works were left at home, and the emperor ordered Xiahou Qiao to retrieve them and keep them in the palace. Yang Huizhi had no sons. Hou Hui's wife Wang died, and when she was buried, she gave money to his family. 3. Translation of You Zhonghong’s classical Chinese works and answers to exercises
Translation materials for reference: You Zhonghong (1138-1215), named Zizheng, posthumously named Zhong, was born in Nanchong.
In 1175 (the second year of Chunxi reign of Emperor Xiaozong), he was awarded the title of Jinshi. Guan Jian was the chief registrant. He was favored by the chief minister Li Changtu and recommended him to Zhao Ruyu to make the secretary-general for fortification. Zhao Ruyu also thought highly of him and called him a "forgiving and knowledgeable man".
After Zhao Ruyu returned to the court to become prime minister, You Zhonghong was also recommended by Jiaozhang to join the court, and he was appointed to the Wengu Courtyard as an official. After Zhao Ruyu was beaten and left the court, he traveled back to Sichuan and was transferred to Lizhou Road to be sentenced and sentenced to some prison terms.
It can be seen that You Zhonghong’s official position in Beijing is not at the ministerial level, and in the local area he is only a road-level department official? quot; The theories of "big worship" and "participation in political affairs" are purely false. You Si (also written as a companion) (?-1252), named Jingren, nicknamed Kezhai, posthumous title Qingxian, presented to the young master.
He was diligent and studious, and studied under Liu Guangzu in 1221 (the fourteenth year of Jiading reign of Emperor Ningzong of the Song Dynasty), and became a bachelor of Dali in 1239 (the third year of Emperor Jiaxi reign of Emperor Lizong). , signed the Privy Council, and was granted the title of Bo of Nanchong County. In August of the same year (the fifth year of Chunyou), he was appointed Prime Minister You. The bachelor of Duanming Palace remained in the position of "prime minister" until his death. After he became a high-ranking official, he settled in Xinshi Town, Deqing County, Zhejiang Province, where his shrine once stood.
The political achievements of You Zhonghong and his son. Although You Zhonghong's official rank is not as high as his son's, his courage and courage are far superior to his son's.
When he was serving as the secretary of the system and doing fortifications, many people in Yibin area. Dong Man's tribe invaded Jianwei and captured some Song people.
Song Dynasty was preparing to send troops to attack, and You Zhonghong asked to go alone to deal with it.
After he went to question the cause, he asked Dong Bu to release the prisoners, and Song immediately paid the horse price, and a war turned into jade and silk. You Zhonghong returned after being surrendered. From then on, he became famous and was transferred to the staff of Chengdu Commander Yang Fu.
He proposed to Yang Fu to use the soldiers who were about to be eliminated for farming. This not only resettles the soldiers who are about to retire, reduces the people's taxes, but also makes use of the abandoned land. It is really "killing three birds with one stone".
Shaoxi entered the DPRK in the fourth year, which was the time when Han Wei rejected Neo-Confucianism and attacked Zhao Ruyu. Prime Minister Liu Zheng, Neo-Confucian scholar Zhu Xi, and admonisher Huang Du all left the court.
You Zhonghong went up angrily and said: "When Your Majesty is worried about his residence, the number of imperial approvals cannot be issued by Zhongshu; the prime minister left Zhengzheng the day before yesterday, but he left without courtesy; the remonstrating officer Huang Du left, but he left without Zhongshu. When Zhu Xi, a close minister, went away, he did not follow the path. Since ancient times, there has never been a person who can think of himself as a wise man without giving up the prime minister, admonishing officials, and talking about officials.
I would like to return the most to Xi, and do not let the villain get his ambition. Cultivating trouble. "He dared to go against his will and face, and pointed his head directly at Ning Zong and Han Wei. This is indeed something that no one can do. Since the "Qingyuan Party Ban", he was included as a party member and was hit. He returned to Sichuan to serve in the Xuanfu Department, and often disobeyed Wu Xi, the deputy envoy of Xuanfu.
When Wu Xi rebelled, he had already returned to Nanchong. Xue Fu, the official of the Xuanfu Division, also came to Nanchong, Cheng Song, the envoy of Xuanfu, also came to Nanchong, and Liu Chongzhi, the chief minister, also came to Nanchong. You Zhonghong pointed to the book on the case that said "You died on the first month of Kaixi, Dingmao and January" and said to Xue Fu: I have promised my family that if Xi forces me to die, I will fill in the date.
You Zhonghong said to Xue Fu again: I have written to persuade Yang Fu to punish the thieves, but Yang Fu does not need me to discuss it. If Cheng Song is willing to use me, I will use my accumulated salary of 20,000 yuan to reward the soldiers and escort him to Chengdu.
As a result, Cheng Song left regardless. You Zhonghong sent his son You Si again to tell Liu Chongzhi about the righteousness of punishing thieves, but Chongzhi refused to listen.
This shows that You Zhonghong had extraordinary courage and courage, which led to the above-mentioned ideas and activities. If You Zhonghong had the power of a local official above Lu at that time, then the great contribution to defeating Wu Xi would not belong to An Bing and Yang Juyuan.
You Shi has always had a prosperous official career since he was a Jinshi in Zhongzhong, and he has never suffered any setbacks until he was granted the title of Duke of the Right Prime Minister. During this period, except for talking to Lizong about spiritual studies, discussing kingly principles, advising him to be pro-Confucian and obey his advice, to be respectful and self-disciplined, to practice moderation and love, and to select talents and principles, there were no special political achievements to speak of.
However, during Yousi's reign, it was the time when the Southern Song Dynasty was reviving, Lizong sought governance and established the status of Neo-Confucianism. Many talented people and people affected by the party ban were brought to the court, such as Fan Zhong, Zhen Dexiu, Wei Liaoweng, Zhao Kui, Yu [Wang Jie], etc., who all entered the court and took up their posts during this period. of.
Therefore, You Shi was called a righteous man in the court, and was named one of the "Four Wise Prime Ministers in Sichuan" by Yang Sheng'an in the Southern Song Dynasty. You's father and son pioneered the philosophy of human nature in Nanchong.
Neo-Confucianism originated in the Northern Song Dynasty. Zhu Xi in the Southern Song Dynasty was the master of Neo-Confucianism. He established a relatively complete system of objective idealist Neo-Confucian philosophy. When You Zhonghong entered the court, he assisted Zhao Ruyu in making strategies and "often lectured from Zhu Xi".
As a result, You Zhonghong accepted Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucian ideas. Zhu Xi also called You Zhonghong a strange scholar in Sichuan. When Zhu Xi was expelled from the court, he wrote a letter against it and demanded that Zhu Xi be "extremely returned".
Later, You Zhonghong was listed as a "pseudo-study" and was attacked. After his death, Liu Guangzu expressed his tomb: "Wow! The Qingyuan Party members visited the tomb of Gong."
"You Si's academic views were not only influenced by his father and his teacher Liu Guangzu, but also by the Neo-Confucian hero Wei Wei. Weng's influence. When Wei was an official in Tongchuan (today's Santai), he invited You Si to study Xingli.
You Si said: "In the 14th year of Jiading (1221), Yu Fang lived at home. Gongzhi went to Tongchuan County Zhai, and read the Book of Changes with friends, focusing on the old theories and discussing them.
"In this year, You Si became a Jinshi and began to serve as an official in the court. The next year, Wei Liaoweng was also summoned to the court, and their relationship became even better. In You Si's words: "I often talk about Yu".
His explanation of Wei's "if the person is outside and is convinced, it should be sent to the outside, and if the inside is within, the affection will not be close to the inside" is to "beat the knot and praise" (clap and applaud). It can be seen that You Shi was greatly influenced by Wei Liaoweng in Neo-Confucianism.
Therefore, when Emperor You Sitong discussed theory and governance, he fully embodied the heart-centered Neo-Confucianism. You Si Zai Quan and the Minister of Rites, Shi Shangshu, said: "If you want to fulfill the rites of Heaven, you should respect Heaven with all your heart. With your heart in mind, political affairs will be appropriate, your words and actions must be reasonable, and the rain will follow its order, and Yixia will be safe." His life.
"When You Si, the official minister of the Ministry of History, came to serve as a minister of Jingmen, and the emperor asked about the treatment, You Si said: "The power of one thought is enough to turn the world around,...one thought has time. If it is broken, it will be impossible to restore the general trend of the world. "You Si's discussion is to hold on to the heart and think about it as an omnipotent thing. This reflects both his Neo-Confucianism and Wei Liaoweng's subjectivity. Idealistic Neo-Confucian thought.
We know that Wei Liaoweng’s Neo-Confucianism came from Li Yi, who was a student of Zhu Xi. Zhu Xi-Li Yi-Wei Liaoweng-You Si, this line is very clear.
Therefore, the Jiaqing edition of "Nanchong County Chronicles·Waiji" says: "Nanchong You Zhonggong often received lectures from Zhu Wengong (Xi), and he had a profound understanding of human nature. So far, his reputation has been widely spread in the county. It is attributed to You's father and son. "Miscellaneous Records" also said: "After Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty went south, he wrote documents from the Central Plains. 4. Classical Chinese translation: Hu Meng, courtesy name Riyong.
Hu Meng, courtesy name Riyong, was a native of Anci, Youzhou. His great-grandfather Hu Yang was appointed as the governor of Zhuozhou, and his grandfather Hu Zhizhou was appointed as the governor of the Lulong Army.
Hu Meng could write articles when he was young. In the Later Han Dynasty, he was appointed as the county magistrate. When Zhao Siwan rebelled, the imperial court sent Guo Congyi to attack him. The county officials were all wearing short military uniforms, and Hu Meng was wearing loose Confucian clothes and had a calm demeanor. Congyi was surprised when he said: "Hu Meng is a literary celebrity and is not familiar with official affairs. "So I stopped asking any more questions. During the Guangshun period of the later Zhou Dynasty, Zhao Hui, who had returned to the German Army to Jiedu, served as the secretary in charge, and was called to the court to serve as Youshiyi, Zhishiguan, and Zhizhigao. Hu Meng's uncle and brother Hu Zai were Hanlin bachelors at that time, and the two brothers He controlled the internal and external orders of the imperial court and was known as the "Second Husband" at that time.
In the early Song Dynasty, he was promoted to Hanlin bachelor from Zhongshu Sheren. In the same year, he was demoted to Prince Zuo Zanshan because he violated the law by requesting private affairs from Qiu Hua. Gradually he was promoted to Zuo Buque, in charge of collecting taxes at Daming Market. In the sixth year of Qiande (968), he was appointed as Zhizhigao again and served as editor of the History Museum. During the Kaibao period, he was ordered to study the History of the Five Dynasties with Li Mu and others. "", approved "Ancient and Modern Materia Medica". In the fifth year of Kaibao's reign, he continued to preside over tribute examinations. Standing on the side of the hall is a record of current affairs, so the "Records of Wenzong" is more detailed. During the reign of Emperor Mingzong of the later Tang Dynasty, he also ordered the bachelors of Duanming Palace and the Privy Council Scholars to take turns compiling daily political affairs and sending them to the historians. Recently, these measures have been abolished. Although there is a diary in the inner palace every quarter, and the records of the Privy Council are sent to the history museum, the records only contain the remarks of the ministers and their farewells. The emperor's words and actions were not included. The reason is that the prime minister is worried about leaks, incorrect transmission, and the alienation of historians, so how can they know. It is hoped that from now on, all matters of sanctions and words of kindness, which come from the heart and can be written on the slips, will be entrusted to the prime minister and the political affairs minister to take turns to take charge of the transcription every month for the preparation of the history library. "The imperial court accepted it, and put Lu Duoxun, the counselor and political affairs minister, in charge of this matter.
In the first month of the ninth year of Kaibao, the emperor accepted worship in the Qianyuan Hall, and the kings from all over the country lined up beside him to declare great preparations. Hu Meng presented the "Ode to the Holy Gong", describing Taizu's achievements in accepting the Zen throne and unifying the world. He was praised by Lu Duoxun in his eloquent words and was transferred out of the capital to be appointed governor of Jiangling Prefecture.
When Taizong became emperor, he was called to the court and appointed as a scholar of Zhongshushe. He was soon appointed as a Hanlin scholar. He studied the "Records of Taizu" with Li Rifang in the fourth year of Taiping and Xingguo (979), and followed Taizong in his expedition to Taiyuan and returned to the court. , he was appointed Minister of the Ministry of Finance and was appointed as Chengzhi. In the third year of Yongxi's reign (986), he became ill and retired at the age of seventy-two.
Since the death of Zhang Zhao and Dou Yi, most of the imperial ceremony regulations were published by Hu Meng. At the beginning, Taizu accepted the Zen throne of the Later Zhou Dynasty, followed the four temples, and went to the countryside to worship his grandfather and declare his ancestor to heaven. When Taizong ascended the throne, the ceremonial officials believed that the royal family prospered because of Shun's suburbs, Ming's in the Shang's suburbs, and Houji's in the Zhou Dynasty's suburbs.
As for the Grand Duke of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty and Lord Nanton of Emperor Guangwu, although he had the dignity of the emperor's father, he could not enjoy the sacrifices of Peitian. Therefore, since the third and sixth years of the Taiping Xingguo period, the two outskirt worships have been performed with Taizu as the match for heaven, which is fair in terms of etiquette. When Taizong was about to go to the east to enshrine Zen, Hu Meng suggested: "There is no stricter father than Peitian. Please worship Xuanzu Peitian." Since the first year of Yongxi's reign, he left to enshrine Zen and held a suburban sacrificial ceremony, so Hu Meng's etiquette system was implemented. Knowledgeable people think this etiquette is unfair.
Hu Meng was a serious and kind-hearted person who did not talk about other people's rights and wrongs. He liked Buddhist scriptures and did not like killing people. The gentlemen and officials of Jin Dynasty called him a good man. He has a tendency to laugh, even in front of the emperor. He wrote many works, including twenty volumes of "Aoshan Collection" which is popular in the world. 5. Gao Niandong is a translator of humanistic Chinese
When Gao Niandong was at home, he was walking alone in the suburbs in Xia Yue, enjoying the coolness in the shade of willows by the embankment. A man arrived at the bottom of the embankment carrying earthenware. He was repeatedly unable to get on, so he called for the public to pull his cart. The public agreed happily. When Zhang Gai, the captain of Shixian County, arrived, he was surprised and said, "What's wrong with this Duke?" The Duke laughed and left.
The high-ranking officials sent their servants to wait for the Duke. The Duke and a group of children took a bath in the river. "The slave knelt down in the water to thank him, and the prince also answered in the water.
——When Gao Niandong was living at home as a young master, he was walking alone in the suburbs in summer. While enjoying the coolness in the shade of willows by the embankment, he saw a man pushing a cart loaded with pottery onto the river embankment. He pushed up the river bank several times without pushing up, and asked Gao Niandong to pull the cart. Gao Niandong happily agreed to him. Zhang Gai, the captain of Chacha County, came at this time and said in surprise: "Why would such a high-status person do such a thing?" Gao Niandong smiled and left.
A high official sent a servant to visit Gao Niandong. Gao Niandong was bathing in the river with a group of children. The servant also went down to wash, asked Gao Niandong to help him rub his back, and asked where Gao Shilang's home was. The child smiled and pointed at Gao Niandong and said, "That's it." The officer was so frightened that he knelt down in the water to apologize, and Gao Niandong also answered him in the water. 6. Please translate the extracurricular classical Chinese article "Rewards for Faith Must Be Punished"
The King of Yue asked Dr. Wen Zhong: "I plan to attack the Kingdom of Wu. Is it okay?" Wen Zhong replied: "Yes.
If we reward generously and are trustworthy, and punish harshly and decisively, there will be no problem in conquering Wu. If you want to know the outcome of this matter, why don't you burn the palace to test it?" In this case, the King of Yue gave the order. The palace was burned down, but no one among the people went to put out the fire.
So the King of Yue issued another order: "If the person who puts out the fire dies, he will be rewarded as if he died fighting the enemy; if he goes to put out the fire but does not die, he will be rewarded as if he defeated the enemy; if he does not put out the fire, he will be rewarded as if he defeated the enemy." "Those who surrender and flee will be punished as if they surrendered." After the order was given, some of the people who had smeared their bodies and were wearing wet clothes ran towards the fire, three thousand people on the left and three thousand people on the right. It can be seen from this that this was inevitable. Winning trend. 7. Classical Chinese translation of Liu Yingjie, courtesy name Zihe
Liu Yingjie, courtesy name Zihe, was a native of Weixian County (now Weifang, Shandong Province). In the 26th year of Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty, he passed the Jinshi examination. He was appointed as the head of the Ministry of Household Affairs and served as the Deputy Military Envoy of Jingxing County (Jingxing County is located in the western border of Hebei Province and the eastern foot of Taihang Mountain), and also managed the three passes (Shangdang Pass, Hukou Pass and Shixing Pass). This is also where Sanguan belongs to Jingxing. In the forty-third year of Jiajing's reign, he was promoted to the right political officer and the right censor of Qiandu, and managed Liaodong (the eastern and southern parts of today's Liaoning Province and the southeastern region of Jilin Province).
Later, my mother passed away and I went home to attend the funeral. In the first year of Longqing, he was appointed governor of Henan again. At that time, Ananda Khan (the leader of the Tumut tribe in Mongolia) invaded Shizhou and caused chaos in Shanxi. The emperor issued an edict to rescue him. By the time he arrived, the bandits had retreated. At that time, Geng Suiqing, the governor of Shuntian, was arrested for killing civilians and taking credit for killing bandits, and was replaced by his responsibilities.
Zhang Tingyu of the Qing Dynasty "History of the Ming Dynasty: Biography of Liu Yingjie": Liu Yingjie, courtesy name Zihe, was born in Wei. Jinshi in the 26th year of Jiajing reign. Head of the Household Grant Department. Li Jingxing was appointed deputy envoy, who also had jurisdiction over the three passes. The three passes belong to Jingxing Road since then. In the forty-third year, he participated in politics from Shanxi Province and promoted You Qiandu to be the censor, and patrolled Liaodong. Mother returns home from death. In the first year of Longqing, he started to Fu Henan.
I replied that there was a commotion in Shanxi due to the invasion of Shizhou, and the imperial edict was issued to go to the rescue. Already, the bandits have retreated. Geng Suiqing, the governor of Huishuntian, killed civilians as the first person to be arrested and punished, so he was replaced by Yingjie.
Extended information
Writing background:
After the Qing soldiers entered the Pass, on April Guihai (11th) in the second year of Shunzhi (1645), the Imperial Shi Zhao Jiding asked for the compilation of the "History of the Ming Dynasty" (Note: The record of Zhao Jiding's petition for the compilation of the "History of the Ming Dynasty" can be found in Volume 15 of "Records of the Ancestors of the Qing Dynasty", and He Guanbiao's "Research on the Compilation of the History of the Ming Dynasty during the Shunzhi Dynasty" first exposed this matter. But the Qing Dynasty There is no precise historical data to confirm when the imperial court decided to compile it.
The Ming History Museum was reopened in the fourth year of Kangxi (1665), but it was stopped in the 18th year of Kangxi (1679) due to the compilation of "Records of the Ancestors of the Qing Dynasty". ), with Xu Yuanwen as the supervisor, he began to compile the History of the Ming Dynasty. In the fourth year of Qianlong's reign (1739), the "History of the Ming Dynasty" was finalized and published. This is the longest compilation of official history books in the history of our country.
Author:
Zhang Tingyu (October 29, 1672 - April 30, 1755), also known as Hengchen and Yanzhai, was an outstanding statesman in the Qing Dynasty and a scholar in Tongcheng, Anhui Province.
Zhang Tingyu successively served as editor of "Personal Campaign to Pingding Shuobei", deputy director of "Provincial Grand Ceremony", "Records of the Holy Ancestors of the Qing Dynasty", "History of the Ming Dynasty", "History of the Four Dynasties", "Qing Dynasty Huidian" and "Shizong Shilu" 8. Translation of Dong Yun Zhuan in classical Chinese
Dong Yun, courtesy name Xiuzhao, was the son of the late General Dong He (Liu Bei). After the crown prince (Liu Chan) succeeded to the throne, Dong Yun was elected as the prince's minister.
Prime Minister Zhuge Liang was about to conquer Wei State and garrison it. Hanzhong, considering that the emperor was young and had difficulty distinguishing right from wrong; because Dong Yun had a fair heart and a bright vision, Zhuge Liang wanted to hand over the affairs of the palace to him, and wrote a memorial to the emperor: "Servants Guo Youzhi and Fei Yi. , Minister Dong Yun and others were promoted by the late emperor and left to your majesty. As for weighing trade-offs, planning benefits, and giving unreserved advice to your majesty, it is their responsibility, regardless of matters in the palace. If you discuss everything with them, you will definitely be able to make up for your mistakes and omissions and get greater benefits. If you do not hear the advice to encourage your majesty to carry forward your holy virtues, you should punish Dong Yun and others to show their neglect and dereliction of duty. " Soon, Zhuge Liang asked Fei Yi to join the army, and promoted Dong Yun to the position of Shizhong, and also served as Huben Zhonglang, commanding the palace guards. Guo Youzhi has always been gentle and docile, and he is just an official who makes up for the number. It is the task of giving advice and accepting opinions. , Dong Yun was responsible for all the affairs.
Dong Yun paid attention to formulating preventive measures in handling political affairs and fulfilled his responsibilities of correcting and rescuing the emperor. The number of concubines does not exceed twelve. Now that the empress has enough concubines and beauties, it should not be increased, so he always insists on not agreeing to choose beauties. The empress Liu Chan is more and more afraid of him and orders Jiang Wan to serve as Yi. The governor of the state, Shangshu, recommended Fei Yi and Dong Yun, and said: "Dong Yun has served in the palace for many years and assisted the royal family. He should be given a title and fief to commend his hard work and merit. "Dong Yun resolutely refused and refused to accept. As the queen grew up, he doted on the eunuch Huang Hao. Huang Hao was good at flattery, clever and cunning, and wanted to please the queen and get a job. Dong Yun often faced the eunuch with a serious look. Kuangzheng later reprimanded Huang Hao many times. Huang Hao was afraid of Dong Yun and did not dare to do anything wrong. Until Dong Yun's death, Huang Hao's position did not exceed Huang Mencheng's position. Fei Yi, Zhongdian Jun Hu Ji and others met for a banquet, and the carriages and horses were ready. Dong Hui, a doctor from Xiangyang, came to visit Dong Yun to express his respect. Dong Hui was young and had a humble official position. When he saw Dong Yun stop. When he went out to receive him, he hesitated and asked to leave. Dong Yun refused and said, "The reason why I want to travel is to have fun and talk with people who have similar interests." Now that you have deigned (to come to my house), you are about to express your longing for me after being away for many days. Giving up this conversation and going to that banquet was not my original intention.
So he asked people to untie the horses, and Fei Yi and others also stopped their horses and stopped going out to play. Dong Yun followed the right path, treated virtuous corporals, and generally behaved like this.
Yanxi In the sixth year (AD 243), Dong Yun was awarded the title of General of the Fuguo. In the seventh year of Yanxi (AD 244), he temporarily took charge of the post of minister and served as the deputy of the general Fei Yi. Died.