Second, the focus of short-term treatment overview
Solution-focused Short-Term Therapy (SFBT) is a way to make customers change their lives in the shortest possible time.
First, encourage visitors to describe the future they want-what their life will be like if the treatment is successful;
Second, list in detail the skills and resources they already have-examples of current and past success. Through these descriptions, tourists can decide how they should live.
Pay attention to the discussion process of short-term treatment
1. Initial meeting:
(1) Introduction: Make a simple understanding of visitors.
(2) Achieve the goal: Understand the goal achieved by visitors through talks. ("What do you hope to gain most after our talks?" )
(3) Describe the expected future: guide visitors to describe how to know that what they are most looking forward to has been realized. If all your hopes were realized, how would your life be different? )
(4) Identify successful examples that have happened: Once the expected future is described, the consultant can look for signs that have happened in the future life of the visitors. ("What happened to make your hope come true?" )
(5) Conclusion: Summarize, express appreciation for the future that visitors expect, and point out the successful experience.
2. Follow-up talks: Start direct talks directly from the fourth step and talk about what has changed since the last meeting. At the same time, use a ruler to clarify the progress of visitors and try to enlarge and consolidate the progress.
There are several main questioning skills in focus-solving short-term therapy:
1, miracle question: This allows visitors to create an "expected future". "Let's imagine that when you wake up tomorrow, your hope has come true. What differences will you start to notice? "
2. Measurement: assessment of progress. This will be mentioned repeatedly in the negotiation process. 10 means that their expected future has been realized. Assuming that the score of visitors is above 0, they can be asked to describe what they have done effectively, and at the same time, what is the sign of future progress.
3. Respond to questions: let visitors find their ability and advantages to endure difficult situations. Psychological counselors can't help them solve problems, but they may be able to help visitors cope with problems at their best.
From the visitor's point of view: "What did you do to prevent things from getting worse?"
Important person's point of view: "How can your good friend think that you haven't made things worse?"
4. Strategic question: "How did you do it?" On the one hand, it helps visitors to praise themselves, on the other hand, it causes visitors to think more intently about what behaviors have promoted progress.
5. Identity question: "What did you do to make this change happen? What are your strengths and qualities? " Pay attention to the self-description of visitors' possibilities, let visitors evaluate themselves, examine their own advantages and identify with themselves.
Focus-solving short-term therapy is a kind of postmodern consulting school. The difference between the traditional school and many post-modernism consulting schools is that the former focuses on exploring problems and usually revolves around the "surface/deep" difference. The anger and pain of visitors are considered as the external manifestations of more complicated motives. Motivation is hidden and "deep" and is considered more important. Consultants believe that unless these hidden and "deep-seated" things are solved, the change is short-lived, just like "covering up scars", and these activities are ineffective. This knowledge structure seems to be beyond the scope of visitors' knowledge, and it is not open to everyone, especially visitors.
Sfbt turns discussion into discussion and solution, and people will naturally change. Focus-solving psychological counselors work with visitors as the center, and try to stay with visitors without paying attention to deep things and confirming the cause and effect of the incident, which can also bring effective counseling and long-term changes.
Third, feelings
When discussing the use of focus to solve short-term conversations with classmates, we suddenly found that our brains have been deeply filled with problem-oriented instead of digging up action resources in focus.
Consultant: What has changed for the better since we last met?
Visitor: I just feel better.
Counselor: What have you done recently that you think might make you feel better?
We may focus on "where does it feel better?"
Consultant: What has changed for the better since we last met?
Visitor: No, it hasn't improved at all.
Consultant: Oh, even if nothing gets better, have you noticed anything that will make you happier? What do you think you did to prevent things from getting worse?
We might say, "You can think about it again. Things should get better."
Consultant: What has changed for the better since we last met?
Visitor: It's worse than before.
Counselor: I'm sorry that you went through such a difficult period. Even if you have to face many difficulties, how do you persist in facing them?
And we may think, "but you still come here for consultation. How did you do it?" . The assumption behind this sentence is: "since I'm here, it's definitely not that bad." This is likely to make visitors feel that they are not recognized and understood.
In fact, these three situations are concerned about the visitor's own behavior, and which behaviors make him better or at least not so bad are all positive guidance; Even if it gets worse, guide visitors to see that they continue to face these problems in their lives, giving them a feeling of hope and support.
These answers and questions are directional and targeted, aiming at facing advantages directly and digging deep into resources. If we can't do this in consultation, it seems that we can only follow the visitors like headless flies, and it is difficult to form a system, urging us to constantly comb and summarize and reflect on the summary in our study.
The language of consultation is also an art of conversation. For example, I heard that visitors had a bad moment in their lives. We may ask, "How did you handle it?" It seems that this will cause discomfort to visitors, so visitors may reply: "I didn't respond, I really can't do anything", in other words, "How did you get through so many hardships?"
In fact, the essence of the latter sentence and the previous sentence is to express the same meaning. The latter sentence first agrees with the emotional existence of the visitor, and then implies the understanding of the visitor. This expression seems to make visitors feel accepted and may think about your question.
This is the source of language art. The meaning may be the same, but the reaction is quite different. This requires not only theory, but also profound understanding and acceptance of visitors' shoes and improvisation. Only by constant practice and summary can a consultant be comfortable.
For a new field of study and a new consulting school, you can broaden your horizons, don't confine yourself to one side, and see more possibilities to find a direction that suits you better. The first step in the learning process is always imitation.
Practicing calligraphy, writing articles and learning techniques are all used in practical operation like formulas. After a lot of practice and reflection, some skills and techniques of sfbt can naturally reach the bottom with ease, thus forming a personal style.
Of course, this is a basic book focusing on short-term therapy. Although the listed cases are representative, they are not systematic enough because of the short space. We can only get a glimpse of this genre. If we want to communicate seriously, we should combine more operational and instructive books and take root in future practice.