Category: Introduction to calligraphers
Bai Juyi (772-846), Han nationality, with the courtesy name Letian and the late name Xiangshan Jushi, was born in Xiagui (now Weinan, Shaanxi) and is one of the most important figures in the history of Chinese literature. A famous and far-reaching poet and writer of the Tang Dynasty, he is known as the "Poetry Demon" and the "Poetry King". His poems have a wide influence in China, Japan, Korea and other countries. Together with Yuan Zhen, he initiated "New Yuefu Movement" is known as "Yuanbai" in the world. Bai Juyi's ancestral home was Taiyuan, Shanxi. His great-grandfather moved to Xiagu (sounding guī) (now north of Weinan, Shaanxi), and his grandfather Bai Huang moved to Sincheng, Henan. Bai Juyi was born in Dongguozhai Village (today's Dongguo Temple) in the west of Xinzheng City on the twentieth day of the first lunar month of the seventh year of the Dali calendar of Emperor Daizong of the Tang Dynasty (February 28, 772 AD). Bai Juyi lived in Xiangshan, Luoyang for a long time in his later years, and was known as "Xiangshan Jushi". In August of the sixth year of Wuzong Huichang (AD 846), Bai Juyi died in Luoyang and was buried in Xiangshan, Luoyang at the age of 75. After his death, Li Chen, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem to commemorate him and said: "For sixty years, who taught me how to become a poetry immortal on the dark road? The floating clouds are not named Juyi, and the inaction of nature is named Lotte. A boy interprets the song "Eternal Regret" , Hu'er can sing "Pipa", the article has been widely read, and once I thought of Qing, I was the author of seventy-one volumes of "Bai Shi Changqing Collection".
In his later years, Bai Juyi became the crown prince Shaofu. He was given the posthumous title "Wen" and was known as Bai Fu and Bai Wengong in the world. In literature, he actively advocated the New Yuefu Movement, advocating that "articles should be combined to form a brief introduction to Bai Juyi, and songs and poems should be combined to form an event." He wrote many poems that lamented the times and reflected the people's sufferings, which had a great influence on later generations. A very important poet in the history of Chinese literature. During the Yuanhe period, he served as a Hanlin scholar and Zuo Zanshan doctor. Because he offended the powerful, he was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima. He became a Buddhist in his later years. He wrote many poems throughout his life, among which allegorical poems are the most famous. His language is easy to understand and he is known as "the old woman can understand it". Among the narrative poems, "Pipa Play" and "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" are extremely famous.
Deng Xiaoda once said: "It is precisely because the old woman can understand Bai Letian's poems that the status of his poems in the hearts of the people has been established."
Bai Juyi's poems were widely circulated at that time. , from the palace to the people, it is everywhere, and its reputation has spread as far as Xinjiang, North Korea, and Japan. Bai Juyi's poems had a huge influence on later literature. Pi Rixiu in the late Tang Dynasty, Lu You in the Song Dynasty, Wu Weiye and Huang Zunxian in the Qing Dynasty were all inspired by Bai Juyi's poems. Bai Juyi's poetry has the greatest influence in Japan. He is Japan's favorite poet of the Tang Dynasty. His poems can often be quoted in Japanese classical novels. It can be said that in the hearts of Japanese people, Bai Juyi is the poet of the Tang Dynasty in China. Man of the hour.
In his later years, he became friendly with Liu Yuxi and called him Bai Juyi. His poems are very distinctive and known for their bright style, which is highly praised by later generations of poets.
Bai Juyi's main works include: "Song of Everlasting Sorrow", "Pipa Play", "Farewell with Ancient Grasses", "Spring Journey to Qiantang Lake", "Ode to the Dusk River", "Recalling the South of the Yangtze River", "Peach Blossoms in Dalin Temple", "Tong Li" "Reminiscing about Yuanjiu when drunk on the 11th", "Zhizhong Shusheng", "Saurus of Love", "Inscriptions on Yueyang Tower", "Viewing the Cutting of Wheat", "Gong Ci", "Asking Liu Shijiu", "Buying Flowers", "Since the Henan Pass, the Hungry Brothers Separated "Everyone is in one place because of hope"
In his early years, Bai Juyi was enthusiastic about helping the world, emphasizing the political function of poetry, and striving to be popular. He wrote about sixty poems in "New Yuefu" and "Qin Zhongyin", which indeed achieved "the only "Songs cause disease among the people" and "Every sentence must comply with the rules" are both famous historical poems together with Du Fu's "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells". The long narrative poems "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" and "Pipa Play" represent his highest artistic achievements. In his middle age, he suffered setbacks in the officialdom. "Since then, I have been separated from my official career, and I have never said anything about worldly affairs." However, he still wrote many good poems and did many good deeds for the people. There is still a Baidi in Hangzhou's West Lake to commemorate him. . In his later years, he paid great attention to landscapes and wrote some short poems. A poem presented to Liu Yuxi goes: "Don't listen to the old songs and old songs, but listen to the new words "Willow Branches"", which shows that he has composed some new words by himself. One of them, "Flowers Are Not Flowers", has a hazy beauty.