Who has been to Jinan since ancient times?

1On October 27th, Mao Zedong came to Jinan. According to the guards, they were accompanied by Luo Ruiqing and Xu. "Do you know how Shandong and Jinan came?" Mao Zedong asked when chatting with everyone. Although we all know the geographical position and present situation of Shandong and Jinan today, we dare not say the specific history. Seeing that no one answered, Mao Zedong began to talk about history: "Shandong is the earliest place where our Chinese nation lived, and it is also one of the birthplaces of ancient culture in China. BC16th century, Shang Tang was destroyed and a slave country was established, with its capital in Bo, south of present-day Cao County. Qi, the ancestor of Shang Dynasty, once lived in Fanfan, which is today's tengxian. The early activities of Shang Dynasty were in western Shandong and eastern Henan. This incident spread to Sun (), and his power reached the present Bohai Sea area, with its capital in Tai 'an. Merchants also built their capital in Surabaya. Until Pan Geng, the 20th king of Shang Dynasty, moved to Yin, which is today's Anyang. "Zhou Wuwang destroyed business, in order to strengthen the control of the conquered areas, made a big bag. In Shandong, Cao, Teng, Qi, Lu and other countries were enfeoffed. But it is mainly Qilu, which is why Shandong is also called Qilu. The leader of Qi is, and the leader of Lu is the eldest son of Duke Zhou. Qilu was called "Zou Lu" or "Qi Qing" and "Mountain Left" in ancient times. Qilu is located in the east of Taihang Mountain, so the ancient' Shandong' sometimes refers to Qilu, but sometimes the concept of Shandong is bigger than Qilu. By the Warring States period, only seven great powers were left to compete for hegemony. People are bounded by Hanguguan, with Qin in the west and Shandong in the east. " Shandong, as the name of the highest local administrative region, began in the Jin Dynasty. Shandong, a rich land, has nurtured descendants of the Chinese people and many celebrities. It is said that Shun Di and Dayu among the Three Emperors and Five Emperors once lived here. Confucius, Mencius, Zuo Qiuming, Sun Wu, Sun Bin, Zhuge Liang, Wang Xizhi, Huang Chao, Li Qingzhao, Xin Qiji, Qi Jiguang and Pu Songling. They are all from Shandong. They have won honor for Shandong and contributed to the history of China. Mao Zedong talked about Jinan patiently and methodically: "Jinan is also an ancient place. "Why is it called Jinan? It turns out that there was a big river here in ancient times, which originated from the King of Wu in Henan and entered the sea from Shandong Peninsula. It's called Jishui. In ancient times, Jishui, Yellow River, Huaihe River and Yangtze River were called the four major rivers in China. Later, the upstream of Jishui changed, and the downstream was called Daqing River, but it was still called Jishui. In the fifth year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1855), in June, the Yellow River changed its course in Tonghua, Henan Province, and the river flowed into Daqing River to seize the riverbed and enter the sea. Later, it was called the Yellow River, and the name of water saving was gone. Now the Yellow River in the northern suburb of Jinan is the ancient Daqing River, which uses the old riverbed to help water. Because Jinan is in the south of Jishui, it has been called Jinan since the Han Dynasty. The location of Jinan in Han Dynasty is called Ping Ling City, which is located in the northeast of Longshan Town in the eastern suburb of Jinan City. In the Western Han Dynasty, Jinan was changed to a county, and then it was restored to China. Cao Cao was once the prime minister of Jinan. " To the Jin Dynasty, the Jinan County Government moved from Ping Ling to Licheng, now the old city of Jinan. Now Jinan has officially become the seat of the county seat, and after expansion and transformation, it has become a medium-sized city taking shape. And the original Ping Ling city gradually declined. "In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Jinan County belonged to Qingzhou. When Emperor Wendi was in Sui Dynasty, Jinan was changed to qi zhou, and it was changed back soon. Jinan in Tang Dynasty belongs to Jinan Road. Political separation in Song Dynasty, Jinan belongs to JD.COM Road. Ceng Gong, one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties", became well-known in qi zhou and made outstanding contributions to urban construction. In the early Ming Dynasty, Shandong was established as a province, with Licheng County as its capital. Then Jinan has always been the provincial capital city. " Mao Zedong lit another cigarette and continued: "Jinan has been a transportation hub, an important town in the north and a famous cultural city since ancient times. The story of Meng Jiangnv crying at the Great Wall took place in the south of Jinan. It was Qi Great Wall that she was crying, not Qin Changcheng. Great poets Du Fu, Li Bai and Su Shi have all been to Jinan. Xin Qiji, Li Qingzhao and Pu Songling have lived here for a long time. Therefore, Jinan has had the reputation of' poetry city' and' many celebrities' since ancient times. " When Mao Zedong came to the First Spring, he asked, "Do you know the ancient name of this spring?" A local comrade said, "Dragon Water!" "yes." Mao Zedong said, "According to the Spring and Autumn Annals, in 694 BC, Lu Huangong and Qi Xianggong met in Dragon, which is the place. Dragon, a water name, was more than 2,600 years ago! " Then Mao Zedong looked at Shu Yuquan, a spring in memory of the poet Li Qingzhao. Mao Zedong praised Li Qingzhao not only for her good writing style, but also for her patriotism. After seeing the Lixia Pavilion, Mao Zedong went to the Arctic Pavilion on the other side. He took the Arctic Pavilion seriously and said humorously, "We are in the command post of the king!" " Looking at the pavilion from a distance, you can see the whole lake. Mao Zedong discussed with comrades around him that this Arctic Pavilion, also called Zhenwu Temple, is a Taoist temple. It is said that Taoism flourished in Jinan during the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, and Qiu Chuji, the founder of Quanzhen Sect, once preached in Jinan. This Arctic Pavilion was built in the Yuan Dynasty, with hundreds of stone steps up and down, including a statue of Zhenwu the Great. (Mao Zedong Jiangshan Guide, pages1148 ~149, 1 153) 654381October 28th, at Nanfeng Temple. (Wu Xiaomei's On-the-spot Record of Mao Zedong's Inspection in the Countryside, Hunan Literature and Art Publishing House, September, 1999, pp. 20 ~ 2 1) On the same day, Mao Zedong took advantage of the opportunity to come to Shandong to visit Daming Lake by yacht. Li Shandong Branch, deputy director of United Front Work Department, tour guide. Pointing to the ancient buildings in the north, he asked Li, "What are the names of those buildings?" Li replied, "That's Zhanggong Temple and Nanfeng Temple." Hearing Zhang Gong-Zhang Yao, Mao Zedong excitedly and humorously asked everyone: "Do you know that Zhang Yao is afraid of women?" This question made all comrades laugh and said they didn't know. At this time, Mao Zedong told the story of Zhang Yao. Mao Zedong talked about Zhang Yao's promotion from an employee to the governor of Shandong Province, and told everyone that Zhang Yao was illiterate and relied on his wife to handle official documents. Zhang Yao carved an "illiterate" seal and took it with him as a self-encouragement to learn from his wife modestly. By studying hard, you can understand the history of literature and write a good hand. Why don't frogs in Daming Lake bark? I also want to know. But at least scientific common sense tells me that it is because the lake is cold. It goes without saying that the water source of Daming Lake spews or spits out from many springs in Quancheng, and the groundwater temperature is low. However, I vaguely heard that there seems to be a story. So, I asked people around me and found nothing. It's just that I like to get to the bottom of things, and I don't want to question anything forever. Just like the question about the poem written by Daiyu and Xiangyun on the Mid-Autumn Festival night in A Dream of Red Mansions, the last two sentences are "crossing the crane shadow with rock sugar, and Leng Yue burying the flower soul". The thing is this: I went to a classmate's house and talked about it when I was chatting. I said it was "burying the soul of poetry" and my classmate's children said it was "burying the soul of flowers". Because I have seen it many times and trust my memory. Because my book was published in the 1970s, I'm really not sure. After returning to China, I made a phone call to the editorial department of classical literature of People's Literature Publishing House, and the other party said: Both are OK. I asked, "Which is more suitable?" A: "Bury the flower soul". Q: "What is the reason?" A: "Because the story happened after Daiyu buried the flowers." I'm basically satisfied. This time, I did the same thing, called Daming Lake Park. The other party asked, "Do you want science or folklore?" I said, "People." The management of Daming Lake Park patiently explained it to me, and I can understand it. It turns out that this story involves the emperor. Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty visited the south incognito, passed by Jinan and stayed at Li Xia Pavilion. Speaking of Lixia Pavilion, it has a long history. Mao Zedong 1952 10 took a 7-day vacation in the last ten days of 10, and visited here in three days in Shandong. Of course, our leaders can't be compared with the ancient emperors. The building of Lixia Pavilion dates back to 1500 years ago, which is the "guest pavilion" in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and it has been changed several times since then. After the Song Dynasty, the pavilion was moved to Daming Lake, and it was not built in the lake until the thirty-second year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty (1693). Pointing to the couplet "Pavilion is ancient in the Right Sea, but there are many celebrities in Jinan", Mao Zedong said to his entourage: The reason why Lixia Pavilion is famous in the world is mainly because the great poet Du Fu visited his brother Du Ying in Linyi, qi zhou in 745 AD, and then went to Jinan to meet with the famous calligrapher and Beihai Taishou at that time. At that time, Du Fu wrote a famous poem "Celebrating the Pavilion with Li Beihai", and the couplets were among them. This pavilion is very ordinary, located on the island in the middle of Daming Lake. Because it involves celebrities, it is famous. Where there is a fairy, there is a name, and there is a dragon, there is a spirit! The emperor is a real dragon emperor, more elegant than ordinary people. The "Pearl Spring" imperial plaque was made by Qianlong. At that time, Mao Zedong praised the Imperial Monument and said, "Gan Long is such a performer that he writes wherever he goes." Because the Pearl Spring is in the courtyard of a big institution, few people go to see it. Gan Long watched all the way and wrote an inscription. He was probably tired, so he stayed at the Lixia Pavilion. Immortals from all walks of life showed their magical powers, and at one time, the snake dancing and frog croaking in Daming Lake all showed their sincerity in welcoming the emperor. Qianlong originally needed peace. This noise affected Qianlong's mood, so he made an imperial edict: "If the frog doesn't bark, the snake enters the hole." After that, when you go to Daming Lake, you will not only hear frogs, but also never see snakes again! In fact, Jinan is famous mainly because of its spring, otherwise, it will lose the reputation of "Spring City". Baotu Spring, the first spring in the world, has many legends. When Mao Zedong was drinking tea here, he said humorously, "Our treatment is really high! Everyone has enjoyed the treatment of Qianlong! " It turned out that it was said that Emperor Qianlong went down to the south of the Yangtze River and began to drink Yuquan water brought from Beijing. When I arrived in Jinan, I tasted the water from Baotu Spring and thought it was better than Yuquan Water. It is called "Yuquan Baotu Spring" and named Baotu Spring as "the first spring in the world". Since then, tourists have come here to taste water and tea, and there is a saying that "if you don't drink water, you will travel to Jinan". "Shu Yuquan" is named after Li Qingzhao, a poetess in the Song Dynasty, and is located in the spring water of Baotu Spring Park. To the north of the park, there is a spring group in Wulongtan Park. To the east is the Black Tiger Spring Group, which is very close. When Mao Zedong was watching the Black Tiger Spring, he said humorously, "Tigers in Jinan don't bite, they just spit!" The water source of Daming Lake comes from many springs and gathers in Daming Lake. It seems that the spring in Jinan is still quite United! There is also the "Qianfo Mountain" in the south. Its earliest name was Shungeng Mountain, and Dashun once worked here! So far, there are Shungeng Mountain Villa and Shungeng Road, which is proof.