Longmen Grottoes not only have exquisite grotto statues and rich calligraphy of inscriptions, but also show the beauty of art through literature, music, humanities, religious architecture, medicine and other forms. It is "the largest open-air stone carving art museum in China".
Longmen Grottoes were excavated before and after Emperor Xiaowen moved to Luoyang in the Northern Wei Dynasty. After the construction of the Western Wei Dynasty, the Eastern Wei Dynasty, the Northern Qi Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasties and the Song Dynasty, there were 2,345 grottoes 1 km, more than 65,438+10,000 statues and more than 2,800 inscriptions.
Since its completion, Longmen Grottoes have suffered two most serious man-made damages. The first is the "Huichang Law Difficulty" that was publicly destroyed by the government during the Tang Wuzong period. At present, many destroyed relics in Longmen were formed at this time.
The second time it was destroyed by the Republic of China, the government of the Republic of China prepared for moving the capital from Nanjing to Luoyang, and when building a road near the Yihe River west of Longmen Mountain, it also blew up a large number of foothill shrines.
During this period, a large number of private thefts appeared, led by Japanese and American businessmen who bought cultural relics openly, and the people set off a crazy piracy movement. It was at this time that the famous Longmen Grottoes "The Empress's Ceremony" was stolen to America.
Longmen Grottoes has the largest number of ancient forest of steles in China, which Wuyi called in Qing Dynasty: "Longmen is both a stone carving Buddha field and an ancient forest of steles".
There are more than 2,860 inscriptions in the whole cave, among which Chu Suiliang's Twenty Longmen Inscriptions, One Que Buddhist Shrine Inscription and Longmen Inscription are famous, which fully show the essence of China calligraphy art such as Wei Bei and calligraphy style.
Twenty products of Longmen are selected from 20 statues of the Northern Wei Dynasty, of which 19 are in Guyang Cave and only one is in Cave 660 (Cixiang Cave) outside Laolong Cave. Its style combines the strengths of North and South calligraphy, and it is vigorous and powerful, forming a unique artistic beauty.
Now, when we come here, the existing statues can still bring a visual feast and spiritual baptism, but those treasures that have disappeared in the past will be preserved in history by future generations.
I recommend reading the following books and materials about grottoes, which have very detailed records, more detailed and comprehensive than hundreds of words in the answer.
And the following materials in Longmen Grottoes are all from the ancient books museum? And they are all electronic versions of Longmen Grottoes.
Complete Sculptures of China Grottoes Volume 10: Eight Southern Provinces
Complete Sculptures of China Grottoes Volume 65438 +0 Dunhuang
The Complete Works of China Grottoes Sculpture Volume 2 Gan Jia
The Complete Works of China Grottoes Sculpture Volume 3 Yungang
Complete Sculptures of China Grottoes Volume 4 Longmen
The Complete Works of China Grottoes Sculpture Volume 5 Ningxia, Shaanxi
China Grottoes Sculpture Complete Works Volume 6 Six Northern Provinces
Complete Sculptures of China Grottoes Volume 7: Dazu
China Grottoes Sculptures Volume 8: Sichuan and Chongqing.
The Complete Works of China Grottoes Sculpture Volume 9 Yunnan Guizhou Guangxi Tibet
China Grottoes Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes Volume 1
China Grottoes Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes Volume 2
China Grottoes Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes Volume 3
China Grottoes Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes Volume 4
China Grottoes Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes Volume 5
Kumutura Grottoes in China Grottoes
China Grottoes Longmen Grottoes Volume 1
China Grottoes Longmen Grottoes Volume 2
China Grottoes Tianshui Maijishan Grottoes
China Grottoes Yongjing Bingling Temple Grottoes
China Grottoes Yungang Grottoes Volume 1
China Grottoes Yungang Grottoes Volume 2
Complete Works of Dunhuang Grottoes 1 Reproduction of Dunhuang
Complete Works of Dunhuang Grottoes 10 Tantric Paintings
Complete works of Dunhuang Grottoes 1 1 Lengga warp axis.
Complete Works of Dunhuang Grottoes 13 Pattern Volume (I)
Complete Works of Dunhuang Grottoes 14 Volume (Part Two)
Complete Works of Dunhuang Grottoes 16 Music Picture Scroll
Complete Works of Dunhuang Grottoes 17 Dance Scroll.
Complete Works of Dunhuang Grottoes 18 Landscape Painting
Complete Works of Two Statues in Dunhuang Grottoes
Complete Works of Dunhuang Grottoes: 20 Treasures of the Cave of Tibetan Scriptures
Complete works of Dunhuang Grottoes 2 1 architectural picture scroll
Dunhuang Grottoes Complete Works 22 Grottoes Architecture Volume
Complete works of Dunhuang Grottoes: 23 scientific and technological pictures
Complete works of Dunhuang Grottoes: 25 folk paintings
Complete Works of Dunhuang Grottoes: 26 Traffic Paintings
Complete Works of Dunhuang Grottoes: Three Paintings of the Story of Birth and Fate
The Complete Works of Six-Li Tibetan Scripture Paintings in Dunhuang Grottoes
Complete works of Dunhuang Grottoes (8 statues)
The Complete Works of Dunhuang Grottoes 9 Thanksgiving Map