1. Can primary school composition be imitated?
In the current primary school composition teaching, a considerable number of Chinese teachers place too much emphasis on the role and function of imitation.
Especially for senior students, the teaching of homework classes is still mainly based on imitation writing. As a result, some students will not write if they don’t imitate, and there will be no content to write if they don’t imitate. As a result, disadvantages such as making up plots, scribbling, plagiarism, and copying appear in the exercises.
In this way, it naturally affects the improvement of students' writing ability. So, how can we avoid the misunderstanding of imitating composition in primary school teaching and quickly improve writing skills? This requires teachers to boldly explore in the teaching of homework classes.
In my many years of coaching career, my approach is: 1. Clear goals and correct teaching ideas. The primary school Chinese teaching syllabus points out: "Composition teaching should not only cultivate students' ability to use words to form sentences, layout and composition, but also cultivate students' ability to observe and analyze things."
This is the purpose of primary school composition teaching Target. Composition teaching must focus on cultivating these two abilities of students.
The syllabus also emphasizes: "These two abilities must be cultivated from the first grade." Therefore, when formulating the composition teaching plan, composition teaching that combines reading and writing should be followed The idea is to require middle and senior students to write examples that reflect real life.
In the usual teaching of homework classes, we must "do everything by hand", focus on enriching students' lives, guiding and observing life, work hard outside the text, and expand the content of writing. Before each composition, there must be Life practice. 2. Appreciate new reading questions and cultivate interest in writing. Reading is the basis of writing, and good essays are very attractive to primary school students.
Most of the texts in the unified textbooks are excellent works with both beautiful text and quality, and have been tempered for a long time. In order to cultivate students' writing interests and writing skills, I pay special attention to guiding students to read and appreciate.
Learning interest is an important driving force for students' learning activities. Therefore, students are guided to carefully understand the vivid content of the article, and are required to read it thoroughly, pay attention to recitation, and carefully appreciate the author's ingenuity, so that students can continuously increase their interest in writing while absorbing knowledge and improving skills.
Inspire them to express the nutrients they absorb and digest (language, writing, knowledge, etc.) through homework exercises. Of course, this kind of "expression" is by no means a mechanical imitation, but a dynamic reference and flexible application.
One year, the school’s teaching building happened to be renovated during the summer vacation. I wrote the proposition composition "The New Look of Campus" according to local conditions.
I am particularly interested in learning the exercises. After reading it, I found that there have been breakthroughs in the content of the exercises, the depth of understanding, and some new ideas in expression. Here are a few excerpts: "The walls of the teaching building are pink, like a gorgeous cloud holding up a building."
"The 'herringbone' shaped roof looks redder and pinker in the sun. What a majestic body!” At the end of the exercise, one student couldn’t help but exclaim: “Ah! The changes in our school symbolize the changes in our lovely motherland.” Primary school students are characterized by their innocence and curiosity.
They are more sensitive to new things and full of interest. They like fantasy and imagination, hate adult preaching, hate dull and boring life, and hate old-fashioned composition topics. If the topic is old and outdated, students will be indifferent and lack enthusiasm for what they write about.
If you don’t express your feelings and don’t express your words, it will naturally be difficult to write a good article. Such as "An Unforgettable Thing", "Remembering an Thing in the Winter (Summer) Vacation", "Plans for the New Semester", etc. Students in primary schools have to write these types of essays countless times, copying the contents of old composition texts. There is no shortage of them.
How can we arouse the interest of primary school students in writing? Therefore, in the teaching of homework classes, special attention should be paid to the thinking and design of essay topics. In terms of propositions, avoid being rigid or cliche, and strive to be novel, interesting, and emotional.
Such as "When the weather is the coldest", "Teacher's white hair", "Moving scene", "Mom and Dad, how much I want to tell you", "Festival, the most lively here" , "Today, I am a guest at my classmate's house" and other essay titles, students find them interesting at first glance. In this way, putting the topic in the students' hearts will strengthen the topic's ability to induce the desire to write and easily arouse students' desire for expression.
The students will have something to say, express their feelings, and have reasons to discuss, thereby achieving an artistic conception of not vomiting or being unhappy, and their writing level will also be improved unconsciously. 3. Guidance and observation to improve writing level. Paying attention to guidance and observation is an effective and fast way to quickly improve students' writing level.
Guide direct observation. First, students are taught observation knowledge, including the purpose of observation, the order of observation, the focus of observation, and even the observation of characteristics.
The observation compositions specified in Chinese textbooks, including writing about plants, animals, scenery, characters, things, scenes, etc., must be carefully guided one by one and trained step by step. For example, after teaching texts such as "Ivy's Feet" and "Peanut", students are guided to go home and carefully observe the plants, and write a semi-propositional composition: My favorite plant——.
There was a classmate who was not very good at writing. This time he did as he was asked and wrote "Sunflower". The result was very distinctive. After I gave him verbal praise in the class, I also added his The exercises are posted on the class learning area. After the students saw it, their interest in doing the homework became even stronger.
Guide indirect observation. Indirect observation refers to looking at what others have observed and written, that is, reading other people's articles.
Indirect observation provides Chinese materials and various knowledge for direct observation. At the same time, it also learns other people’s writing experience, which is a necessary condition for direct observation. Therefore, it is necessary to read a large number of extracurricular books and give full play to the role of the school library.
At the same time, students should be fully mobilized to subscribe to newspapers and periodicals suitable for their own reading, organize various extracurricular reading activities, write targeted notes on reading experience, combine observation and expression for simultaneous training, and observe more time. Think more, compare more, imagine more. When writing, you can use reasonable imagination to express or write the image characteristics of things.
4. Be targeted and promote free writing. Promote free writing in a targeted manner.
Students conduct specified observation content within the specified time without propositions. The purpose is to allow students to "let go and write". This method encourages students not to be bound by the traditional composition framework, and to be able to run their thoughts freely and focus on the writing as they please.
For example, in a self-study class, a sparrow suddenly flew into the classroom. The quiet classroom immediately started to boil. Some students closed the doors and windows, some took brooms and bamboo poles, and some students were talking to each other. 2. How to imitate effectively when primary school students write essays
A brief discussion on how primary school students imitate essays
Imitation is the nature of children, and children are limited by factors such as knowledge, experience, and emotion. , and image thinking dominates, so imitation is one of their psychological needs and one of the basic ways for children to learn language. Imitation writing is not a new term, but practical experience tells us that imitation writing can slow down the difficulty of students' writing, allowing them to go from reading to writing, from not being able to write to being able to write, and transforming the vivid life scenes around them into distinctive personalities. The language and characters help them successfully build a bridge between reading and writing, and successfully complete the transition from books to life. Imitation is still an effective way to improve students' writing skills. "Read more, write more, pay attention to accumulation" is the foundation; "Practice one lesson at a time, persevere" is the key. I mainly guide students in writing from the following aspects.
1. Fragment imitation
Beautiful fragments and distinctive fragments are the objects of our imitation. We studied the article "Landscapes of Guilin". The sentences describing the quietness, clearness and greenness of the Lijiang River are very beautiful. After leading everyone to read it emotionally, I asked everyone, can you imitate her and write a paragraph? The classmates looked embarrassed. I said, the teacher has written a paragraph, please listen to it. After hearing what I said, everyone became energetic and stretched their necks.
I said: "Spring is here and the flowers are in full bloom. I walked into the park and was intoxicated by the scenery in front of me. There are so many flowers in the park. At a glance, the garden is full of colorful flowers, like a sea of ??flowers; the flowers in the park are so beautiful. , red like clouds, white like snow, yellow like gold; the flowers in the park are so fragrant, attracting swarms of bees and butterflies, they dance among the flowers and can't bear to leave. A brief discussion on how primary school students imitate compositions A brief talk about how primary school students imitate compositions. "As soon as I finished reading, some students started laughing, and I asked, "Why are you laughing?" They said, "The teacher copied it exactly." I said. , Imitation is also a writing method, you can also imitate me and write. As a result, the students were very excited and eager to give it a try. As a result, some students wrote that the food cooked by their mother was really good, in terms of color, smell, and taste; some wrote that the weather was really cold, and the bare branches of the small trees on the roadside were Shivering in the cold wind, pedestrians on the street shrank their necks, and even the breath people exhaled turned white.
2. Structural imitation
Primary school students who are new to writing often don’t know how to express themselves. They think hard but find it difficult to write. The reason is that they don’t know how to conceive an article, including how to start and end; At this time, if he gave her a cane to support him, he would get through the difficulty smoothly. Model essays are a crutch to help students learn to write essays. For example, the text "White Goose" is written in the order of "total score". The structure is very clear and it is a model for students to imitate. After finishing the text, students can be guided to follow the structure of the text and describe the animals they are familiar with and like. After understanding the writing method of total score, continue to expand and practice writing other articles, articles about people, scenes and objects. Students will have rules to follow, and it will be much easier to write.
3. Language imitation
During the teaching, it was found that many students' compositions have dry language and lack of literary talent, which is the reason why they cannot apply what they have learned in Chinese language learning. There are many ways for primary school students to learn language, such as forming words, making sentences, reading or reciting... all of them will provide students with good language influence, and imitation is also a good way. There is a group of texts describing animals in the first volume of the fourth grade Chinese language published by the People's Education Press: Mr. Lao She's "Cat" and "Hen", whose language is friendly, natural and unpretentious; Mr. Feng Zikai's "White Goose" uses anthropomorphic techniques The white goose described is like an arrogant general; the humorous and ridiculing language of the Russian "White Goose" is unforgettable. Each of the four articles has its own characteristics and is a model for students to accumulate language. For this reason, after studying the text, we lost no time in guiding students to practice: "Little Animals I Like"; "People I Familiar". Students successfully imitated articles such as "Little Pigeon" and "Puppy".
4. From Imitation to Creation
Composition is the artistic representation of life, it is just the conversion of oral language into written language. A brief discussion on how primary school students imitate composition 3. Third grade: How to guide children to imitate compositions
Imitation is the nature of children. Children are limited by knowledge, experience, emotion and other factors, and their image thinking dominates. Therefore, imitation is a psychological need for them, and it is also One of the basic ways for children to learn language.
Imitation is not a new term, but practical experience tells us that imitation can slow down the difficulty of students' writing, allowing them to go from reading to writing, from not being able to write to being able to write, and bringing life around them to life. Transforming life pictures into distinctive language and words, helping them successfully build a bridge between reading and writing, and successfully complete the transition from books to life. Imitation is still an effective way to improve students' writing skills.
"Read frequently, write more, and focus on accumulation" is the foundation; "Practice one lesson at a time, persevere" is the key. I mainly guide students in writing from the following aspects.
1. Fragment Imitation Beautiful fragments and distinctive fragments are the objects of our imitation. We studied the article "Guilin Landscape". The sentences describing the quietness, clearness and greenness of the Lijiang River are very beautiful. After leading everyone to read it emotionally, I asked everyone, can you imitate her and write a paragraph? The classmates looked embarrassed.
I said, the teacher has written a paragraph, please listen to it.
After hearing what I said, everyone became energetic and stretched their necks.
I said: "Spring is here and the flowers are in full bloom. I walked into the park and was intoxicated by the scenery in front of me. There are so many flowers in the park. At a glance, the garden is full of colorful flowers, like a sea of ??flowers. ;The flowers in the park are so beautiful, red like clouds, white like snow, and yellow like gold; the flowers in the park are so fragrant, attracting swarms of bees and butterflies, they dance among the flowers and can't bear to leave "
As soon as I finished reading, some students started laughing, and I asked, "Why are you laughing?" They said, "The teacher took the photo exactly."
p>I said, imitation is also a way of writing. You can also imitate me and write. As a result, the students were very excited and eager to give it a try. As a result, some students wrote that the food cooked by their mother was really good, in terms of color, smell, and taste; some wrote that the weather was really cold, and the bare branches of the small trees on the roadside were Shivering in the cold wind, pedestrians on the street shrank their necks, and even the breath people exhaled turned white.
2. Structure Imitation Primary school students who are new to writing often don’t know how to express themselves. They think hard but find it difficult to write. The reason is that they don’t know how to conceive an article, including how to start and end it. At this time, if you give her a Give him some support with the crutch and he will get through it smoothly. Model essays are a crutch to help students learn to write essays.
For example, the text "White Goose" is written in the order of "total score". The organization is very clear and it is a model for students to imitate. After finishing the text, students can be guided to follow the structure of the text and describe the animals they are familiar with and like.
After understanding the writing method of total score, continue to expand and practice writing other articles, articles about people, scenes and objects. Students will have rules to follow, and it will be much easier to write. 3. Language imitation During the teaching, it was found that many students' compositions had dry language and lacked literary talent, which was the reason why they were unable to apply what they learned in Chinese language learning.
There are many ways for primary school students to learn language. Word formation, sentence making, reading or reciting... will all provide students with good language influence, and imitation is also a good way. There is a group of texts describing animals in the first volume of the fourth grade Chinese language published by the People's Education Press: Mr. Lao She's "Cat" and "Hen", whose language is friendly, natural and unpretentious; Mr. Feng Zikai's "White Goose" uses anthropomorphic techniques The white goose described is like an arrogant general; the humorous and ridiculing language of the Russian "White Goose" is unforgettable.
The four articles each have their own characteristics and are models for students to accumulate language. For this reason, after studying the text, we lost no time in guiding students to practice: "Little Animals I Like"; "People I Familiar".
Students successfully imitated articles such as "Little Pigeon" and "Puppy". 4. From Imitation to Creation Composition is the artistic representation of life, which is nothing more than converting spoken language into written language.
Therefore, the ultimate goal of composition is to guide students to write their own lives through their own pens, because life is the source of creation. Every child has rich and colorful life content, but when it comes to composing, his mind goes blank and there is nothing to talk about. It can be seen that he has encountered difficulties in selecting materials.
At this time, the teacher's guiding role is very important. Taking the model essay as an example, on the basis of understanding the article, he can lead the students' eyes from books to life to find their own shadow. It can help students understand life, understand themselves, and learn to select materials, thereby effectively completing the process of writing from imitation to creation.
In short, imitation is the beginning of students' writing and the cornerstone of cultivating writing interest, just like copying in calligraphy. As long as they move from easy to difficult, from shallow to deep, step by step, students' reading level and writing ability will be improved simultaneously over time. 4. How to teach fourth-grade primary school students how to imitate compositions
How to write compositions for primary school students in my country often focuses on the expression of perceptual experience such as ideas and perceptions of things or objects, emphasizing lyricism but not rational thinking. Not enough attention is paid to the training of practice and thinking process, especially after downplaying cultural and sports training, students' compositions often become "four different things".
In contrast, writing teaching in the United States requires the establishment of an orderly method, with special emphasis on the progression of writing steps, and also involves the connotation of terms such as expression methods. They begin training in stylistic awareness and expression methods from the first grade of primary school, train students' narrative, description, argumentation and persuasion abilities, guide students to write research reports, biographical articles and guidance expository essays, and guide students to write with personal opinions starting from the fourth grade. articles and learn to express your own opinions.
When talking about how primary school students write essays, do you often sigh: "Composition is difficult, composition is difficult, and difficult is like climbing a mountain;" As long as you mention it, you will have a headache! Do you feel that your brain is out of stock and you can’t think of anything, and you would rather copy new words ten times than write? You may also feel that you usually speak fluently and can talk endlessly about interesting places and interesting things. However, once the teacher assigns a composition, you will get stuck. I don’t know why? (Student answer) Actually, it’s not that you can’t write, it’s mainly because of your “fear” mentality: you want to write well, but you’re worried that you won’t write well. Let me give you an analogy! Writing a composition is like riding a bicycle. No matter how much theoretical knowledge you have about riding a bicycle, you still won't be able to ride it because you don't dare to try it for fear of falling.
The most effective way is to be driven by curiosity and interest, no matter what, ride on it first, learn while riding, and realize while riding. And this kind of mystery experienced in practice and the rules summarized are happier, more useful, and more valuable than the most accurate theory.
Here, I have summarized some methods of writing essays. First of all, you should read more and read good books, write down the beautiful words and sentences, and memorize the vivid paragraphs. This is very important for improving your knowledge level and writing ability, but this is not the only way to learn.
As the saying goes: "Everywhere you pay attention, you learn." You need to observe nature with your eyes, describe what you see with your mouth, and feel life with your heart. This is also an important way to improve your knowledge and writing skills, and all of this is done in seemingly unintentional play and games.
Let me tell you a little story: Once upon a time, there were three good friends who enjoyed the snow scenery. One was a scholar, one was an official, and the other was a landlord. The scholar looked at the flying snow and became inspired by poetry, and suggested that everyone recite a couplet of poems.
The scholar chanted: "Heavy snow is falling to the ground one after another." The official responded: "This is the blessing of the royal family." The landlord thought that the auspicious snow meant a good harvest, so he said enthusiastically: "It will only snow for three more days." At that time, a beggar who was worried about food and clothing happened to pass by, and angrily said: "Fuck your mother's bullshit." This shows that people have different social status and different thoughts and feelings.
To record scenes and express emotions, we must write true feelings and write like the person. And the "several things" that you should do when writing a scene composition, such as far and near, people and things, feelings and scenery, are all presented piecemeal based on what you see with your eyes and what you feel in your heart.
Let me give you another example: One morning in winter, students were studying by themselves, and heavy snow fell in the sky. They stared at the flying snowflakes outside the window, and some whispered. Look at the expressions on their faces, how much they like it.
So the teacher said: "The beautiful snowflakes are waving to the children, and the children's hearts have already flown to the snowflakes. Let's go out and see now, but we must see clearly and think clearly; how did the snowflakes fall down?" How did you catch the snowflakes? How did you feel when you couldn’t catch them? What did the other students do later? , write.”
The students cheered and ran to the playground. Some caught them with their hands, some with umbrellas, some with hats and scarves, and some were chasing snowflakes. The playground was full of laughter. Voice. Students then verbalize their observations and then write them down.
This composition is full of fun and very successful. One student wrote: "The snowflake is like playing hide-and-seek with me. I chase it, and it floats upward again. I have to wait quietly. I look up and it kisses me. Sometimes it is very naughty. , got into my neck, it was cold and cold.
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The love for snowflakes is revealed between the lines. This can exercise their descriptive ability, accumulate life elements, and enrich their thoughts and feelings.
Therefore, you must learn to observe only Reflecting emotions creates favorable conditions for writing good compositions in the future. Secondly, you also need to teach primary school students how to write compositions and develop the habit of keeping a diary. As the saying goes: "A good memory is not as good as a bad writing"
This. It is the road of Zhuquan’s flying hat. Keeping a diary is a huge wealth. Do you know Yang Hongying, the king of contemporary children’s books in China? You must like his Ma Xiaotiao series; “Boy’s Diary” and “Girl’s Diary”
In fact, Yang Hongying has the habit of keeping diaries. She regards writing diaries as a pleasure! Did you know that many great writers in the world also insist on keeping diaries? I also insisted on keeping a diary, and also wrote a novel in the form of a diary. The small diary became a world famous novel, such as the French Shakespeare Hugo and "Harry Potter". When you fall in love with a diary, the diary turns into a devil. Become your angel. Is there a password for writing a diary? Of course there is! Then let’s grab the candied haws on a stick! Maybe, the next "Harry Potter" will be you! The habit of using materials, as a thoughtful person in daily life, observe carefully and write down every bit of what you see, hear and feel. On the one hand, you can practice writing, and on the other hand, you can take it out easily when writing. After you develop the habit, you will not be afraid of writing. Composition.
In addition, when choosing a topic, you must choose something or someone that you are most familiar with and profound about. Only in this way can you have something to write about and write vividly. Of course, you cannot memorize it when writing an article. In a running account, list all the things and people, select the materials selectively, and then add your own psychological activities to express your feelings.
Now, you mainly write narratives, and write about people. , is one of the basic skills of primary school composition training. In narrative writing, people and things are inseparable. The key is to look at the requirements of the topic.
When writing about things, the people in the article must serve the things; Writing about people. 5. A brief discussion on what references are needed for primary school students to copy their essays
Seeing the camel team coming under the winter sun and hearing the slow and sweet music of ***, my childhood came back to me. - Inscription "I said to myself, write them down, let the actual childhood pass and the spiritual childhood last forever. "Yes, spring has passed, summer has passed, autumn has come again, and everything that was in autumn has returned. But childhood, why did you leave me far away and never return? Oh, that childhood that was gradually drifting away.
Xiaoyingzi’s childhood has passed and she has grown up. However, everything can only become her memory. When she grows up, she can no longer let Xiuzhen dye her nails red. She and Niuer were playing with the chickens in the west wing. She could no longer listen to Song's mother telling her children's stories, and she could no longer watch her father water the flowers. Everything had passed, and all that was left to her were beautiful memories. With deep nostalgia.
I am already in fifth grade, and my childhood will be far away from me in one year. I should cherish my time, and I should cherish the childhood I have now. I can no longer act coquettishly in my mother's arms, I can no longer be idle, I can no longer be naughty and lazy. The good times in the past can only become my memories, spreading slowly over time. The earth disappears, disappears in the tunnel of time, and turns into eternity.
The childhood that gradually goes away disappears in the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn, winter. It disappeared in the repetition of day and night, disappeared when I slowly matured and grew up, and became a treasure deep in my memory.
Beautiful moments are always so short, let it become a thing of the past, a thing of the past... 6. I will write an essay that imitates the fifth-grade primary school Chinese language version of "Morning" using flowers as a metaphor for people tonight.
"There are several plum blossoms in the corner, and Ling Han blooms alone. I know it is not snow, but only the faint fragrance." Whenever winter comes, other flowers have withered, but the plum blossoms still bloom so beautifully and dazzlingly. Enjoy it. The beautiful plum blossoms remind me of the thousands of martyrs who sacrificed their lives for the revolution. They are just like this plum blossom, who are not afraid of the enemy's torture and are unyielding and sacrifice for the country for the liberation of the motherland and people's happy life. In the west, There are many such people. On July 1, 2006, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, known as the "Heavenly Road", was opened. This reminded me of those volunteers who participated in the development of the western region. They endured the cold weather and worked for The motherland has gained prosperity. Aren’t they just like plum blossoms? I really love plum blossoms, and its refreshing fragrance. Although it is not as strong as the fragrance of roses, it is as fresh and intoxicating as the morning air. I love even more those who are strong and unyielding, dedicated silently, regardless of the cold wind. The admirable spirit of bowing one's head in the middle. Plum blossom is the most famous flower in China. The colder it is, the more wind and snow pressure it gets, the more courageous the flower blooms. Its character of not bowing its head and breaking its knots is really impressive. move! The color of the plum blossoms is gorgeous but not demonic; the fragrance of the plum blossoms is light and elegant; the appearance of the plum blossoms is ancient but delicate. Isn't this my dear traffic policeman? They work hard and work hard, regardless of severe cold, heat, or ice and snow. I appreciate the quality of plum blossoms, but I appreciate people who have the qualities of plum blossoms even more.