(first class)
teaching objectives
1. Understanding? Division, false? Wait for 13 new words and accumulate new words. Can you write? Don't, arrive? Two words.
2. Read the text correctly and fluently.
3. I feel that Sima Guang is as brave and resourceful.
analysis of academic situation
Sima Guang was a great historian in the Song Dynasty. This text tells the story of saving lives when he was seven years old. The full text has vivid plot and strong narrative, which is conducive to stimulating students' interest in reading. The easy-to-understand language shows us a calm, witty, brave and intelligent image of little Sima Guang, and also plays a certain role in inspiring students.
For primary school students in grade one, the content of the text is relatively familiar, but there are differences between urban and rural students. According to the actual situation of students, we should grasp the story-telling characteristics of the text and highlight the clues based on reading, so as to make students familiar, feel and think in reading, and then realize Sima Guang's wit and courage. At the same time, it should be combined with text illustrations to help students understand the text and enhance their understanding of the text.
Key and difficult points
1. Know the new words in this lesson and guide literacy and writing.
2. Learn to read the text correctly and fluently.
3. By reading the fourth and fifth paragraphs aloud, it is understood that Sima Guang has different reactions from other children when he is in trouble, which shows that he is a clever and resourceful child.
teaching process
first, reveal the topic and understand? Sima? .
teacher: we are going to study Sima guang in this class. Put out your little hand and write the topic with the teacher. (Teacher writes on the blackboard, reading strokes. ) This is also a person's name! Read the topic together.
teacher: do you know his last name?
teacher: a surname composed of two words like this is called a compound surname, so Sima is his surname, and just his first name. (Use horizontal lines and wavy lines for teachers). Because when Sima Guang was born, his father was an official in Guangshan, so he was named? Sima guang? . Let's read it again.
second, learn words and get to know the text at first.
teacher: have you previewed the text? Raise a finger if you read it once, and raise a fist if you read it many times.
teacher: since you have all read it, we won't read the text. Let's recall the story: (show the picture), this is the place where the story happened. There is a (fake Ji Mi-shan) in the park, and there is a mouth (water tank) under the rockery. The tank is full of water, and the children just fell into such a water tank. When the child fell into the water tank, (other) children were (panicked). Come on, read two more words (something else, panic), and ask the girls to read them again. Some of them are boys. (Scared to cry) Some of them are crying. Only Sima Guang didn't panic. He picked up (a stone), (vigorously) (smashed) the jar, and then asked his classmates to read (vigorously) (smashed).
(read by name?
Teacher: With the help of Sima Guang, the child who fell into the jar was saved. Now that the picture has been removed, let's read it again.
Rockery, water tank (red)
Others, panicked, scared to cry, shouted (blue)
a stone, tried hard and broke (green)
Teacher: Now the pinyin is gone, who will read it?
(read the red word: rockery water tank). Teacher: After reading these two words, you will know that the story happened in a garden, with (rockery) in it and (water tank) under it.
(Ask another child to read the blue words: other, panicked, scared to cry, screaming). Teacher: You will know after reading the blue part (how about other children)
What about the green part? Read by name.
teacher: you can know (how Sima Guang saved him). Let's read it together now, together.
teacher: now let's play a game. Show me the new words in this lesson, and at the same time, show me the three-port jar next to the word Shan Liren, the word mouth and the word stone. Who can find the words in the first water tank? (make, fake) fake, read fake Ji m: here, there is another pronunciation! (False four tones) Make up a word. Children like holidays best! For example, winter vacation and summer vacation.
teacher: who can find two at once beside the word? Answer.
teacher: one is scared and the other is called. Observe and think about why they are beside words.
teacher: yes, fear is also beside the word, so I can't control my mouth, right? Let's read these two words together.
teacher: what about the stone? Let's talk together, children with hands up.
teacher: smash, break, think about why it is next to the stone?
teacher: Sima Guang was hit with a stone in the text. Now we don't have to use a stone to break something. Let's look at ancient times. What were the tools made by people generally made of? (Show the stone map). No wonder this tool was used later. Read it together.
teacher: find all the words that can fit into the water tank. The rest, the teacher said radical, you read.
teacher: there is only one cylinder word left. What is its radical?
teacher: cylinder, what is next to it? Next to the word. Want to see it? Show me the picture. The mouth is small and the stomach is big. Used to hold wine, it can also be used as a musical instrument. This was a good thing in ancient times. Show me the ancient characters, with shapes above and molds below. This is an pictograph, which was created in ancient times. The word "jar" stands for meaning and "gong" stands for pronunciation. The sound of gong was pronounced like a jar in ancient times. There are also large tanks. The tank in front of the Forbidden City can hold a lot of water, which is used for fire fighting, so it is called (? Menhai? )。
teacher: in life, we often use cylinders. Water tank. Flower jar. Fish tank Bathtub
Teacher: Play games: Listen to the phonetic symbols.
Teacher: Take out your pencils and ask a classmate to report them. Circle the mistakes. Pay special attention to pinyin and read the new words circled. All right, stand up and read. That's fast.
third, focus on the fourth and fifth paragraphs.
Teacher: Just now, the game of listening to phonetic symbols can be played at ordinary times, and it can also be played between deskmates. You should learn and remember the wrong words in particular. Most of these new words are in these two paragraphs. Are you confident to read them correctly? Just try it.
teacher: after listening to the reading just now, I will give a thumbs up, and the teacher will read it without teaching. Let's take a look at this passage. It's a little faulty and a little delayed. This is our first-grade children who are prone to reading aloud. How can you cure drag sickness? Answer.
Teacher: The teacher has a trick to cure the drawl. Look at these words I found from this passage. Would you like me to read them?
teacher: listen, what have you found? Teacher's reading: Others panicked, some cried and shouted < P > Teacher: Did you find it? Words like this are light words, which are softly placed in the last word. When reading, the former one is heavier and the latter one is lighter. What else did you find? What? Yes, yes, yes? Most of them should read softly. I'm going to make it more difficult. Show me: Some other children are scared to cry. < P > Teacher: Who wants to read it? Do you want to read better? Teacher's introduction.
teacher: it's more difficult now. I'll put it in the sentence to see if I can cure the drawl. Let's read together, I'll read loudly, and you should be gentle. In the future, we can cure drag sickness by reading softly. You have made progress today. Give yourself applause and praise it.
teacher: the following paragraph is a bit long. who wants to read it? Read very fluently. Did you find out? There is only one sentence in such a long sentence. I'll change the punctuation and remove the comma. Read it and see what it feels like. How do you feel?
(student answers)
Teacher: Is it good? It seems that the comma, though small, has a great effect. It helps us? Stop, take a breath. Therefore, when writing a sentence, when it is long, you should add a comma to slow down, and it is clear to speak. Let's read the comma.
(read all at once)
Teacher: It's easy and clear. I only told two things, lifting a stone and smashing the cylinder. I'll make it simpler. Show it. How to add commas? You can read aloud and try. (answer by name)
Teacher: Did he add it correctly, and we have to pass it? Read aloud to check. Read it all together. Do you agree Adding a comma makes things clear. Now let's read this part together and read the comma. Read raw. With the help of Sima, the children were finally saved.
fourth, get to know Sima Guang who grew up.
Teacher: Raise your hand if you have heard this story before previewing the text. It seems that Sima Guang is very famous in China. But he is famous, not only because he smashed a jar to save people when he was a child, but also because he was a great man when he grew up. Here are three photos of the teacher. Which grown-up Sima Guang do you think?
(1) which one is absolutely not first? Please indicate it with your finger. Tell me why. (the second picture)
Dynasty: What does it say in the text? Show the first sentence of the text and make it clear that the time is Song Dynasty.
(2) The third picture
Teacher: Seeing that he was brave when he was a child, he felt that he was also a general when he grew up.
(3) Sima did not become a general when he grew up, but became a prime minister. Show me? Prime minister? . The prime minister is to help the emperor manage the country! Or? Historian? . He also wrote a famous book "Zi Zhi Tong Jian", which was read by students and teachers. It's hard to read. Read it three times. I have memorized the title of this book, but I can't understand it now. I must read it when I grow up. This is a very good book.
5. Writing instruction.
Teacher: Today, we will write two words in this class. Don't rush to write. Let's watch the teacher write first. Raise your little hand and write with me. They are both left and right structures. Don't? On the left? Another? To be thin, write a small vertical on the right and then write a vertical hook. ? Arrive? What's the next stroke, lift, observe, cross more distance, etc., just look good, and then write next to the sharp knife. Write two seriously.
teacher: first, check the posture of writing. You should write well. The posture is very important. You should also help your left hand and your feet.
Tasting: The teacher came to find the little calligrapher. Deskmates can appreciate each other and give advice to each other. "Sima Guang" teaching case II
[teaching case]
Teacher: Sima Guang lifted a big stone and smashed the water tank at that time, allowing water to flow out of the tank and saving the children. If you had been there at that time, what other good ways could you think of to save the little friend?
health: I will find a rope, throw one end of the rope into the water tank, let the children in the tank catch the rope, and I will pull it out with the children outside.
teacher: is his method good?
health: no, it takes time to find the rope. after a long time, even if the rope is found, the children will have drowned.
Health: The water tank is very big and full of water. The rope is very light and floats on the water. What should children do if they can't reach it? I don't think his method is good.
teacher: is there any other way?
health: if I were you, I would push down the big water tank with my children and save them.
teacher: what about his method?
health: this method is not so good. the water tank is very big and full of water. there is still a person in it. how can the children push it?
teacher: you are right. Who has a good idea?
health: I can climb the rockery with some children, holding hands, and pull the children up like a monkey fishing for the moon.
teacher: is this method ok?
health: no, that child just fell into the big water tank from the rockery. The rockery may be slippery and unstable, and other children will fall into the water tank.
student: I don't think so either. Even if children hold the children in the tank, they are not as energetic as adults. Not only can they not pull it up, but they may be dragged down by the children in the tank.
teacher: whose idea is good?
Health: Sima Guang's method is better. There are stones on the ground. If you hit the big water tank with stones, you can save the children in time.
teacher: you speak very well! Sima Guang can use local materials to rescue the children in time, which shows that he is smart and can use his quick wits. We should learn from him.
[ Teaching Reflection]
In teaching, I have played a multiplier role in guiding students to think from other's perspective. First, ask questions at the end of classroom teaching to guide students to put themselves in other's shoes. At this time, students are in a period of fatigue. Let them put themselves in their shoes and try to save children in distress, which suddenly activates their thinking and improves their sense of participation. Secondly, it inspires students to think divergently from different angles, and conceives different solutions to problems, which avoids telling students that Sima Guang is the best method at first, overcomes the mindset and improves the students' divergent thinking level. Thirdly, through the dispute over the methods envisaged by several students, the students' thinking ability has been exercised and their thinking space has been opened up. Finally, students are guided to select the best method from many methods by comparison and aggregation thinking, that is, Sima Guang's method of saving children by smashing the cylinder, which highlights Sima Guang's extraordinary intelligence.