Gardening Techniques of Borrowed Scenery
When visiting Suzhou gardens through flower windows and borrowing scenery, the biggest attraction is the application of borrowed scenery and contrasting scenery in Chinese garden design. Chinese gardens pay attention to "different scenery with each step", and the arrangement of scenery and viewing positions are very cleverly designed. This is the main feature that distinguishes it from Western gardens. Chinese gardens try to perfectly reproduce the space and structure of the outside world in a limited internal space. In the garden, there are courtyards, terraces, pavilions, verandas and paths meandering among them. The inner and outer spaces penetrate each other, allowing smooth flow and flow. Through the lattice windows, the vast natural scenery is condensed into a miniature landscape. Inscriptions are everywhere, adding a rich humanistic flavor to the garden. The trickling clear stream passes by at your feet, reflecting the scenery in the garden. The virtual and the real are intertwined, taking the viewer from the tangible real world into an infinite dream space. In terms of techniques, borrowing scenery or incorporating the beautiful scenery outside the garden into the garden through careful selection and tailoring is called distant borrowing; or using one scene to set off another scene is called mutual borrowing, etc. . This not only allows Suzhou gardens with a limited area to provide richer landscapes and deeper levels, but also greatly expands the spatial experience of viewers. From the "Yihong Pavilion" in the Humble Administrator's Garden, you can see the North Temple Pagoda outside the garden; from the flower windows of the Canglang Pavilion, you can enjoy the bamboo forest outside the house. These are commonly used borrowing techniques. You can appreciate the charm of gardens in Mr. Ye Shengtao's article "Suzhou Gardens".
Freehand landscape art thought
Chinese gardening art has far-reaching historical origins with Chinese literature and painting art. It is especially influenced by the freehand landscape paintings of literati in the Tang and Song Dynasties. A model of landscape simulation. In the process of its development, Chinese gardens have formed two major series, including royal gardens and private gardens. The former is concentrated in Beijing, and the latter is represented by Suzhou. Due to the differences in political, economic, cultural status and natural and geographical conditions, there are obvious differences between the two in terms of scale, layout, volume, style, color, etc. The royal gardens are famous for their grandness, strictness, grandeur, and beauty, while Suzhou gardens are famous for their grandeur, strictness, grandeur, and beauty. Gardens are famous for their small, free, delicate, elegant and artistic style. Because the latter pays more attention to the harmony and unity of culture and art, the royal gardens that developed into the late period also drew heavily on the "freehand brushwork" techniques of private gardens in terms of artistic conception, creative ideas, architectural techniques, and humanistic content.
Perfect living conditions and living environment
Suzhou classical gardens and houses are integrated into one, which can be admired, visited and lived in. The formation of this architectural form is due to the dense population and In cities lacking natural scenery, human beings are attached to nature, pursue harmonious coexistence with nature, and beautify and perfect their own living environment. The four classical gardens, the Humble Administrator's Garden, the Lingering Garden, the Master of Nets Garden and the Huanxiu Villa, have complete architectural types and are well preserved. They systematically and comprehensively display the layout, structure, shape, style, color, decoration and furniture of Suzhou's classical garden architecture. , furnishings and other aspects, it is a representative work of Jiangnan folk architecture during the Ming and Qing Dynasties (14th to the beginning of the 20th century). It reflects the high degree of residential civilization in the Jiangnan region of China during this period. It has influenced the architectural style of the entire Jiangnan city and promoted the The design, conception, layout, aesthetics and construction technology of folk buildings moved closer to it, reflecting the scientific and technological level and artistic achievements of urban construction at that time. What a great historical building!
Rich social and cultural connotations
One of the important features of Suzhou classical gardens is that it is not only a product of history and culture, but also a carrier of traditional Chinese thought and culture. It is reflected in the naming of garden halls, plaques, inscriptions, writing stones, carvings, decorations, as well as the meanings of flowers and trees, stacked stones to convey feelings, etc. They are not only exquisite works of art that decorate the garden, but also store a large amount of history, culture, thought and science. The information, material content and spiritual content are extremely deep and wide. Some of them reflect and spread various philosophical concepts and schools of thought such as Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism; some promote the philosophy of life and cultivate noble sentiments; and some use classical poetry and literature to embellish, develop, and exaggerate the garden landscape to make people feel happy. While enjoying the sightseeing, you can turn the scenery into emotions, produce artistic conception and gain spiritual satisfaction. The garden collects well-preserved handwritings of famous Chinese calligraphers from past dynasties, which are precious works of art and have extremely high cultural relic value. In addition, Suzhou classical gardens are residential gardens that combine a house and a garden, and their architectural regulations reflect the lifestyle and etiquette customs of ancient Chinese Jiangnan folk. They are physical materials for understanding and studying ancient Chinese Jiangnan folk customs.