During the autumn and Warring States Period, economic development promoted the progress of science and technology; Social changes have contributed to the unprecedented activity of ideas and the prosperity of literature and art.
Writing
Since the Spring and Autumn Period, local governors have been contending with each other. However, the original situation of Zhou Culture's exclusive respect has been gradually destroyed, and the cultures of various regions have begun to "localize".
After the Warring States Period, this situation became more obvious. In terms of the use of characters, it can be roughly divided into five major systems according to regions: the Eastern Qi system, the Northeast Yan system, the Southern Chu system, the Northern Jin system and the Western Qin system. The characters of each system are generally similar, with only a few differences, so there is not much problem in the correspondence between them.
Literature
Qu Yuan is one of the romantic poets in China and the earliest known famous poet in China. He created the style of "Songs of the South" and the tradition of "vanilla beauty". His representative works include Li Sao and Nine Songs.
Qu Yuan's works are rich in words, strange in imagination, novel in metaphor and profound in connotation, and have become one of the sources of China literature. In 1953, the World Peace Council passed a resolution, and because that year was the 223th anniversary of Qu Yuan's death, Qu Yuan was identified as one of the four cultural celebrities in the world that year.
during Lv Buwei's tenure as prime minister of Qin, he organized his disciples to compile the famous "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals", with 3, disciples. That is, Lu Lan. It is also a representative figure of the sage thought.
Thought
At the turn of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, a storm of great social change was set off. In this devastating and overwhelming great change, the old slave-owner class declined and the new landlord class rose.
The old system and moral ethics have been replaced by the new system and ideology; Some farmers have gained more freedom, and the social relations of production have also undergone profound changes; The class contradiction is sharp and fierce, and the merger war continues year after year, and the whole society presents a complicated situation of great turmoil and reorganization.
Calligraphy
Calligraphy plays an important role in the history of calligraphy in China. Bronze inscriptions (inscriptions on bronze inscriptions) and Shi Guwen represent the first climax of the development of China's calligraphy art, and their styles are vigorous and simple, or delicate and elegant, with special aesthetic feeling, which are cherished by later generations.
Meng Shu and Jian Shu, whether Dan Shu or Zhu Shu, have unique fonts. For example, in Hou Ma Meng's book, the blade marks are obvious, the turning point is abrupt and powerful, the line thickness changes slightly, and the silkworm head is formed when the pen is put into the pen. Some people call it Tadpole Book, which forms a special aesthetic feeling. The seal characters provided the earliest model for the later seal seal cutting.
Extended information:
They come from all aspects of society. Although their status is low, many of them are learned and talented people, some are scholars who are familiar with astronomy, calendar and geography, and some are outstanding political and military talents.
Its representatives, such as Mencius, Mozi, Zhuangzi, Xunzi, Han Feizi, Shang Yang, Shen Buhai, Xu Xing, Chen Xiang, Su Qin and Zhang Yi, are all famous thinkers, politicians, military strategists or scientists. As for the general advice, talk about the flow of carving dragons, as well as fencing, crowing and stealing dogs, there are many people.
A hundred schools of thought contend, and many schools have been formed, such as Confucianism, Taoism, Mohism, Legalism, Yin and Yang, famous scholars, strategists, miscellaneous scholars, farmers, novelists and so on. Among them, Confucianism, Mohism, Taoism and Legalism are the most important, and The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, Mozi, Laozi, Zhuangzi, Xunzi and Han Feizi are the representative works of these four schools.
Among them, The Analects of Confucius, Mencius and Zhuangzi are of high literary value.
Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period