Zhang Xu (685? -759? ), the word Gao Bo, the word Ji Ming, was born in Wuxian County, Suzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province), a calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty, good at cursive writing and fond of drinking. He is called Zhangdian in the world.
With Huai Su, it is called "drunk"; He, Zhang and Bao Rong are also called "Four Gentlemen of Wuzhong"; Who is also called "Eight Immortals of Drinking"? His cursive script, Li Bai's poems and songs, and Pei Min's sword dance are also called "three musts". ?
Zhang Xu was born in a family with a high family background. He studied calligraphy under his cousin Lu Yanyuan, and was highly praised by Wu Daozi and Yan Zhenqing after his success. When he was old, he was promoted or recommended, recruited talents, entered the official position, and was released as a captain of Changshu County.
He has served as the left governor and the governor, so he is called "Zhang Changshi" by the world; He died in the second year of Gan Yuan (759) at the age of 75.
In calligraphy, Zhang is good at observing objective things and combining objective natural images with personal subjective feelings. He not only inherits tradition, but also dares to innovate. By inheriting and innovating the calligraphy achievements of predecessors, his own weed art reached a peak in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
2. Yan Zhenqing
Yan Zhenqing (August 23, 709-784) was born in Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi) and Linyi (now Linyi, Shandong). Yan Shigu V was a famous official, calligrapher and secretary supervisor in the Tang Dynasty. He was once a famous painter such as Sun and Situ.
In the 22nd year of Kaiyuan (734), Yan Zhenqing became a scholar and served as a supervisor in the temple. Later, because he offended Yang, the powerful minister, he was demoted to be the prefect of the plain and was called "Yan Plain" by the world. During the Anshi Rebellion, Yan Zhenqing led a crusade against the rebels.
Later, he went to Fengxiang and was made a minister. When Tang Daizong was an official, he went to the official department of Shangshu Province, and a prince and a surname named him Duke Lu, which was called Duke Yan Lu in history.
In the first year of Xingyuan (784), he was sent to tell the rebel Li Xilie that he refused the thief in awe and was finally slapped to death. After he was killed, Cao's heirs and soldiers of the three armed forces cried. Posthumous title Si Tuleideng, posthumous title "in the text".
Yan Zhenqing's calligraphy is exquisite and good at it. Chu Suiliang, a beginner, studied under Zhang Xu and got his brushwork. Its regular script is dignified and majestic, and its running script is vigorous and powerful, which has created a "Yan style" regular script and has a great influence on later generations. Together with Zhao Mengfu, Liu Gongquan and Ou Yangxun, they are also called "four masters of regular script".
Together with Liu Gongquan, they are called "Yan Liu" and "Yangu". He is also good at poetry, such as You, Ji, Wu, Ji, Lu Ji and Linchuan Ji, all of which have been lost. The Song people compiled Yan Ji.
3. Zhang Zeduan
Zhang Zeduan, a native of Langya Wu Dong (now Zhucheng, Shandong Province), Han nationality, now lives in Tokyo (now Kaifeng, Henan Province). Northern Song Dynasty painter.
During the reign of Xuanhe, he served as Hanlin, and was good at drawing buildings, houses, trees and figures. His genre paintings depict shops, bridges, streets and battlements in detail and accurately. Image is like being born, eager to learn from an early age. In his early years, he studied in Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan Province) and then studied painting.
Song Huizong works in Hanlin Painting Academy and is good at painting palaces, especially ships, shops, bridges, streets and battlements. After that, he made a living by losing his home and selling paintings, and he wrote "West Lake Auction Map" and "Riverside Map at Qingming Festival".
Existing works include The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival and The Auction Scene at Jinming Pool (still controversial), both of which are ancient art treasures of China.
4. Dong Qichang
Dong Qichang (1555 February 10—1636 June 5438+00 October 26th) was born in Huating, Songjiang (now Shanghai). Minister and famous painter in the late Ming Dynasty.
In the seventeenth year of Wanli, he was a scholar, awarded the editing of the Hanlin Academy, and was appointed to the Nanjing Ritual Department. In the ninth year of Chongzhen, he died and was given "Wen Min".
Dong Qichang is good at painting mountains and rivers, learning from Dong Yuan, Huang and Ni Zan, and his brushwork is delicate and neutral, quiet and elegant; Clean and bright with ink fragrance, gentle and plain; Green, simple and generous.
He is an outstanding representative of Huating School of Painting and has the beauty of "Yan Gu Zhao Zi". His painting and painting theory had a great influence on the painting world in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Calligraphy in and out of the Jin and Tang dynasties, sui generis, can make poetry.
The existing works include Rock House Map, Eight Scenes of Autumn in Dong Qichang in Ming Dynasty, Map of Zhou Jintang, Pipa of Bai Juyi, Poems in Cursive Script, Postscript of Jiang Yan and so on. He is the author of Essays on Painting Zen Rooms, Collected Works of Rong Tai, Notes on Xihongtang (Block Edition) and so on.
5. Zheng Banqiao
Zheng Banqiao (1693- 1765), whose real name is Zheng Xie, is Kerou, Lian and Hao. Banqiao, also known as Mr Banqiao, is a native of Xinghua, Jiangsu, and his ancestral home is Suzhou.
Kangxi scholar, a juren in the tenth year of Yongzheng, a scholar in the first year of Qianlong (1736). He served as an official in Fan County and Wei County, Shandong Province, with remarkable achievements. Later, he lived in Yangzhou and made a living by selling paintings. He is an important representative of "Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics".
Zheng Banqiao only painted orchids, bamboos and stones in his life, which is known as "orchids that never fade in four seasons, bamboos that never fall for a hundred days, and invincible stones that never change". His poems, paintings and calligraphy, known as the "three wonders" in the world, are more representative literati painters in the Qing Dynasty.
Representative works include Zhuxiu Novelty, Guangqing Liu Zhao, Zhu Lan Fang Xin, Gangu Juquan, Cong Lan Ci, and Zheng Banqiao Collection.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhang Zeduan
Baidu Encyclopedia-Dong Qichang
Baidu Encyclopedia-Yan Zhenqing
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zheng Banqiao
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhang Xu