With Ye Tang as the center, there are cloisters and pavilions in the north, kite-flying and fish-jumping pavilions, Songshan Mountain and South Pavilion in the south. It integrates hall, hall, corridor, pavilion, mountain and water. There are five old peaks, ancient locust trees, Xiaoyundou and osmanthus forest around. There is an ancient pagoda tree in the northwest of the main hall, which is the same age as the ancient garden and has a life span of more than 470 years. It is a first-class protected tree species in Shanghai. Xi 'echi Scenic Area is located in the center of Guyi Garden. It is named after the white goose in the pond. In the west, there is a "White Crane Pavilion" built in the Ming Dynasty to commemorate the "White Crane Nanxiang".
Go east along the Goose Pond. To the north of the Goose Pond is a boat-shaped building facing the water. It is a stone boat, also called a solo boat, built in the Ming Dynasty. It turns out that the owner's painting and calligraphy boat has a front cabin and a back building, curved flower windows and tall buildings, and Zhu Yunming's inscription "Don't tie the boat". Later, it was destroyed, and it was renamed by the famous doctor Hong Fang in the Qing Dynasty. There is a couplet written by Liao Shoufeng, a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty: "Spring water is more than eaves; Lotus leaf fragrance. "
The Plum Blossom Hall in the east of the pool is made of all-wood structure, with purple windows and ink columns, exquisite panes, all carved with plum blossom patterns and quaint cornices. It is a typical Qing dynasty building surrounded by plum blossoms.
On the southeast bank of Opera Goose Pond, facing Zhou Shi, is the Fuyun Pavilion, originally known as the "Bamboo Pavilion", which is semi-floating in the water and small and exquisite. Behind the floating pavilion is an earthen mountain called Zhuzhu Mountain, and there is a pavilion on the top of it. It is different from ordinary pavilions, but it sticks out its fist at three corners, and one corner is missing in the northeast. This is the "September 18th Incident". After the fall of Northeast China, Nanxiang people built this "corner-missing pavilion" which lacked the northeast corner and named it "Buque Pavilion". Yuan Songhe Scenic Area is located in the north of the park, with pavilions, towers, halls and pavilions, including pine, lotus, bamboo, plum and crane longevity pine. The "Yinwei Pavilion" in the scenic area is 10 meter high, with three doors open and three directions looking up, and the moon is lacking in wonders, which is quite impressive. Architects carefully calculated the best moon viewing point and designed the Moon Gallery according to the running track and terrain characteristics of the four seasons of the moon.
There is a 10-meter-high relic of the Darani Sutra of the Tang Dynasty in the garden in front of the pavilion, and it is a lotus seat on which the four heavenly kings sit, which is a typical carving style of the Tang Dynasty. Founded in the eighth year of Tang Xiantong (AD 867), it was completed in the second year of Tang Ganfu (AD 875) and moved to Guyi Garden from 65438 to 0959.
There is a six-sided seven-level stone pagoda in the lotus pond, which was built in the 15th year of the Song Dynasty (1222). It is one of the oldest and most precious cultural relics in ancient gardens. It is about ten feet high, six sides and seven levels, with lotus petals wrapped around the waist, and the tower column is carved like a Buddha statue, beautifully carved. Qingqing Garden Scenic Area was built in 1985, located at the easternmost end of Guyi Garden, and it is the largest scenic spot in the garden, covering an area of more than 30 mu. The scenic spot is dominated by green bamboo, which embodies the characteristics of ancient gardens. There are more than 30 kinds of bamboos planted in Qingqing Garden, including Guishan, Guishan Lake, Scholar's Academy, Art Garden, Moongazing Platform, Cuiai Building, etc., which complement each other with the bamboo garden and have beautiful scenery.
Guishan is located between Qingqing Garden and Yuanyang Lake. It is 7 meters high and covers an area of 5 mu. Surrounded by water and bridges, it is like a giant turtle with four claws. There is a round island to the east of Guishan, which is the head of the giant turtle and is called "glans island".
There are strange stones lying around the lotus wind bamboo dew pavilion by the river, and water flows in front of the pavilion, such as hibiscus in June, and the graceful breeze refers to bamboo, which has far-reaching artistic conception.
Cuiai Building is 13 meters high, divided into two floors, all-wood structure, and a pavilion flies out of the middle of the second floor. There are cornices and arches on both sides of the eaves of the building, and two dragon play beads are carved. The whole window is wide, the grid is fine, the scale is clear and unique. There are 100 kinds of strange stones and bonsai on display in the building.
Scholar's Academy is named after the four gentlemen of plum, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum. Four gentlemen's paintings and calligraphy are hung in the hall, and four gentlemen represent plants in front of the hall.
Most of the pavilions in ancient gardens were built by the water and blended with the waterscape, which reflected the artistic conception of "pavilions are close to the water everywhere, although many houses do not hinder the mountains". The main buildings in the park, such as Yeyitang, Meihuatang, Chunzao Hall, Cuiai Building and Liudaixuan, are beautifully shaped and exquisite. These buildings are not only decorations for the scenery, but also places to enjoy the scenery and shelter from the wind and rain. They are separated by winding corridors and flower walls, forming freely changing natural spaces of different sizes. The architectural plane forms are diverse and the three-dimensional modeling is changeable, which embodies the exquisite, free and lively characteristics of Jiangnan garden architecture. The roof is covered with small tiles, hollowed out, with various styles of arches, cornices, doors and windows, carved decoration and simple and elegant paint, which has the artistic style of garden architecture in Ming Dynasty. The gardening layout of ancient gardens has been centered on the goose pond since the Ming Dynasty. From the Qing Dynasty to the previous restoration and expansion before the founding of the People's Republic of China, attention was paid to digging rivers to control water, so that water was placed in the garden, mainly water, reflecting the landscape. The water in the ancient garden is isolated from the outside world, but in the 100-acre garden, there are thousands of meters of streams. It runs through the whole park in the form of a square pool and a narrow water surface.
The 30-acre scenic spot expanded eastward by Yiyuan Garden also digs a pool to divert water, builds pavilions and bridges, and sets islands in the pool, with winding paths leading to secluded places, so that the water layout between the old and new scenic spots is included in Jiang Hong's poem "You Yiyuan Garden" in the Ming Dynasty: "Fireworks and fog plant ancient bridges, and the Pearl Palace pours out and leans on Qingyun. The artistic conception of "graceful bamboo shadow in the garden, high water in the temple and high stone building" The ancient art garden architecture pays attention to the topic and artistic conception. Shen's "Yiyuan Garden" in the Qing Dynasty recorded: "Those who set up gardens have nothing like a hall". In the hall, he said "Ye Yi" and a pair of pagodas were planted in front of the hall. On the right, there are strange peaks and rocks. On the left, there is a rockery pool. After the hall, he planted laurel trees. On the Mid-Autumn Festival, he enjoys the moon. In court, Gui Xiang was suspected to be in Guanghan Palace. The hall is hung with a plaque inscribed by Dong Qichang, a famous calligrapher in the Ming Dynasty, which reflects the ideological interest of some literati at that time who were attached to mountains and rivers, indulged in elegance, enjoyed romantic scenery and put seclusion first.
The corner pavilion was missing, and the corner of the northeast was deliberately cut to show the fall of the northeast. The other triangles were all plastic, and they raised their fists to show their determination to resist aggression and recover lost land, reflecting the people's revolutionary will against Japan at that time.
The White Crane Pavilion, where the white crane stands at the top and spreads its wings to fly south, was built according to the ancient legend of "Nanxiang White Crane", hence the name of Nanxiang. According to legend, a farmer dug a boulder ten feet square while farming, and then two cranes flew to stay on it. After seeing it, a monk named Deqi decided that it was a "miracle of Buddha's land", so he took the crane to raise money every day and built the Yun Xiang Temple of White Crane here. After the completion of the temple, monk Deqi flew south with the crane and never heard from him again. "Don't Tie a Boat" Couplet: Spring water with double eaves and lotus leaves with seven fragrances. -(Qing) Liao Shoufeng
"Nanting" couplet: The moon is full of water, and Yun Qi is the Tianshan Mountains. —— (Qing) Ye Changchun
"Plum Blossom Hall" couplet: The billiard hall is quiet and interesting, and the plum blossoms are fragrant in cold places. Chen Congzhou