Chinese people have a wide variety of surnames, all of which are surnames. For example, celestial bodies and weather (surnamed sky, sun, moon, stars, wind, clouds, thunder, rainbow, etc.); topography and landforms (surnamed mountains, rivers, rivers, seas, rocks, sand, etc.); animals and plants (surnamed horses, cows, etc.) , sheep, dragon, tiger, bear, etc.); dynasty names (surnames of Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han, Wei, Wu, etc.); military official titles (surnames of Jun, Shi, Shuai, Wei, Sima, Situ, etc.); food Utensils (firewood, rice, fire, bells, mats, plates, etc.) and all kinds of strange surnames are always due to a certain region, history and culture. With surnames, people began to study the culture of surnames. Since the first "Hundred Family Surnames" was published in the Song Dynasty, there have been more and more books with similar surnames. Later, there were "Newly compiled Hundred Family Surnames", "Junwang Hundred Family Surnames", "Thousand Family Surnames", etc.?
How many surnames do Chinese people have? According to statistics from Professor Wang Quangen, author of the book "Cultural Analysis of Chinese Surnames", the book "Hundred Family Surnames" in the early Song Dynasty collected 442 single surnames, 61 There are 503 surnames in total. "Surnames" compiled by Chen Shiyuan in the Ming Dynasty contains 3625 single and compound surnames. In 1978, relevant departments conducted a survey on the use of Chinese surnames in seven major cities through the household registration department and the post and telecommunications department. The total number of surnames obtained was 2,587. In 1984, the book "Compilation of Chinese Surnames" compiled by Yan Fuqing and others published by People's Posts and Telecommunications Press collected a total of 5,730 single and compound surnames. The "Zhonghua Surname House" written by Taiwanese scholar Wang Sucun collected as many as 7,720 ancient and modern Chinese surnames. In 1996, Beijing Educational Science Press published the "Dictionary of Chinese Surnames" compiled by Yuan Yida and Du Ruofu, which recorded as many as 11,969 surnames recorded in Chinese characters from all ethnic groups in ancient and modern my country that have written records. Among them, there are 5327 single-character surnames, 4329 two-character surnames, 1615 three-character surnames, 569 four-character surnames, 96 five-character surnames, 22 six-character surnames, 7 seven-character surnames, 3 eight-character surnames, and 1 nine-character surname. In addition, there are 3,136 surnames with different translations and variant characters. It is said that this is the latest statistics on the number of Chinese surnames so far, and it is also the largest statistics. ?
But even this number is probably not very accurate. The number of surnames in China may be much more than what we want to count. Even the authors of the "Chinese Surname Dictionary" also discovered in their investigation that there are still some surnames among the people that have not been published in surname monographs. Some surnames are words that cannot be found in various dictionaries, such as SX (B -*5HT6"SS hill SX) (pronounced "亚"), in Changtu County, Liaoning Province, people found that more than one family has this surname. Some surnames have this word in the dictionary, but there is no explanation of the surname, and the pronunciation They are also different. For example, the surname Shu (pronounced "spicy") is distributed in Anlu County, Shaanxi Province. Other rare surnames include Lu, Cu, Xiao, Miao, Mi, Han, Wei, Yi, Lu, etc. Some compound surnames have never been seen in surname monographs or Chinese dictionaries, such as "Gu Gao", "Zhang Jian", "Xiangli", "Xiangwang", etc.?
There is no doubt that China. It is a country with a vast territory, a large population, and a long history. It is also a multi-ethnic country. After many ethnic integrations, the Chinese nation, with the largest population, is itself a multi-ethnic fusion. The products of culture, due to the barriers of different regions, historical periods and different customs and cultures, on the one hand, some surnames are still changing, on the other hand, many surnames are difficult to collect and count in some surname monographs. How many surnames the ethnic group has so far, or how many surnames there are at present, can only be further determined in the future census.