Attached is the full text of Song Taizong's Xue Ji and its translation: 1. Emperor Taizong learned the book of the right army from the author of Wang in the original text, gained its method and served the book of Hanlin. The emperor listened to politics and attached importance to calligraphy, and sent several attendants to show them books. Every time he thought that he was not good, Emperor Taizong deliberately went to school.
Ask again, as before. Or ask what it means and write: "The book is solid. If it is called goodness, I am afraid that the emperor no longer has this intention. "
Later, the emperor's brushwork was excellent, surpassing ancient times, and the world thought it was conducive to rules. 2. When Song Taizong was in power, there was a man named Wang Zhu who learned Wang Xizhi's calligraphy and became a reserve talent of the Hanlin Academy.
In addition to dealing with politics, Song Taizong also paid attention to practicing calligraphy, and sent eunuchs to show his calligraphy to Wang Zhu many times. Wang Zhu always thought that Song Taizong didn't learn well, so Song Taizong copied calligraphy more intently. Song Taizong asked Wang Zhu with a written word, and Wang Zhu's answer was the same as the original one.
Asked about his intention, Wang Zhu said: "(The emperor) originally wrote very well, but if he says (his writing style) is good at once, I am afraid that the emperor will no longer pay attention to calligraphy." From then on, the emperor's calligraphy was superb, surpassing that of his predecessors. The world believed that this was the result of Wang Zhu's constant encouragement to Song Taizong.
2. What was the example of a strict teacher who made a high apprentice in ancient times? Confucius was regarded as "the most holy" in feudal society, which can be regarded as a celebrity. But his disciple Zaiyu was lazy, sleepy day and night, and groggy all day, so that later generations left the idiom "sleep during the day and kill him", which spoke highly of people's laziness. Confucius also lamented to him that "rotten wood cannot be carved." If a strict teacher makes a high student, what kind of high student is Yu?
Zhuge Liang, the name of "Wolong", was famous for a while. "Taking Wolong and winning half the world" is no joke. However, despite Zhuge Liang's careful support, Liu Chan, the ruler of Houshu, failed to escape the doom of national subjugation. Isn't Liu Adou a wise king?
Guiguzi, a famous hermit in the Spring and Autumn Period, was well-read and Sun Bin, the world-famous author of Sun Bin's Art of War, came from his door. Another of his disciples, Pang Juan, was sinister and vicious, and framed Sun Bin's disability because of jealousy. Although he was later murdered by Sun Bin, as a student of the celebrity Guiguzi, I'm afraid it's also a great irony to "strict teachers make excellent students"! Request adoption
3. "Gao Niandong is a Man" Classical Chinese Translation When Gao Niandong slaughtered his family, Xia Yue was walking alone in the suburbs, enjoying the cool in the shade of willow trees by the river bank. A man arrived at the river bank with a pottery in his car, but he couldn't get up again and again. He invited the public to pull his car and the public followed him happily. When Zhang Qian, the county commandant, arrived, he was shocked and said, "Why is this official so high?" Leave with a smile.
The official sent a servant to wait for the public. When Gong and the group of children bathed in Hanoi, the servant also bathed, told Gong to wash his back, asked where Gao's family was, laughed at him and said, "Here it is." Kneel in the water and the public will answer in the water.
-When Gao Niandong lived at home as a young butcher, he was walking alone in the suburbs in summer, enjoying the cool in the Liu Yin near the river bank, and saw a cart full of pottery coming to the river bank. He didn't push it to the embankment several times, and told Gao Niandong to pull the cart. Gao Niandong agreed with him happily. County commandant Zhang Gai came at this moment and said in surprise, "How could such a tall man do such a thing?" Gao Niandong walked away with a smile.
A senior official sent a servant to visit Gao Niandong. Gao Niandong and a group of children are taking a bath in the river. The servant also went down to wash, asked Gao Niandong to help rub his back and asked where Assistant Gao's home was. A child smiled and pointed to Gao Niandong and said, "This is it." The officers were so scared that they knelt in the water to confess, and Gao Niandong also answered him in the water.
4. An example of a strict teacher making a great apprentice Mencius gives people the image of holding their heads high, which is awe-inspiring and sometimes daunting. This can be seen from the teacher-student relationship. In front of the students, he presents the image of a strict teacher.
On one occasion, Mencius' student Le Zhengzi went to Qi State. Because he didn't settle down immediately, he couldn't see Mencius that day. Le Zhengzi went to see Mencius the next day. Mencius was very unhappy and said, "Do you want to see me, too?" LeZhengZi feel tone is wrong, I don't know what's going on. He asked, "Why did the teacher say such a thing?" Mencius did not answer directly, but asked, "How many days have you been in Qi?" Le Zhengzi honestly replied: "Yesterday has arrived." Mencius said with great displeasure, "So what's strange about what I just said?" Le Zhengzi realized that Mencius was angry because he didn't go to see him immediately after he arrived in Qi, so he quickly explained that he didn't arrive at the teacher in time yesterday because his residence was not confirmed. Mencius did not relax at all, and continued to ask, "Have you ever heard that you must find a good place to live before you can invite your elders?" Le Zhengzi had to apologize to Mencius. In this conversation, Mencius' attitude has always been aggressive, from which we can easily see that his maintenance of teachers' dignity obviously overshadowed his generosity and concern for students. Indeed, as far as personality image is concerned, Mencius' respectable side seems to exceed his amiable side.
When Mencius treats different viewpoints, he is often very aggressive, and his polemic attitude often hinders mutual understanding and communication; Argumentative writing is manifested in political life and can easily become sophistry. Mencius' argument about whether Yan State can be cut has this meaning. Shen Tong, Minister of Qi State, once asked Mencius privately: "Is it possible to crusade against the civil strife in Yan State?" Mencius replied, "Yes." The reason is that a gentleman of Yan State should not give up the throne to the son of Yan State. Later, the State of Qi really marched eastward to Yan. At that time, someone asked Mencius: "Mr. Wang once advised Qi to attack Yan. Is that so? " Mencius replied: "There is no such thing. At the beginning, Shentong asked me:' Can Yan conquer Qi?' I replied, "Yes." If he asks me again,' Who can conquer Yan?' I will answer:' Only those who represent the will of God can conquer Yan. In that case, how can it be said that I advised Qi to cut Yan? "This argument is logically impeccable, but it is hard to convince. This makes Mencius' philosopher image present a certain debater style at the same time.
Ji Chang learned to shoot the ancient archer Gan Fei. All he has to do is draw a bow and shoot an arrow at the beast, and the beast will fall; Shoot an arrow at a bird flying in the sky, and the bird will fall from the sky in an instant. As long as anyone who has seen Gan Fei shoot arrows, there is no one who does not praise him as a professional archer. It's true that the arrow is not empty, and it hits every shot. Gan Fei's student is Wei Fei. He studied archery with Gan Fei very hard. A few years later, Wei Fei's archery caught up with his teacher Gan Fei. He was really a teacher. Later, another man named Jichang came to worship Wei Fei as a teacher and learn archery from Wei Fei.
After Wei Fei accepted Ji Chang as an apprentice, he was really strict about learning archery! When Wei Fei first learned archery, he said to Ji Chang, "Do you really want to learn archery from me? You know, you can't learn real skills without hard work. Ji Chang said: As long as you can learn archery, you are not afraid of hardship and are willing to listen to the teacher's advice. Therefore, Wei Fei said to Ji Chang very seriously, "You should learn not to blink before you can talk about archery in school. 」
In order to learn archery, Ji Chang returned home and lay on his back under his wife's loom, staring unblinkingly at his wife's pedaling while weaving. Every day, every month, I think about Wei Fei's request and his determination to go to Wei Fei. If you want to learn real kung fu and become an archer, you must practice hard and persistently. I practiced for two years without interruption; Even if the tip of the awl pierced the edge of the eye socket, his eyes were unblinkingly. Ji Chang packed his bags and left his wife for Wei Fei. After listening to Ji Chang's report, Wei Fei said to Ji Chang, "I haven't learned home yet." To learn archery well, you must also practice your eyesight. You must practice looking at small things like big ones, vague things like obvious ones. You have to keep practicing before you can tell me. 」
Ji Chang returned home, chose the thinnest hair on the yak's tail, tied a small louse on one end, and hung it on his own window at the other end, staring at the small louse hanging at the lower end of the yak hair window. Look, look, stare. In less than 10 days, the lice seem to be getting bigger gradually. Ji Chang still insists on practicing hard. He continued to watch, watch and stare. Three years later, I saw the little lice tied to the lower end of yak hair getting bigger and bigger, as big as a wheel. When Ji Chang looked at other things, they all got bigger, so big that they looked like huge hills. So, Ji Chang immediately found a strong bow with horns grown in the north and a sharp arrow made of bamboo produced in the north. He took a bow in his left hand, put an arrow in his right hand, focused on lice as big as wheels, and shot the arrow out. The arrow just passed through the center of the louse, but yak hair, who hung the louse, was not shot off. At this time, Ji deeply realized that he should study hard. He told Wei Fei about this achievement.
Wei Fei was so happy for Jichang that he even jumped for joy. He also patted his chest with his hand and went over to congratulate Jichang and said, "You have succeeded. You have mastered the secret of archery!
5. Strict teachers make good students, and strict teachers make good students.
After graduating from high school, Mo Bosang joined the army and took part in the Franco-Prussian War after studying in the University Law Department for only half a year. After the war, he went to Paris and worked as a clerk in the Admiralty and the Ministry of Education. He usually loves reading literary works and has many unusual experiences and feelings, so he quietly engages in literary creation in his spare time. But the pen in my hand doesn't work. Some stories that are very touching to think of are completely different when written on paper. They are boring and empty, with no literary flavor. So he temporarily put down his pen, asked his friends to intercede, and worshipped Flaubert, the great writer he admired most, as his teacher.
1873 One afternoon in the spring, 23-year-old Mo Bosang respectfully walked into Flaubert's living room.
Flaubert looked at the handsome young man with sharp eyes for a long time and suddenly asked, "Why do you want to learn to write?"? 」
Mo Bosang thought for a moment and said, "I think the world is so unfair. I have a lot to say in my heart ... of course, I like literature very much and I really want to be a writer. 」
"hmm? Flaubert seems to be lost in thought: "The road under the writer's feet is neither smooth nor endless. 」
"teacher! Mo Bosang stood up and bowed deeply to Flaubert again: "I dare not say how far I can go on this road;" But I swear: no matter what thorns, deserts, glaciers and dangerous cliffs are ahead, I will go on and never look back! 」
Flaubert was obviously satisfied with Mo Bosang's answer and accepted the apprentice happily. After the study began, Flaubert took a two-pronged approach: on the one hand, he paid attention to reading accumulation, on the other hand, he paid attention to observing life.
The reading list is mainly literary classics, but also works on politics, economy, history, military affairs, philosophy, aesthetics, biology, anatomy, pedagogy, psychology, etc., with nearly 10,000 volumes, which is enough to open a library. He asked Mo Bosang to read one by one, and handed in his reading notes after reading one.
Considering Mo Bosang's weakness in the past, Flaubert's requirements for "observing life" are stricter, firmer and stricter. In this regard, there are many anecdotes circulating in the literary world, and the most touching ones are teaching and "using eyes" teaching.
Flaubert teaching? Wen Xi practiced the most basic kung fu of "painting eggs". He often pointed to a lying branch, a blooming flower and a playful kitten, and asked Mo Bosang to accurately describe its posture in one word and one sentence, and repeatedly warned: "No matter what we describe, there is only one noun to express it; Only one verb gives it action; Only one adjective can get its nature. We must continue to think hard, and we must find this unique noun, verb and adjective. It is not enough to find words similar to these nouns, verbs and adjectives, nor can we perfunctory things with similar words because of thinking difficulties. 」
Mo Bosang learned from Flaubert for a period of time and felt that he had gained a lot. He couldn't help writing several novels and asking the teacher for advice. Flaubert shook his head again and again after reading it and said, "You shouldn't write these stories in a hurry now, let alone let them be published. What you should do at once: learn to observe with your eyes. Take a walk outside, remember everything you saw on the road, and then write down what you saw when you came back. " For nearly a year, Mo Bosang went to the streets and suburbs of Paris every day to observe, feel and experience, and then accurately described everything he saw in concise, natural and vivid language. During this period, he didn't dare to create more, only wrote a novel he thought was true, Dim Sum.
Flaubert was secretly happy when he saw that dim sum had made obvious progress, but he shook his head and asked Mo Bosang to wait for a while. In order to further improve Mo Bosang's observation ability, he often visited the observation site and directly instructed him to take Mo Bosang to the door of a grocery store, pointing to the grocer sitting inside and saying, "Describe this grocer. Then I took Mo Bosang past a doorman who was smoking and said, "Describe this doorman ..." * * The same requirement is: "Use a painter's skill to describe the posture of these characters and their whole physical appearance, and convey all their spiritual essence, so that I won't confuse them with any other grocer or doorman. He also took Mo Bosang to the horse station, pointed to a horse and said, "Please tell me in one sentence that there is a horse here, and its fifty horses are different. 」……
Mo Bosang is dedicated and firm, studying hard with Flaubert, a strict teacher, year after year, and practicing the basic skills of writing.
1880, another spring afternoon. After seven years of hard study, Mo Bosang came to Flaubert's study with his new work boule de suif, both excited and nervous. In order to write boule de suif well, he spent many sleepless nights and made incalculable efforts. Although he has great feelings for this job.