Fu on the Red Wall was written by Su Shi, a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. Written in the fifth year of Yuanfeng in Song Shenzong (1082), the author relegated Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei). Based on the author's subjective feelings, this poem describes what the author and his friends saw and felt when they went boating in Chibi on a moonlit night through the form of subject-object question and answer.
It reflects the author's ease in boating on a moonlit night, the sadness of remembering the past and hurting the present, and the philosophical liberation. Quan Fu embodies its unique artistic conception in layout and structural arrangement, with deep feelings and profound thoughts. It has a high literary position in the history of China literature and has a great influence on later Fu, prose and poetry.
Historical background:
The Red Wall Fu was written during Su Shi's relegation to Huangzhou, which was one of the most difficult periods in his life. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), Su Shi was accused of slandering the imperial court for writing a poem "Xie Shangbiao in Huzhou". He was impeached by Yushi, accused of slandering the imperial court, and was arrested and imprisoned. History is called "Wutai Poetry Case".
"After several reconstructions", he was tortured. After being rescued by many parties, he was released in1February of that year and was demoted to deputy ambassador of Huangzhou Youth League Training, but "no official contract, no unauthorized placement." This is undoubtedly a "semi-prisoner" controlled life.
In the fifth year of Yuanfeng, Su Shi visited Chibi twice in July 16 and 10/5, and wrote two poems about Chibi. Later generations called the first poem "Red Cliff Fu" and the second poem "Back Red Cliff Fu".
Refer to the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-Red Cliff Fu