Speaking of "Dongpo spirit", we must first clarify the meaning of the word "spirit". Generally speaking, "spirit" contains three meanings: first, it refers to human energy, essence and vitality; Second, it refers to people's temperament, charm and shrewdness; Third, it refers to people's consciousness, thinking and psychology, that is, the spiritual wealth created in the process of human social and historical practice, including thought, morality, education, science, culture and philosophy. The "Dongpo spirit" we often say mainly refers to the third aspect.
Who is Dongpo? Dongpo is a politician, literary artist and scientist who has made great achievements in making a statement, establishing a moral character, establishing a career and making contributions. Our common evaluation is: Dongpo has a strong sense of participation in politics, a strong sense of hardship, loyalty to the monarch and love for the people, a sense of social responsibility, self-improvement, pursuit of truth, fairness and justice, pragmatism, harmony and friendship, equality, honesty and self-esteem, detachment from broadmindedness and humor; Brilliant, profound, knowledgeable and unparalleled, he has eight literary works. His poems were praised by Su Huang, which created a new situation in the pronoun world and was called the artistic charm. Mr. Lin Yutang said: Su Dongpo is an optimist whose nature cannot be changed, a moralist who is considerate of others, a good friend of the common people, an essayist, a new painter, a great calligrapher, an experimenter in brewing, an engineer, a hypocritical opponent, a yoga practitioner, a Buddhist, a scholar-bureaucrat, an emperor's secretary and a drinker. [1] Mr. Long Yin condensed it into: Su Dongpo is the first genius in the history of Chinese civilization for 5,000 years; 900 years ago, he married independently and fell in love freely: his love stories with four women were all sad and stubborn poems; A rare "Xia Wen" figure in the history of China: the governors of seven famous counties relieved countless disasters for the poor people; The most experienced authors: Wang Anshi's opponent, Zhu Cheng, the sworn enemy of Neo-Confucianism, and Sima Guang's eyesore; Liberals who thoroughly understand the true meaning of life: prisoners are demoted, framed and supervised, but they always sing happy songs; A generation of Yi-ology masters, thinkers and dialectics masters: his philosophy of life and way of thinking have not been thoroughly understood so far; Master of writing, master of poetry, master of ci, master of painting and calligraphy. [2] Mr. Zhu Jinghua regards him as a philosophical unity: he loves the people and is kind, suffering and detachment, grief and broadmindedness, struggle and compromise, ideal and reality, diligence and leisure, freedom and responsibility, romance and infatuation, wisdom and infatuation, aesthetics and nature, ... He has collected the essence of history, deeply influenced later generations of literati, and became the most charming and cordial in the minds of later generations. [3] Mr. Zhang Zhilie summarized the core values as: "the lofty ideal of patriotism and love for the people and inspiring the world; Seeking truth from facts, exploring and innovating; The principles of frankness, independence and fearlessness; Adhere to the attitude of life that is self-adaptive. " [4]
It can be seen from People on Dongpo that "Dongpo Spirit" is not only a pure concept of a certain cultural implication, but an organic integration of various cultural implications, presenting a multi-angle, multi-level and multi-functional three-dimensional humanistic wealth system. In essence, "Dongpo Spirit" refers to Dongpo's humanism and human noumenon spirit, which is closely related to human's high culture, civilization and thought, not only in his brilliant and eternal articles and independent life experiences, but also in the publicity and shock of his life, thought, personality, soul, emotion and psychology. As Mr. Lin Yutang said: "There is obviously a moral power in him that people can't control. This power has been running strongly on him since he was born, until death shut his mouth and interrupted his laughter. " [ 1]
This is the "Dongpo Spirit".