These are celebrities in She County.
Bi Sheng (date of birth and death unknown)
The inventor of movable type printing in the Song Dynasty. According to research by cultural relic workers in our province, he was from She County. The movable clay characters preserved by his descendants (now living in Bijia Village, She County) are now collected in the Provincial Museum.
He was an ordinary civilian intellectual in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty. At that time, he was called Commoner. He summed up his past experience in woodblock printing, and after repeated experiments, he made clay movable type during the Qingli period of Emperor Renzong of the Song Dynasty (1041-1048).
The invention of movable type printing not only promoted the development of science and culture in our country, but also played a great role in promoting the development of world civilization.
Wang Daokun (1525-1593)
Also known as Boyu, also known as Nanming and Taihan, a native of She County, he was an influential poet in the literary world of the middle and late Ming Dynasty in my country. Writer of essays and miscellanies.
In the twenty-sixth year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1547), he was awarded the title of Jinshi, and later successively served as the county magistrate of Yiwu, the prefect of Xiangyang, the deputy envoy of Fujian, and the Zuo Shilang of the Ministry of War. When he was the county magistrate of Yiwu, he advocated strengthening defenses and teaching people to practice martial arts to prevent Japanese pirates from invading, which laid the foundation for the subsequent active struggle against Japanese pirates. When he was serving in Fujian, he and the then patriotic general Qi Jiguang recruited "Yiwu soldiers" to defeat the invading Japanese pirates. In his later years, when he served as Minister of War Zuo, he took active measures to reform bad governance and put forward many suggestions on strengthening national defense strength.
During the Jiajing and Wanli years, Wang Daokun gained a high reputation in the literary world and was included in the "Later Five". His "Taihan Collection" collects more than 1,500 poems of various genres written by him. There are five kinds of dramas: "A Dream of Gaotang", "A Journey to the Five Lakes", "Drama in the Far Mountains", "Sorrow of Luoshui", and "The Palace of Eternal Life on the Chinese Valentine's Day" by Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty. In addition, he also wrote some sanqu.
Xu Guo (1527-1596)
Weizhen, a native of She County, was a minister of the Ming Dynasty. He ranked first in the rural examination and was awarded Jinshi in the 44th year of Jiajing reign (1565). Xu Guo served as an official in Jiajing, Longqing and Wanli dynasties throughout his life, and was very favored by the emperor. During the Longqing period, Emperor Mu Zong of the Ming Dynasty gave him a first-class uniform and was sent as an envoy to Korea. He successively held the posts of You Zanshan, Left Minister of the Ministry of Rites, and Right Minister of the Ministry of Rites when the prince left the cabinet and became the prince's servant. In the eleventh year of Wanli (1583), he was appointed as the Minister of Rites and the Bachelor of Dongge University. Soon after, he was granted the title of Taibao of the Crown Prince and a bachelor of Wenyuan Pavilion. In the twelfth year of Wanli's reign, he was promoted to Crown Prince and Tutor due to his "meritorious decision-making" in suppressing the rebellion in Yunnan. Emperor Shenzong of the Ming Dynasty once built Xu Guo Shifang (the octagonal archway) in She County as a "favor reward" for him. Xu Guo had been in the cabinet for nine years and was honest and self-responsible. However, he was prone to losing his temper when things happened. After the death of Xu Guo, he was given the posthumous title Wenmu and wrote "Xu Wenmu Gongji".
Cao Wenqian (?—1798)
Zhuxu, a native of She County, Anhui Province in the Qing Dynasty. Minister of the Qing Dynasty. During the Qianlong reign, he became a Jinshi, changed his status to a common scholar, and was taught editing and editing. He moved to the Hanlin Academy to study as a bachelor, and then moved to Zhan Shi Mansion to study as a bachelor. He was granted the title of Censor of Zuo Fudu, and Minister of Criminal Affairs, Military Affairs, Industry and Household Affairs. Later he was promoted to Minister of Household Affairs. He should be upright as an official and should not be subordinate to powerful ministers and ministers. Retire with old mother. He died in the third year of Jiaqing. Posthumous title Wenmin.
Cao Zhenyong (1755-1835)
Lisheng, a native of She County. The son of Cao Wenqi, Minister of the Qing Dynasty. In the forty-sixth year of Qianlong's reign (1781), he became a Jinshi and was awarded the title of editor. Third grade in the college entrance examination, Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty thought that he was the son of a minister and should be reused, so he was promoted to minister and later to bachelor. In the third year of Jiaqing (1798), he served as bachelor of the cabinet and minister of the Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of Personnel. In the 11th year of Jiaqing's reign, he was promoted to Minister of the Ministry of Industry and granted the title of Prince Shaobao. After that, he successively served as Minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Bachelor of Tiren Pavilion, Minister of Academic Affairs, and Minister of Military Aircraft. When he was the Minister of Military and Aircraft, he was cautious and ambiguous in situations, and was very trusted by Emperor Xuanzong.
He served as an academic administrator in the Qianlong, Jiaqing, and Daoguang dynasties. He took the Dianxiang Examination four times before and after, and was very picky about minor problems. Under his influence, this kind of strictness became a trend for a while. He once served as the president of Huidian, Shilu, River Engineering Strategy, Mingjian, Dynasty Wenying, and Tangwen.
Huang Binhong (1865-1955)
His first name was Maozhi, but he changed his name to Zhi after taking the exam, with the courtesy name Pucun, because there was Binhong Pavilion in Tandu Village where he lived, so he was named Binhong. Rewrite it as Bin Hong, and use the character line after middle age. Other names include Yuxiang, Hongruo, Honglu, Hongsou, Huangshanshanzhongren, etc.
Originally from She County, Anhui Province, he was born in Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province. He was a tribute student in his early years and served as a minor official. He later abandoned his official position and participated in anti-Qing activities. He fled to Shanghai in 1907 and later worked as an editor, reporter, and professor at Changming Art College, Xinhua Art College, and Shanghai Art College. In 1937, he went to Peking and served as professor of Peking Art College. In 1948, he went to Hangzhou and served as a professor at the National Art College. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Huang Binhong served as a professor at the East China Branch of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, vice chairman of the East China Branch of the Chinese Artists Association, and a member of the second session of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. The collection of more than 2,000 pieces of epigraphic, calligraphy and painting cultural relics and more than 5,000 pieces of calligraphy and painting works during his lifetime were all donated to the country. The People's Government built the "Painter Huang Binhong Memorial Hall" in Qixialing, Hangzhou. He is good at landscape painting, as well as flower and bird painting. He also conducts research and teaching on painting history and seal cutting, as well as the excavation, arrangement, compilation and publication of Chinese art heritage.
Huang Binhong is a great figure in the Chinese painting circle of the 20th century who connects the past and the future. Compared with other painting giants of the 20th century, Huang Binhong is more educated and full of literati temperament. In addition to the creation of landscape paintings, he has made outstanding contributions in the fields of epigraphy, art history, poetry, philology, compilation and publication of ancient books, etc. He wrote a lot of works in his life, including "An Examination of the Origin of Huangshan Painters", "A History of Chinese Painting", "Honglu Painting Talk", "A Brief Introduction to Ancient Paintings", "Huang Binhong's Painting Quotations", "Painting Studies", "Seal Studies", " "Bin Hong Shi Chao" and other 35 kinds.
Jian Jiang (1610-1664)
His common surname was Jiang, his courtesy name was Liuqi, his legal name was Hongren, and he was a native of Taoyuanwu, the county town. A member of the late Ming Dynasty. In the second year of Shunzhi (1645), after the Qing army captured Huizhou, he gave up his official position and went to Wuyi Mountain to become a monk under the guidance of Zen Master Guhang. Express your love in poetry, calligraphy and painting. He particularly admired Ni Zan (known as Yunlin), a landscape painter of the Yuan Dynasty, and was the first to put forward the slogan "dare to say that heaven and earth are my teachers". After returning from Fujian in the 13th year of Shunzhi (1656), he would visit Huangshan every year and describe Huangshan, Baiyue and Wuyi Zhenjing, based on the "real landscapes of Jiangnan", are known as the "Haiyang Four" together with Zha Shibiao, Wang Zhirui and Sun Yi. There are about 150 surviving works including "Huangshan Picture" and "Xiaojiang Fengben Picture". The artistic conception of his paintings is elegant and solemn, and he is the founder of the Xin'an School of Painting. Yan Zhenqing studied cursive calligraphy and Ni Yunlin studied regular calligraphy. The poems are also very skillful, and later generations compiled 148 poems in the "Collection of Paintings and Verses", mostly expressing his love for nature, and sometimes expressing his emotions about the worldly affairs of his family and country.
Wang Maoyin (1798-1865)
His courtesy name was Chunnian and his name was Huai. He was born in a Huizhou merchant family in the third year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty (1798). When he was young, he entered a private school and returned home in the morning and evening. He studied very hard. Later he studied at Ziyang Academy in the county seat. In the 10th year of Daoguang's reign (1830), according to his family's decision, he went to Luhe to manage the teahouse store. The next year, when Beiwei Enke was recruiting scholars, Wang Maoyin took the Jingzhao Examination as a supervisor and passed the examination. The following year, he became a Jinshi in high school and prepared for the Ministry of Official Accounts. But for the next 15 years, he worked as a "chief" or "walking" official in the Ministry of Household Affairs. It was not until he was 50 years old that he was promoted to the position of Guizhou Secretary Wailang in the Ministry of Household Affairs. Later, he was promoted to the right minister of the Ministry of Household Affairs and was in charge of Qian Fatang affairs. He became one of the officials in charge of fiscal and monetary affairs in the Qing court. He has successively served as Shaoqing of Taichang Temple, Minister of Taipu Temple, Zuo Fudu Censor, Minister of Household Affairs, Ministry of Works, Minister of War, and Right Minister of Personnel. Wang Maoyin served as a Beijing official for 30 years and lived through the three dynasties of Daoguang, Xianfeng and Tongzhi. He did not bring any family members with him and lived alone in the Shexian Guild Hall. He was famous for his gentleness in his sleeves and his outspokenness and courage to give advice.
The Xianfeng Dynasty of the Qing Dynasty implemented two noteworthy monetary reform measures, namely issuing banknotes and minting large amounts of money. Wang Maoyin was the first advocate of banknotes in the Xianfeng Dynasty and a staunch opponent of making big money.
Tao Xingzhi (1891-1946)
His original name was Wen Jun, also known as Zhixing. A famous educator in modern times. He studied in the United States in his early years. After returning to China, he served as the academic director of Nanjing Normal University and the director-general of the China Education Improvement Society, and was engaged in the civilian education movement. Xiaozhuang Normal University was founded in 1927. In 1932, he founded the Life Education Society and the Shanhai Engineering Group to promote life education. After the "December 9th" Movement, with the help and influence of the Communist Party of China, he actively promoted anti-Japanese resistance and engaged in democratic movements. He successively founded educational schools and social universities, trained many revolutionary talents, and guided progressive young people to revolutionary base areas. He is the author of "China's Educational Reform", "Records of Bell Ringing in Ancient Temples", "Zhaifu's Free Talk", "Xingzhi's Letters", "Xingzhi's Poetry Collection", etc.