Two or three peach blossoms outside the bamboo forest and ducks in the water first noticed the warm spring. Artemisia arenaria is full of short reed buds, which is the time for puffer fish.
Su Shi
Su Shi (103765438+1October 8-1August 24), with the word Zizhan and the word Hezhong, was called "Dongpo layman" by the world. Han nationality, from Luancheng, Meizhou (now Meishan, Sichuan, Meishan City, Northern Song Dynasty). A famous writer, painter, poet and gourmet in the Northern Song Dynasty, one of the eight great poets in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and a representative of the unrestrained poets. His poetry, ci, fu and prose all have high achievements, and he is good at calligraphy and painting. He is a rare all-rounder in the history of literature and art in China, and he is also recognized as one of the most outstanding literary and artistic attainments in the history of China for thousands of years. His prose and Ouyang Xiu are called Ou Su; Poetry and Huang Tingjian are also called Su Huang; Ci and Xin Qiji are collectively called Su Xin; Calligraphy is listed as one of the four great calligraphers in the Northern Song Dynasty: Su, Huang, Mi and Cai. His paintings started the Huzhou School of Painting.
Su Shi, his father Su Xun and his brother Su Zhe are also called "Three Sus". Su Shi was a scholar at the age of twenty and worked in Fengxiang, Hangzhou, Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou during the Zongshen period. In the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), Huangzhou was demoted as an assistant of Yong Tuan because of the Wutai Poetry Case. After more than four years in Huangzhou, he cultivated land in Dongpo, hence the name "Dongpo lay man". After Zhezong acceded to the throne, he successively served as a bachelor of Hanlin, a bachelor of attendance, and a minister of rites, and was well known in Hangzhou, Yingzhou, Yangzhou and Dingzhou. In his later years, he was banished to Huizhou and Danzhou. Amnesty returned to the north, died in Changzhou on the way, and was buried in jia county, Henan Province, chasing Wen Zhonggong. Known as "Su Dongpo", it is called "Dongpo Jushi". According to historical records, Su Shi was "eight feet three inches long"
Yu, Su Shi is as generous as the sea. " Su Shi is the second son of Su Xun (the eldest son died). In the second year of Jiayou (1057), he joined his brother Su Zhe as a scholar. Dali was appointed as the judge and signed the book Fengxiang House. In the second year of Xining (1069), he returned to the DPRK after the expiration of his father's funeral system and sued the judge in court. Because he disagrees with the political views of Prime Minister Wang Anshi, he opposes the implementation of the new law (not completely disagreeing, but partially agreeing). He opposed it in the early stage, went deep into the people in the later stage, learned the benefits of the new law, and turned to favor the good aspects of the new law. ), from outside, out of Hangzhou. Later moved to Mizhou (now Zhucheng, Shandong Province) and moved to Xuzhou. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), he was involved in a "Wutai Poetry Case" and was responsible for granting Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei Province) as an envoy. He was placed in this state and was not allowed to sign official documents. The Empress Dowager Zhelai came to the DPRK, returned to the DPRK to serve Lang Zhi, and went to Dengzhou (now Penglai, Shandong). Four months later, he was transferred to the Ministry of Ritual as a doctor and served for less than ten days. In addition to housing, he also moved to the Library of China, and moved to Hanlin imperial academy (Second Product) to know the tribute of does. Yuan You went out to know Hangzhou in four years (1089), and later changed to know Yingzhou, Yangzhou and Dingzhou. In the eighth year of Yuan You (1093), the philosopher was in charge, relegated to Huizhou (now Huizhou City, Guangdong Province), and later joined Changhua Army (now Danzhou City, Hainan Province). Hui Zong acceded to the throne and returned to the north after being pardoned. Zhong Jian Yuan (11kloc-0/) died in Changzhou (now in Jiangsu) and was buried in Tancheng County, Ruzhou (now in Jiaxian County, Henan Province), at the age of 66, posthumous title Wenzhong (male).
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Su Shi's life
Song Sijia Su Shi
His father, Su Xun, was the "Sue" mentioned in The Amethyst at the age of 27. Su Xun worked hard, although he worked very late. In his later years, Su Shi recalled his childhood experience of studying with his father and felt that he was deeply influenced by his father. Of course, without Su Xun's hard work, Su Shi could not have got a good tutor in his childhood, not to mention "learning the general classic history, which belongs to thousands of words every day", and it is even more impossible to achieve literary achievements in the future.
In the first year of Jiayou (1056), 21-year-old Su Shi left Sichuan for Beijing for the first time to take the imperial examination in the imperial court. The following year, he took the examination of the Ministry of Rites and won the appreciation of Ouyang Xiu, the examiner, with an article on loyalty to punishment. However, Ouyang Xiu mistakenly thought that it was written by disciple Ceng Gong. In order to avoid suspicion, he had to come second.
In the sixth year of Jiayou (106 1 year), Su Shi was appointed as the judge of Fengxiang House and signed books in Dali. Later, his father died in Bianjing, and Ding returned to his hometown. In the second year of Xining (1069), he returned to the DPRK after his term of office, and he was still appointed. When he entered the DPRK as an official, it was the time when the political crisis in the Northern Song Dynasty began to appear, and the crisis was hidden behind the prosperity. At this time, Zongshen acceded to the throne and appointed Wang Anshi to support the political reform. Many of Su Shi's teachers and friends, including Ouyang Xiu, who admired him at the beginning, were forced to leave Beijing because they disagreed with the new Prime Minister Wang Anshi's implementation of the new law. The old rain in the ruling and opposition parties faded away, and what Su Shi saw in his eyes was no longer the "peaceful and prosperous times" he saw at the age of twenty.
On his way back to Beijing, Su Shi saw the harm of the new law to ordinary people, and because of his conservative political thoughts, he disagreed with Wang Anshi's approach to politics and thought that the new law could not facilitate the people, so he wrote a letter against it. As a result, like his teachers and friends who were forced to leave Beijing, they were not allowed to stay in the court. So Su Shi asked for his release and was transferred to Hangzhou to serve as a general. From then on, Su Shi misunderstood Wang Anshi and other reformists all his life.
Su Shi stayed in Hangzhou for three years. After his term, he was transferred to Mizhou, Xuzhou, Huzhou and other places. Outstanding achievements, won the hearts of the people.
This lasted for about ten years, and Su Shi met the first disaster in his life. At that time, some people (Li Ding and others) deliberately distorted his poems, and made a big fuss in the name of satirizing the new law. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), Su Shi arrived in Huzhou for less than three months, and was arrested and imprisoned for writing poems satirizing the new law and making up "slandering the monarch", which is known in history as the Wutai Poetry Case.
Su Shi was imprisoned 103 days and was on the verge of beheading several times. Thanks to the national policy of not killing literati during the Mao period in the Northern Song Dynasty, Su Shi escaped.
After he was released from prison, Su Shi was demoted to be Ying Yong's assistant in Huangzhou (now Huanggang County, Hubei Province) (equivalent to the vice captain of modern civil self-defense forces). This position is rather humble and has no real power. At this time, Su Shi has been disheartened after this campaign. After Su Shi came to power, his mood was low. He went to Chibi Collection outside Huangzhou City many times, and wrote famous works such as "Red Cliff Fu", "The Queen of Red Cliff Fu" and "Niannujiao, Red Cliff Nostalgia" to express his thoughts and feelings when he was in exile. Yu led his family to reclaim a sloping land in the east of the city and farm to supplement their livelihood. It was at this time that he got the nickname "Dongpo lay man".
In the seventh year of Yuanfeng in Song Shenzong (1084), Su Shi left Huangzhou and went to Ruzhou. Due to the long distance and tiring journey, Su Shi's children died unfortunately. Ruzhou is far away, and all the tolls have been used up. Coupled with the pain of losing his son, Su Shi wrote to the court, requesting not to go to Ruzhou for the time being, and to live in Changzhou first, and then was approved. When he was ready to return to Changzhou, Zongshen passed away.
The young Zhezong ascended the throne, the empress dowager listened to politics, the new party headed by Wang Anshi was suppressed, and Sima Guang was re-enabled as prime minister.
Su Shi
. So Su Shi was recalled to North Korea as a doctor by the Ministry of Rites in 1998. Mr. Scheeren was promoted to power, and three months later, he was promoted to Mr. Scheeren in Zhongshu, and soon he was promoted to imperial academy (the secretary who drafted the imperial edict for the emperor).
Su Shi saw the emerging forces desperately suppressing the figures of Wang Anshi Group and abolishing the new law. He thought that they were just birds of a feather with the so-called "Wang Dang" and once again offered advice and suggestions to the emperor.
So far, Su Shi can neither tolerate the new party nor forgive the old party, so he once again asked for a transfer. As a bachelor of Longtuge, he once again went to Hangzhou after a long absence 16 to serve as the prefect. Su Shi built a major water conservancy project in Hangzhou, dredged the West Lake, and built a dam beside the West Lake with dredged silt, which is the famous "Su Causeway".
Su Shi lived happily in Hangzhou and compared himself to Bai Juyi in the Tang Dynasty. But in the sixth year of Yuan You (109 1), he was recalled to North Korea. But soon, due to political disagreement, Yingzhou was released. In the eighth year of Yuan You (1093), the new party came to power again and was demoted to Huiyang (now Huizhou, Guangdong). Then, Su Shi was exiled to Danzhou (now Hainan) farther away. It is said that in the Song Dynasty, banishing Hainan was only a lighter punishment than copying others. After Hui Zong acceded to the throne, he was transferred to Lianzhou for resettlement, Zhou Shuan for permanent resettlement and Yongzhou for resettlement. The third year (1 10 1) was pardoned and Chao's identity was restored. On his way back to the North, he died in Changzhou at the age of 64.