1 Four Treasures of the Study
The basic tools for learning calligraphy are: pen, ink, paper and inkstone. Is what we usually call Four Treasures of the Study.
2 brush classification
According to the written materials, it can be divided into: tire brush, wolf brush (wolf hair), rabbit shoulder purple brush (purple hair), deer brush, chicken brush, duck brush, wool brush, pig brush (bristle brush), mouse brush (moustache brush), tiger brush, ox ear brush, stone badger brush and so on. And rabbit hair, wool, etc.
According to the commonly used size, the brush can be simply divided into: lower case, middle case and upper case. The bigger ones are screen pen, couplet pen, bucket pen, pen planting and so on.
According to the elastic strength of bristles, they can be divided into soft hair, hard hair and double-stranded brush.
According to the purpose, it can be divided into brush and paint brush.
According to the shape, it can be divided into round hair and pointed hair.
According to the length of the pen, it can be divided into: long front, center and short front.
Generally speaking, wool quilt is soft and elastic, which is difficult to use; The wolf is healthy, flexible and easy to use; Roujian's pen made of two different animal hairs is called double brush, which is easier to use. It is best to use different styles of writing selectively, and you need to explore it yourself slowly.
3 writing methods
There is no fixed method for writing with a brush, but what should I do? Fingers are empty? That is, the fingertips forcibly control the pen tube, the palm is empty, and the flexible sports pen is long or short, which is a personal habit.
What has been widely used? Five-character writing? . The five-character writing method is to summarize the functions of the five fingers with the words "one", "pledge", "hook", "case" and "ground". It emphasizes that the five fingers perform their duties, cooperate with each other, write smoothly, and make the pen move flexibly up and down, left and right.
Five-finger writing essentials: pointing to reality, palm deficiency, palm vertical, wrist flat and straight.
Refers to the reality, that is, the fingers should have the power to hold the pen tube, the outer four fingers should be close together, and the joints should be outward, dense but not loose. Special attention should be paid to make the middle joint of the medial thumb protrude outward, make the tiger's mouth round like a stirrup, and make the five fingers work together, which is not only solid and powerful, but also helpful for writing. Keep the pen elastic and moderate. Too tight, not working properly; It's too loose to work. Only by pointing to reality can we do it? No false hair, no ink overflow, concentration and stable writing. ?
Palm deficiency means that when writing, the palm should be empty, the fingers should not be bent, and the ring finger and little finger should not be attached to the palm, as if holding an egg in your hand. The gap between thumb and forefinger should be wider. In this way, the pen can be steady and flexible. The purpose of palm deficiency is to relax the muscles and bones of the palm, otherwise the fingers and wrists will be stiff and tense, which is not conducive to writing.
The palm is upright, that is, the palm should be as upright as possible when writing. Only when the palm is upright can it be straight, and only when it is straight can it be straight. The front line is regular, full of potential and running freely. Otherwise, the pen tube will be skewed, the strokes will be skewed, and the strokes will easily become skewed.
Wrist level means that the wrist should be parallel to the desktop. Kang Youwei said: If you want to do your best, you must stand flat? . Because when writing, the power is transmitted to the pen tip through the wrist. In order to facilitate wrist movement, the wrist should be flat. Wrist and palm are interrelated. Straight tube leads to forward straightness, which is closely related to wrist movement and palm verticality. Palm upright, wrist flat, straight tube straight forward, combined with hanging elbow pen, both flexible and powerful. Because the key to writing is wrist strength.
Keep the pen straight and try to keep the pen tube vertical when writing, so that the strokes are easy to stay in the center. However, in the specific process of carrying pens, the pen tube sometimes has to be tilted. What is important is that it is inclined, it can be straight and its center of gravity is stable.
It should be noted that; The picture of the writing method in the textbook shows that the pen tube is slightly inclined. Because when writing with a brush, the pen tube is not always upright, it has to change direction with the process of starting, writing and receiving the pen.
4 copy method
(1) Selection of rubbings: The selection of rubbings is the key to practicing calligraphy well. Choose your favorite copybook and copy it neatly and symmetrically. ? Master leads the door, and practice depends on individuals? Only with a good master and hard work can we gradually practice calligraphy and become a master of calligraphy.
(2) Copying with Copying: When learning Chinese characters, we should combine copying with copying. Copying means putting the copybook under a relatively transparent calligraphy paper and drawing it with a pen bit by bit according to the words on the copybook? Draw red? . It is required that the handwriting of the pen should not exceed the strokes of the brush, but should be written in the middle of the stippling on the copybook. In this way, over time, it is easy to learn the structure of words in copybooks. The so-called pro is to put the copybook next to the calligraphy paper; Draw a gourd according to the words on the post. It is required that stippling be written like painting, so that over time, it is easy to learn the strokes of words on copybooks. Affinity and copying are two complementary means of learning Chinese characters, which should be combined with copying step by step.
(3) Read the paste carefully: read the paste carefully before copying, carefully consider how to write the words, how to arrange the structure and how to arrange the rules, and find out the rules, so that it is easy to write with interest and easy to write well. Don't be greedy when copying, but be quick. Stick to it for an hour or two every day and copy a few words repeatedly, and there will be tangible gains. For words that are difficult to write, we should learn from the difficulties, copy more and compare more.
(4) Reciting, verifying and using: Besides copying, you should also be able to recite, verify and use. Reciting is to write without reading the post, so that you can write the words on the post without reading the post and strive to be beautiful; The core is to check the words written on the back with the words posted. See if there are any mistakes, and be good at finding your own shortcomings and correcting them; Use is practice, applying what you have learned to real life, and consolidating and improving what you have learned in practice.
(5) learn from others. After copying a copybook, you should learn from others and present some other copybooks. You can also constantly revise your writing habits and styles, re-select writing content and write new works.
5 brushwork skills
If you write by the pen, the strokes will be thick. Just lift them up. Just like a person's walking feet, one falls and the other rises, constantly alternating, and the pen keeps pressing in the process of writing. Only in this way can lines with different thicknesses be produced.
Every time you write a stroke, there are three processes: input, writing and receiving. Do you have a pen? Lu Feng? Method: Follow the stroke to make the beginning of the stroke sharp or square; what's up Tibetan front method? , head into the pen, horizontal painting first right and then left, vertical painting first down, so that the nib is hidden in the stroke, the beginning of the stroke is basically round. You must learn how to write. Center pen? , so that the front end often runs in the middle of stippling. In order to make strokes more powerful, we should learn to use the pen unsmiling, leaving lines in the middle and lines in the middle to avoid glitz. do you have a fountain pen？ Lu Feng? Take a pen out of the paper and draw a sharp shape, such as hanging a needle, skimming, pressing and hooking. Tibet Front? Put the pen tip back into the painting, such as hanging vertically, and the end of the stroke is round.
Knot is also called knot structure or shelf structure. Mr. Qi Gong once pointed out that to write a brush, it is necessary to grasp the structure of the pen holder and practice the characteristics of strokes. Frame structure is more important than stippling. Words with good spacing are not prominent in stroke characteristics and pleasing to the eye; Not the other way around. Therefore, it is very important to study and master the structural rules of words carefully. So-called? Beginner in distribution, but seeking justice? .
Learning to write should start with regular script or official script. After mastering all kinds of brushwork, you will have the foundation to learn other calligraphy styles. Sticking is a necessary means to practice good handwriting. If you don't stick to your post, you can't write it yourself Learning to write Chinese calligraphy requires perseverance, perseverance, arrogance and rashness, and it can't get cold all at once. Often say:? As long as the time is deep, the iron pestle is ground into a needle? . As long as you stick to the law of learning, you will certainly learn something.
6 preventive measures
Calligraphy is an art. To practice calligraphy well, we should pay attention to the following points:
(A) establish a correct concept of learning books: Words can't be used for a hundred days? Practicing calligraphy requires the spirit of hard work, preparation and persistence. Don't give up halfway
(2) Choose a suitable writing instrument:? Four Treasures of the Study? It is a tool that should be prepared for practicing calligraphy. Choose the right use, so-called? If a worker wants to do a good job, he must sharpen his tools first? . If you choose it improperly, it will affect the efficiency and progress of the exercise. Beginners can choose wolf hair or double-headed brush first. Be sure to clean it after use, dry and straighten the bristles, and take good care of them, so as to prolong the service life of the brush!
(3) Starting from block letters, gradually enter the pen: to practice calligraphy, you should choose a suitable method. You should start with simple capital letters. Generally speaking, it is more advantageous to write ten centimeters square, but it should not be too small. Step by step, don't aim too high, haste makes waste. We should lay a good foundation for calligraphy practice.