The origin of China's ink bamboo painting has been inconclusive. In the Tang Dynasty, Bai Juyi said in the Song of Painting Bamboo: "Bamboo among plants is difficult to write, and there is no painting in ancient and modern times." It can be seen that there were bamboo paintings long before Bai Juyi. Because the bamboo painting at that time had not been handed down, I don't know whether it was colored or ink bamboo.
Bamboo painting in the Tang Dynasty has become an independent theme, and famous artists specializing in bamboo painting, such as Xiao Yue, began to appear. He is good at drawing bamboo with elegant colors. The "one color" here may be pure cyan or green, not the black of ink bamboo painting, but the artistic abstraction of bamboo has begun, which is a key step for meticulous color bamboo painting to move towards ink bamboo painting. Xiaoyue cherishes his art very much. Someone begged him to draw only one stick, but he hasn't got it for a year. On one occasion, he drew fifteen bamboo poles and gave them to the poet Bai Juyi. Bai Juyi thanked him for his kindness and admired his art, and wrote the above-mentioned bamboo painting song. Wen Tong, Zi He Ke, whose real name is Mr. Xiaoxiao, alias Mr. Shishi, was born in Yongtai, Zizhou (now Yanting East, Sichuan). I studied hard when I was young, and I learned well when I was about 20 years old. I was praised and envied. He has served in Qiongzhou, Yangzhou and other States, but he "sat silently in the painting pavilion and recited poems on the shore." Some people say that stealing time is too defensive, and it is called Mr. Lu. "He has no intention of becoming famous, but he likes reading and painting. At the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, Wen Tong, 6 1 year-old, was appointed as the magistrate of Huzhou, and died before taking office, so he was named Wen Huzhou. Wen Tongshan is good at poetry, calligraphy and painting. Feng, Li, Xing, Cao and Cao are all excellent. Wentong especially likes painting ink bamboo. Wen Tong and Su Shi are cousins and are best friends in poetry, calligraphy and painting. Once, they painted colorful bamboos on a piece of silk more than a foot long and gave them to Su Shi. Su Shi specially wrote the story of painting bamboo in literature and valley, expounded Wen Tong's theory of ink and bamboo painting, and put forward the famous conclusion of "bamboo in the chest".
Wentong's ink painting and bamboo painting greatly surpassed their predecessors. As the saying goes, "when the yellow bell shakes, the earthen pot loses its voice." Su Shi described Wen Tong as painting bamboo and said, "If you are familiar with his pen, you will see the person he wants to paint. He started from it in a hurry, shocked, and tried to catch up with what he saw, such as a rabbit falling, and he died if he was short. " It seems that Wen Tong's painting of bamboo belongs to the freehand brushwork school. However, if we look closely at the ink bamboo paintings handed down from generation to generation, the painting style is still realistic. The poles, branches, leaves and nodes painted by Wen Tong are very similar to real bamboo. Wen Tong is especially good at painting bamboo leaves, "with deep ink as the surface and light ink as the back". Some of Wentong's ink bamboo paintings use thick ink on the front and light ink on the back, painting bamboo leaves, and the positive and negative shades are patchy. Not only that, Wen Tong meticulously drew all the twists and turns of leaves, and drew bamboo knots by sketching and rendering. Because Wen Tong painted bamboo, he introduced the abstract beauty and layout beauty of China's calligraphy into Mozhu painting, which made Mozhu painting break away from meticulous flower-and-bird painting. Therefore, its Mozhu painting is realistic and not cumbersome, with both form and spirit, and is very popular. At the same time, Su Shi and others all studied his painting, and later there were more followers. As a result, the "Hu Bi School" was formed in China painting circle, and Wen Tong became a great master. Wen Tong, Su Shi, Zhao Mengfu and Wu Changshuo are the main representatives of Huzhou Bamboo School. Among them, Zhao Mengfu and Wu Changshuo are from Huzhou, and Wentong and Su Shi are both Huzhou magistrates. For this reason, the only school of painting called by place names is Huzhou Bamboo School, and it is also an important school with the longest history, which has influenced the whole painting history of China. In the Ming Dynasty, Lotus Confucianism wrote Huzhou Bamboo School. Now,
Su Shi is also the magistrate of Huzhou. He loved bamboo all his life. "You can't live without meat." No meat makes people thin, no bamboo makes people vulgar. People are thin and fat, but most people are hopeless, so he paints bamboo very well and is an important figure of Huzhou Bamboo School. Once sitting in court, on a whim, I picked up a brush and dipped it in Zhu Mo, drawing a picture of Zhu Zhu. Some people say: there is only bamboo in the world, where did it come from? He asked: People draw bamboo with black ink, but where can there be ink bamboo in the world? It is said that because of his initiative, Zhu Zhu became popular in literati painting. Su Shi learned bamboo painting from Wen Tong, and at the same time gave him great help and influence in painting theory. Six months after Wen Tong's death, Su Shi read Wen Tong's painting "Bamboo Painting in the Moon Valley". Seeing things and thinking about people, I cried bitterly and wrote the story of Wen and Yue Gu painting bamboo with tears. He summed up Wen Tong's bamboo painting theory and put forward the idea that bamboo painting must come first.
Su Shi painted bamboo from bottom to top, unlike ordinary people who painted bamboo poles one by one. Mi Fei asked him what was going on, and he replied, "When bamboo was born, why didn't it be born one by one?" In view of the tendency of painting at that time, he put forward the view that "painting looks like a child, seeing his neighbors". Mr and Mrs Zhao Mengfu.
In the Yuan Dynasty, the ink plays of literati swept the painting world, and a large number of people came forth in large numbers, forming the heyday of China's ink and bamboo painting. Zhao Mengfu, Guan Daosheng, Ke, Zhenwu, Gu An and Li Xizhai are all masters of ink painting.
Zhao Mengfu, in particular, as an all-round painter, knows everything about figures, landscapes, flowers and bamboo stones, especially painting horses. Zhao Mengfu painted ink bamboo, and he would use flying white as a stone, while Jin Cuodao painted ink bamboo. The painted bamboo stone is a combination of reality and reality, which makes each other interesting. Zhao Mengfu's wife, Guan Daosheng, is good at calligraphy and painting and started a new bamboo industry. Similarly, the flying white stone is used as a boulder, and the boulder painted by Guan Daosheng is richer in layers, and the bamboo leaves are painted in thick ink, which is elegant and elegant. Guan Furen also drew a bamboo stick on the cliff, and Yang Lianfu wrote a cloud: "The coral stick was caught in the net and thrown into the valley." Chao Zhu, created by Guan Daosheng and Daochuang, became the representative work of Huzhou Bamboo School. Zhao Mengfu put forward that "calligraphy and painting are of the same origin", following the tradition of "calligraphy and painting are of the same origin" in previous dynasties, and advocated "painting with books", that is, expressing one's temperament with calligraphy; He also put forward the famous "theory of ancient meaning", the essence of which is to relive the interest of Jin and Tang Dynasties and create a new trend of the times. Song Ke, Wang Bi, Xia Fang and others in Ming Dynasty basically inherited the painting methods in Song and Yuan Dynasties.
Song Ke's name is Wen Zhong, and he was born in Nangongli, the mainland of his parents. He is good at cursive writing, and most of the ink bamboo he draws is fine bamboo. Good at painting bamboo clusters, dense layout, misty rain, far-reaching artistic conception. I used to sweep bamboo with a brush at the end of the proving ground. Zhang Boyu has a saying "I occasionally see a red carnation", which refers to Zhu Zhu in Song Ke.
Wang Bi, whose name is Meng Duan, is You Shi, also known as Jiulong Mountain, and is from Wuxi. Wang Bi's ink bamboo paintings won the reputation of Wentong and Zhenwu. The ink bamboo painted by Elvis Presley is free and easy. The frame between square inches has the characteristics of xiaoxiang Qiao, revealing all kinds of wonderful things. Wang Bi draws bamboo with ink, pays attention to creative inspiration, and must start writing. People who like his paintings send gold and silk to force him to close the door. One day, he heard the melodious flute under the moon, and on a whim, he wrote a picture of bamboo and stone. The next day, he took the painting to the man who played the flute last night and sent it. Piper and businessman have always appreciated Wang Bi's paintings. He was overjoyed when he received the bamboo and stone painting, so he quickly returned a red carpet and asked him to draw another one for a pair. Elvis Presley smiled and said, "I came to visit you for the flute. I wanted to use this as a reward, but I didn't expect you to be such a vulgar person. After that, Wang Bi wanted to return to the bamboo stone map and tear it up.
Xia Chang, also known as Yu Feng, was born in Kunshan. Xia Fang painted ink bamboo and studied under Wang Gu, which was wonderful and was pushed to the first place at that time. The ink bamboo he painted is a painter who pays attention to rules, because it lies flat and upright, with shadows, smoky postures and rainy colors. His works are also famous abroad. At that time, there was such a ballad: "Xia Qing has a bamboo, and the west is cool with an ingot of gold."
A native of Qiantang, a native of Jiaxing, was named Confucius Sun. Exquisite calligraphy, good at writing ink bamboo, claiming to be the pen of Wu, and inheriting Huzhou. When his right arm was sick in his later years, he wrote and drew with his left hand, which was very charming. It is said that when he wrote Zhu Lan, it was worthless at first, and everyone could look forward to reading it. But when he wrote his most proud work, he kept it for himself and said, "I'll leave it to myself to test the difference between young people and young people."
Xu Wei (1521—1593), a native of Yinshan, Zhejiang Province, was a writer and painter with innovative ideas during Jiajing and Wanli periods in the Ming Dynasty. His life is bumpy, but full of romantic passion. His poems, books, paintings, music, opera and even fencing are all first-rate. He created a freehand brushwork of ink and wash, combined with the inscription and postscript of poetry, and created a new style of literati painting. Influence, contributed to the rise of Shi Tao, Eighth National Congress, Li Yi, Zhao, Wu Changshuo, Qi Baishi and others. Zheng Banqiao even carved a seal saying that he was an Ivy League lackey. Shi Tao (1640—— about 17 18) in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, formerly known as Zhu Ruoji, was born in troubled times. He was originally a descendant of King Jingjing of Guilin and became a monk. He changed his name to Yuanji, Yuanji, Chaoji, Daoji, and was named as Didazi and Qing Xiang Old Man. Shi Tao painted bamboo, his brushwork was bold and unrestrained, and he broke away from convention, which pioneered the freehand brushwork of ink bamboo. Shi Tao painted bamboo mostly with raw rice paper, and his pen was bold and unrestrained, dripping with ink, thick and colorful, with thousands of branches and leaves, and his brushwork was straight and without stagnation. He swept away the weather of palaces and gardens that have been followed in past dynasties, and the sudden heavy rain and strong wind, dripping with smoke, came to the bottom of the pen one by one, which is called "field battle." Shi Tao's talent is extremely high, and his ink bamboo paintings are not limited to form, but win with potential, giving people a refreshing feeling.
Yangzhou Eight Eccentrics is also an expert in ink painting and bamboo painting, especially Zheng Banqiao, who devoted his life to Zhu Lan, and his skills are beyond others' reach. Because he can always come back to life from maturity and has the defamiliarization ability of artistic perception, he can always maintain a strong creative vitality in Zhu Mo's paintings, and Zhu Mo's paintings have also emerged in an endless stream for decades. Since Shi Tao created the great freehand brushwork style of Mozhu painting, Zheng Xie also created the small freehand brushwork style. His ink bamboo paintings are beautiful, simple and far-reaching, and reveal a pure air. There are not a few painters in Huzhou who are good at creating ink bamboo, and their works have had an impact at home and abroad. A group of folk "bamboo friends" in our city inherited and carried forward the traditional culture of "Huzhou Bamboo School" and spontaneously formed the "F4" painting circle. Through online publicity and communication, the web page they founded has been viewed more than one million times on the Internet, becoming the "star" of the online painting circle and supported by millions of netizens, and is called by the online painting circle. None of these three swordsmen are professional artists, but they have been engaged in ink and bamboo painting for more than 30 years, forming their own school. They spread this platform through the Internet and let more people know about Huzhou Bamboo School and their performances through their own works. In the early days, their works were changed from painting to painting, and 50 yuan/painting was transferred. Today, their paintings have reached the price of 2000 yuan per foot. It is traditional culture and modern network that have created a new generation of "network painters". 20 13 From June 20th to 22nd, 100 pieces of ink bamboo paintings were exhibited in Huzhou Library for the first time, including four-foot eight pieces and four-foot four-foot three pieces. These works have absorbed tradition and made innovations, and the exhibition has aroused great social repercussions.