Bai Juyi (772-846) was born in Xinzheng, Henan, and his ancestral home was Taiyuan, Shanxi. He was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty and one of the three great poets in the Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen * * * advocated the new Yuefu movement, and together with Liu Yuxi, they called the world "Bai Yuan" and "Bai Liu".
Bai Juyi's poems have a wide range of themes, diverse forms and simple and popular language, and are known as "the poet's magic" and "the king of poets". Official to Hanlin bachelor, Zuo Zanshan doctor. In 846 AD, Bai Juyi died in Luoyang and was buried in Xiangshan. Up to now, there are Bai's "Changqing Collection", and the representative works include Song of Eternal Sorrow, Charcoal Man, Pipa Travel and so on.
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As a great poet with far-reaching influence in the middle Tang Dynasty, Bai Juyi's poetic thought and creation, with its outstanding popularity and realism, occupies an important position in the history of China's poetry. In Jiu Shu Tong Yuan, he clearly said: "Servants aim to help the two, and they are independent. Always serve the Tao, and invent poetry.
Calling it a satirical poem is also aimed at helping others; It's called leisure poetry, which is not bad. "It can be seen that among Bai Juyi's four kinds of poems, the first two are the most important, because they reflect his' serving and always being good'. At the same time, I put forward my own literary ideas:
"Articles are combined with the times, and songs and poems are combined with each other." His poetic ideas are mainly based on the creation of early satirical poems. As early as the early Yuan Dynasty, Bai Juyi showed a tendency to emphasize realism, popularity and irony: "If there is no textual research on today's praise and demotion, there is a lack of punishment and persuasion;" If the poem "The Beauty Sting" does not test politics, then the significance of the make-up test will be abolished.
Those who give admonition to Ci are rewarded for their adoption, although they are wild by nature. "("On the Balance of Article 68 ") The function of poetry is to punish evil and persuade good, and to make up for current politics. The means of poetry is praise and criticism, admonition and satire, so he advocates: "Set up an official of poetry, open the way of satire, examine its gains and losses, and communicate its ups and downs." "