Qin Zhuan and Han Li refer to the seal script of the Qin Dynasty. The official script of the two Han Dynasties is the official script as follows:
The unified script of the Qin Dynasty is called Xiaozhuan.
The Small Seal Script was implemented after Qin Shihuang unified China (in 221 BC) and implemented the policy of unifying weights and measures of "books with the same text and carriages with the same rails". On the basis of simplification, the other Six Kingdoms characters were eliminated, and a unified writing form of Chinese characters was created.
The significance of seal script in calligraphy creation is to convey a primitive and mysterious beauty and inspire people to think about some very fundamental issues. Its value has two categories: practical and artistic.
Practical value is reflected in plaques and titles used in some occasions that need to express classical style, elegance, and spring and snow; artistic value is reflected in calligraphy works in the form of seal script.
Characteristics of Xiaozhuan
1. It is rectangular, with one and a half characters in square regular script as the measure, one character as the main body, and half characters as the vertical feet. The approximate ratio is about 3:2.
2. The strokes are horizontally and vertically, evenly rounded, and basically the same thickness. All horizontal and vertical paintings are equidistant and parallel, and all strokes are mainly circles, with circles rising and closing, circles within squares, and squares within circles, making the circles flexible and interesting.
3. Balance, symmetry, and space division. Balance and symmetry are the unique charms of seal script. Symmetry not only exists in left-right symmetry and up-down symmetry, but also exists in the local symmetry of the characters and the symmetry of the left and right inclinations of the arc-shaped strokes.
4. Tighten the top and loosen the bottom. The main part of most characters in Xiaozhuan is in the upper half, and the lower half is a telescopic hanging foot. Of course, there are also characters with no feet at the bottom. The main strokes are in the lower part, and the upper strokes can be raised.