Zhu (1 130 65438+20001October 22-65438+April 23, 2000), with a dark personality, was called Huian and Kaoting, and later called Huiweng, also known as Mr. Ziyang, Master Ziyang, Sick Old Cangzhou and Zhangzhou.
Huizhou Wuyuan (now Wuyuan County, Shangrao City, Jiangxi Province) was born in Youxi County, Fujian Road, Southern Song Dynasty (now Youxi County, Sanming City, Fujian Province). Zhu Cheng, a Neo-Confucianism scholar in the Southern Song Dynasty, is a master of Neo-Confucianism, and scholars all respect him as Zhu Xi.
Zhu's family was poor, but he was smart since he was a child. In the eighteenth year of Shaoxing (1 148), he was only nineteen years old. He lived in four dynasties: Gaozong, Xiaozong, Guangzong and Zhu Zong. Yu Jianyang's Yungu Caojietang was named "Huian" and gave lectures here. Because it was named "Kaoting Academy", it was called "Kaoting School" in the world and "Ziyang School" in the world because of Zhu posthumous title's "Ziyang".
Zhu is the only person who is not a disciple handed down by Confucius, but likes to visit the Confucius Temple. He ranks among the twelve philosophers in Dacheng Hall and is worshipped by Confucianism. Zhu is a student, a disciple of Cheng Er (Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi), and he is also called a school with Cheng Er. Zhu's Neo-Confucianism had a great influence on the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and became the official philosophy of the three generations. He is another person after Confucius in the educational history of China.
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Zhu was a famous philosopher, thinker and educator in the Southern Song Dynasty. Since childhood, he studied calligraphy with his father Zhu Song, Liu Zikai, Liu Mianzhi and Mr. Shen Hu, tasted Cao Mengde's books, and then attacked Zhong You's regular script and Yan Zhenqing's cursive script. He has been in the pool all his life, with superb calligraphy and rich pen and ink.
Moreover, since the Yuan Dynasty, his thoughts and theories have become the official philosophy of China, which not only profoundly influenced China's traditional ideology and culture, but also spread abroad with great influence. The fame of his thoughts and theories concealed the brilliance of his calligraphy art. Zhu Shan is a good grass, especially good at Chinese characters. The works handed down today are mainly running scripts and bamboo slips, with little ink in big characters.
Zhu's academic thought also has an important influence in the history of world culture. Zhu's main philosophical works include Notes to Four Books, Four Books or Topics, Illustrations of Taiji, Interpretation of General Books, Interpretation of Mingxi, Original Meaning of Zhouyi and Enlightenment of Yijing. In addition, there is "Zhuzi language", which is a question and answer between him and his disciples; Jin Lu Si is a summary of his works on Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties.
Zhu's philosophical system contains the theory of artistic beauty. He believes that beauty is the unity of aesthetic feeling and moral goodness. Based on the viewpoint that beauty is the unity of external beauty and internal moral goodness, the harmonious unity of literature and quality, literature and Taoism is perfect. His research on The Book of Songs and Songs of the South often shows keen aesthetic insight.