1. Origin of the surname
The surname Hu (Hù) has two origins:
1. Originated from the surname Si, who is a descendant of King Yu of the Day. The name of the country is Shi. According to "Customs", "Zuo Zhuan", "Han Shu" and other records, after Dayu's death, his son Qi inherited the throne and established the Xia Dynasty, calling itself Xia Hou Qi. This approach destroyed the traditional abdication system and caused dissatisfaction among some vassal states. One of the vassal states had the Hu clan, and was also a descendant of Dayu. He was granted the title of Hu (in the area around today's Hu County, Shaanxi Province) and established the state of Hu. The leader of the Hu clan felt responsible for maintaining the traditional system, so he launched an army to attack Xia Houqi. Qi immediately summoned all the princes in the world to mobilize troops to suppress the attack. Since Yu had just died, the princes still remembered Yu's great achievements and were willing to send troops to help Qi, so Qi had the upper hand. The armies of both sides met in Gan (south of Hu County). Before the battle, Qi issued an oath to his subordinates, which was the "Gan's Oath" included in "Shangshu". It listed Youhu's crimes and announced the battle plan and rewards and punishments. After the battle began, although everyone in the Hu family fought bravely, they were outnumbered and ended up defeated. Xia Houqi took advantage of the situation and destroyed the Youhu clan. There were people of the Hu family, who later took their surname from the original country and were called the Hu family. The Hu surname was later divided into two surnames: Hu and Hu. In fact, the three characters Hu, Hu, and Hu have the same pronunciation but different characters, so they are actually the same surname. The surname Hu is derived from the surname Hu, which was changed from Hu to Yi, and the surname Hu was changed from Hu to Hu in the Qin Dynasty.
2. It comes from the three-character surname Hudi Qian of the Xianbei people. According to "Wei Shu·Guan Shi Zhi", during the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Northern Xianbei tribe in the Later Wei Dynasty had a three-character surname of Hu Di Qian. After entering the Central Plains, it was changed to two surnames of Hu and Qian.
Ancestors of the Hu family: There is the Hu family. The Hu also serves as the household and the Hu. According to legend, he was the prince of Xia. The surname Si was given by Qizhi's concubine brother. Yu passed the throne to Qi, but he refused to accept it and fought with Qi in Gan (now Hu County, Shaanxi Province). He was defeated and destroyed ("Historical Records·Xia Benji"). His hometown is in the north of Hu County, Shaanxi Province. One said that Yu once used troops to attack ("Zhuangzi: The World in the World"). According to the records of "Customs", there were descendants of the Hu family in the Xia Dynasty, and their surnames were based on Guo. According to the records in "Tongzhi Clan Brief", the Hu family came from the surname Si, who was a prince in the Xia Dynasty. In the Xia Dynasty, it was Chonghu, and in the Qin Dynasty it was changed to Yu. After the fall of the country, the descendants took the surname of the country and were called the Hu family. According to records in "Historical Records", the Hu family in our country are the descendants of "Youhu" who fought against Xia Qi. Youhu was a country at that time, located in the north of what is now Yu County, Shaanxi Province. After they were conquered by Xia Yu, they became members of the Chinese nation, followed the customs when entering the country, and gradually "regarded the country as their surname" and adopted the surname Hu.
2. Migration Distribution
(None) The surname Hu is not among the top 100 surnames in both mainland China and Taiwan. The surname Hu comes from the surname Si. In ancient times, Emperor Yao abdicated his throne to Emperor Shun, and Emperor Shun abdicated his throne to Dayu because of his achievements in controlling floods. Dayu later passed the throne to his son Qi, who established the Xia Dynasty, known as Xia Qi in history. Because Dayu violated the traditional practice of abdication, he aroused dissatisfaction among some princes. One of them, the Youhu clan, raised an army to oppose Qi, but was defeated by Qi and the clan was almost extinct. In order to seek refuge, the remaining members of the Hu family changed their surname to Hu, which became the origin of the surname Hu. It is said that after Qi established the Xia Dynasty, he enfeoffed his descendants in Hu (today's Hu County, Shaanxi Province) and established the Hu State. Some of the descendants of the duke clan of the state of Hu took the name of the country and were called the Hu family, which is another source of the surname Hu today. The surname Hu originated in Hu County, Shaanxi Province. Due to historical reasons, it was later dispersed throughout the country. One branch settled in Macheng County, Huguang. Later, due to the prosperity of the family, they were framed, and some tribesmen moved to various places. One branch moved to Guizhou, and the current ones are distributed in Tongzi, Guizhou; some are distributed in Shijiao Town, Qijiang County, Chongqing; some are distributed in Jiangjin, Chongqing and other places .
3. Historical celebrities
Hu Meng: courtesy name Riyong (914 or 915-986), a native of Anci, Youzhou, Song Dynasty. He became a Jinshi in Tianfu Middle School of the Later Jin Dynasty. After becoming an official in the Zhou Dynasty, he was responsible for Youshiyi, Zhishiguan, and Zhizhigao. At that time, his younger brother Hu Zai became a Hanlin bachelor. His brothers were also in charge of internal and external production, and they were named Er Hu. In the Song Dynasty, he moved from Zhongshushe to become a Hanlin bachelor. In the sixth year of Emperor Qiande's reign, Emperor Taizu regained his knowledge and made imperial edicts, which he compiled for the History Museum. Kai Baozhong and Li Mutong revised "History of the Five Dynasties" and detailed "Ancient and Modern Materia Medica". After Taizong ascended the throne, he paid homage to Zhongshusheren and became a bachelor of the Imperial Academy. Together with Li Fang, he studied "Records of Taizu" and edited "Wenyuan Yinghua". In the third year of Yongxi's reign, he served as minister of the Ministry of Industry. He has a deep nature and doesn't talk about people's right and wrong. Since the death of Zhang Zhao and Dou Yi, the canons and annotations have been published by many Mongolians.
He is the author of "Aoshan Collection" and so on.
Hu Zaixing: General of the Southern Song Dynasty. The courtesy name Shuqi is from Huai. He appointed Zhao Fang as the envoy to the west of Beijing. He has physical strength and is good at changing situations. He takes the lead in every battle and is brave and courageous. In the tenth year of Jiading (1217), the Jin army attacked Xiangyang (now part of Xiangfan, Hubei Province) and Zaoyang (now part of Hubei Province). Together with Meng Zongzheng and Chen Xiang, they set up ambushes in three formations and pretended to retreat to lure the Jin army into an ambush. He killed many people and granted him the command of the powerful army with his merits. In the eleventh year, tens of thousands of Jin troops attacked Zaoyang again. They were ordered to lead troops to help, and they joined forces with Meng Zongzheng to fight against the Jin for three months. Seven or eight. In the twelfth year, Jin commander Wan Yanyan could force tens of thousands of infantry and cavalry to attack the city. He and Meng Zongzheng sent the enemy to cross Hao, and attacked him halfway across the river. Most of the troops fell into the water, abandoned their flags, armor and baggage and fled, taking advantage of their merit to move to the deputy capital of Ezhou. In the fourteenth year, he led his army to attack Tangzhou (now Tanghe, Henan Province), defeated the Jin army, and captured Na Tada, the deputy commander-in-chief of the Jin Dynasty. Soon he died of illness.
4. County Wangtang No.
1. County Wang
Jingzhao County: Jingzhao County was established in the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and administered twelve counties. . During the Three Kingdoms period, Wei established a county and its administrative seat was Chang'an (today's Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province). It is approximately north of the Qinling Mountains in today's Shaanxi Province, east of Xi'an City, and south of the Wei River.
2. Hall number (missing)
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Common couplets for ancestral halls with the surname Hu
〖Four-character universal couplet of the ancestral hall with the surname Hu〗
Looking out at the capital;
The surname is Qi Huguo.
——Universal couplets for ancestral halls with the surname Hu written by an anonymous person
The whole couplet refers to the county and origin of the surname Hu (see the headings "1. Origin of the surname" and "4. County" above). "Wangtanghao" introduction).
The pavilion pushes the calyx;
The power of Zaoyang is strong.
——Anonymous couplet written by Hu for ancestral halls
The first couplet refers to Hu Meng, a native of Anci in the early Northern Song Dynasty, named Riyong, and a Jinshi in the Tianfu period of the later Jin Dynasty. In the later Zhou Dynasty, Guan You collected the manuscripts and incorporated them into the History Museum. At that time, his cousin Hu Zai was a Hanlin scholar. The two brothers were jointly in charge of internal and external edicts, and they were called "Er Hu" at that time. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Hu Meng served as editor and editor of the History Museum. He edited "History of the Five Dynasties" with Li Mu and others, edited "Wenyuan Yinghua" with Li La and others, and wrote "Aoshan Collection". Xia Lian Dian guide Hu Zaixing, a Songhuai native, named Shuqi, was brave and physically strong, and was good at adapting to changes. When fighting, he always wears his hair loose, shirtless, barefoot, brandishing his swords, shouting loudly and charging into the enemy's formation. He once defeated the Jin soldiers in Zaoyang. The official is under the control of Shenjin.
Academic calendar;
The famous Jade Rooster.
——Universal couplets for Hu surnamed ancestral halls written by an anonymous person
The Quanliandian refers to the Hu Meng Shidian at the end of the Five Dynasties (see the introduction in the title "3. Historical Celebrities" above).
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〖Five-character universal couplet of the ancestral hall with the surname Hu〗
Father and son are two famous generals; < /p>
Two talented brothers.
——Anonymous couplet written by Hu Zaixing, a common couplet in ancestral halls with the surname Hu
The first couplet refers to Hu Zaixing, a famous anti-Jin general in the Song Dynasty, who was born in Huai. He is good at changing situations and has courage. He will win every battle and be afraid of the golden soldiers. Hu Shida, the son of Hu Zaixing, rose to the rank of governor of the capital and was also known as the "Famous General of the Northern Song Dynasty". Xialiandian refers to Hu Meng, a Jinshi in the Northern Song Dynasty, who was born in Anci. The word is used in daily life and rarely has a literary name. He served as a Zhou official until he knew how to make imperial edicts. At that time, his younger brother Hu Zai became a Hanlin bachelor. The brothers were also in charge of internal and external production, and they were known as "Er Hu" in the world.
Thousands of auspicious things gather in the house;
Hundreds of flowers bloom in the city.
——A common couplet for the ancestral hall of the surname Hu written by an anonymous person
This couplet is an analytical couplet with the character "戈" of the surname Hu inlaid with a crane top pattern.
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〖Six-character universal couplet of the ancestral hall with the surname Hu〗
General A of the Han Dynasty ;
A family of scholars in the Later Zhou Dynasty.
——Anonymous couplet written by the ancestral hall general Hu
The first couplet refers to Hu Yun, a chariot and cavalry general in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Xia Lian Dian refers to Hu Zai, a scholar of the Later Zhou Dynasty. He was a native of Northern Yan, named Zhongxi.
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〖A general couplet of seven words or more in the ancestral hall with the surname Hu〗
Winning the people for the government , it is suitable for retention;
He entered the battle with his arms and repeatedly achieved great success in battle.
——General couplets for ancestral halls with the surname Hu written by an anonymous person
The first couplet indicates that Hu Siam, the prefect of the dynasty, was informed by the people of Fengxiang Prefecture. Government affairs were lenient and simple. The people of the county will retain the imperial palace, and when the rank is full, they will retain it. Fan died as an official after more than thirty years. 6 Hu Zaixing, a famous general who fought against the Jin Dynasty in the Song Dynasty. Xialiandian refers to Hu Zaixing, a famous general who fought against the Jin Dynasty in the Song Dynasty, and was a Huai people. He is good at changing situations and has courage. He will win every battle and be afraid of the golden soldiers. Hu Shida, the son of Hu Zaixing, rose to the rank of governor of the capital and was also known as the "Famous General of the Northern Song Dynasty".