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The story of ancient calligraphers 1
Stone sells words for wine.
The Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD) lasted for 426 years, which was a crucial period in the history of China's calligraphy development from constant changes to stereotypes. By the end of Han Dynasty, China's calligraphy was basically completed. Lishu is a widely used script in Han Dynasty. Official script in Han Dynasty is also called "Fenshu" or "Bafen". Not only is the brushwork more and more sophisticated, but the style of the script is also diverse. By the Eastern Han Dynasty, Lishu had entered a stage of mature style and various schools, and famous artists came forth in large numbers.
Although the Lingdi of the Eastern Han Dynasty was incompetent, he loved calligraphy. He once recruited people who were good at calligraphy from all over the world to gather in Hongdumen, with about a few hundred people. Emperor Ling of Han carefully looked at everyone's works and found that among them, Nanyang Renshi wrote calligraphy portraits. Peng spread his wings and opened his eyes wide, which is the demeanor of everyone. And his eight-part essay calligraphy is the best. Large, the diameter of a word can be one foot long; Small, you can write 1000 on an inch square bamboo slip. Emperor Han Ling was overjoyed and sent someone to call the stone into the palace.
At this time, Shi was drinking in the hotel empty-handed without knowing it. After drinking enough, the store came to ask for money. Proud of his talent, he took out his pen and waved books on the hotel wall for sale, attracting many people to watch. The condition of stone is simple: if you sell him wine, you sell it to the store; Or shovel the words on the wall. There was enough money for drinks, but when Emperor Han Ling heard about it, he gave up the idea of asking him to be an official.
Shi once wrote an inscription for Yuan Shuli's giant deer Geng Qiubei, which is his only work recorded in a historical book, but the monument has disappeared for a long time.
Stories of Ancient Calligraphers II
Wang Ci's weak crown creates "eight-point book"
Wang Cizhong, a native of Shanggu (now southeast of Huailai County, Hebei Province), was a calligrapher of the Qin Dynasty. As a child, he was smart, ambitious, well-read and good at independent thinking. When he was in his teens, his knowledge had reached a mature stage. At that time, people generally used Qin Zhuan with slender structure and very uniform stroke spacing. This kind of font is very complicated and difficult to write. Needless to say, it is used by the people. Only government officials bemoan the accumulation of official documents and the slow approval. Wang Cizhong, who is nearly in his twilight years, is well aware of the necessity of writing reform, so he extensively collects all kinds of Zhong Ding instruments and imperial regular script, copies them, arranges them together according to the same characters and different shapes, then compares them with each other, thinks repeatedly, spends hundreds of sleepless nights, and finally creates a set of tortuous eight-part script, which is divided into about two parts.
Wang Cizhong typed this sentence on the court. After Qin Shihuang saw it, he felt it was simple and convenient, and he agreed with it very much. He recruited Wang Cizhong to be an official in Xianyang, the capital. Write rules. However, Wang Cizhong's lofty nature and three refusals angered Qin Shihuang. Qin Shihuang thought he didn't respect himself, so he sent people to Beijing by prison car. Wang Cizhong knew that disobeying the imperial edict would be dangerous to his life, so he took the jailer by surprise and threw himself into the river. However, the eight-point book created by Wang Cizhong has become a masterpiece that has spread widely and benefited future generations.
Stories of Ancient Calligraphers 3
Cai Yong accidentally created Bai Fei.
Cai Yong of the Han Dynasty, whose name was Uncle, was a corps commander and was called "Cai Zhonglang". He is not only a writer, but also a famous calligrapher. Flying White Paper is his original work. What is a "flying white paper"? You will know after listening to this story.
Cai Yong is not a person who reads and writes behind closed doors. He travels a lot in order to capture inspiration and rich experience. During Xi Pingnian of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the emperor ordered Cai Yong to write "Holy Emperor". After finishing the manuscript, he sent the written article to Hongdumen of the Royal Library. The people there are very arrogant, so anyone who comes will have to wait outside the door for a while. While Cai Yong was waiting for an interview, several craftsmen were painting the walls with brooms dipped in this lime water. He just stood by and looked at it.
At first, he just wanted to kill time. But looking at it, he can see some "doorways". I saw the craftsman go down with a broom, and a white mark appeared on the wall. Because the broom seedlings are thin, they can't be soaked with too much lime water, and the wall is not very flat, so after a broom goes down, there are still some places on the white road that show the wall. Cai Yong's eyes lit up when he saw it. He thought that before writing with a pen dipped in ink, the strokes were all black. Isn't it more vivid and natural to show some silk or paper with a black pen like a craftsman painting a wall? Thought of here, he suddenly fell into a mood. Hand in your article and run home at once.
Cai Yong returned home, forgot to rest, and prepared his own pen and ink. Thinking of the craftsman painting the wall, he began to write. Who knows it's easier to think of than to do? At first, the paper was not exposed or the exposed part was too hard. Far from being discouraged, he tried again and again. Finally, he mastered proper limit from the aspects of how much ink he dipped in, how much ink he used, and how fast he wrote. He wrote a faint white brush stroke in black, which made the words elegant and flying, and had a unique flavor.
Cai Yong's original style of writing soon spread and became a "flying white book". Until today, it has been used by calligraphers.
Stories of Ancient Calligraphers 4
Zhong You, a movie lover.
Zhong You is the founder of popular regular script. In the calligraphy circle, there is a saying that Wang Xizhi, a "calligrapher", defended himself with calligraphy, while Mrs. Wei studied under Zhong You. In this way, Xi is still a disciple of Zhong You, which shows Zhong You's position in the history of calligraphy.
I saw a casual book called Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which also talked about Zhong You, saying that he was an all-rounder in civil and military affairs. In literature, I am proficient in history, Yi Xue and calligraphy. Martial arts mainly learn the art of war and fencing, and fingers can penetrate the quilt.
I can't help but get a fright. In my impression, when did Zhong You, who has always been a weak scholar, become this kind of Zen? Unless the modern sea lantern master also wants to recognize Zhong You as the granddaddy!
Thinking of the battle between Ma Chao's cousin Ma Dai and Zhong You, it was rated as the most unequal battle in the history of the Three Kingdoms War by later generations: "Dai Li led 15,000 troops from Wuyue. Zhong Youma replied. Dai nodded and got into a fight with Yao. If you don't agree, you will lose. "
Later generations commented: "It is too exaggerated to nod to deal with Zhong You who can only write in black on white paper!"
If Zhong You's fingers can penetrate the quilt, although he can't penetrate Ma Dai's nod, then at least in martial arts, he is not an idle person and won't just play a round with Ma Dai.
In fact, the truth is that it is recorded in history that Zhong You's finger force penetrated the quilt, which is the result of his continuous practice of calligraphy on the quilt every night for more than 30 years.
When Zhong You died, he called his son Zhong Hui to his side, gave him a calligraphy secret book, and told Zhong Hui the story of his efforts. He said that he has practiced calligraphy for more than 30 years in his life, regardless of day and night, regardless of occasions and places, as long as he has time and opportunities. Sitting with people, chatting and squatting on the ground to write. When I sleep at night, I use the quilt as paper. As a result, the quilt was scraped for a long time. When you see natural scenery such as flowers, trees, insects, fish, birds and animals, you will think of brushwork, and sometimes you forget to go to the toilet.
Zhong You is fascinated by calligraphy and is a die-hard calligraphy lover. There is one more thing to prove.
Zhong You in his youth and his later leaders? Cao Cao came together because of the same hobby of calligraphy. At that time, fans such as Han Danchun, Sun, Guan Pipa often attended calligraphy seminars.
One day, Zhong You found a secret of Cai Yong's pen practice in his seat, so he borrowed one from him. Unexpectedly, this gentleman who is good at making ink (the ink made by Shan Wei is called "Shan Wei Ink" and is known as "a hundred years of stone, a little like paint." ), probably because Zhong You borrowed it and didn't return it, or because Zhong You's calligraphy surpassed him. In short, Ren Zhongyou stubbornly refused to borrow it.
Zhong You is very angry. He beat his chest for three days until his chest was black and blue and he vomited a big pool of blood. People who don't know the inside story think that he has practiced great magic and is going to the Jianghu to sell dog skin plasters. This Dan Wei is cruel enough. He is totally unmoved by Zhong You's "risks" and just doesn't show it to him. Zhong You killed himself because he was too involved in the "performance". Fortunately, Cao Cao sent someone to give him a five-spirit medicine (the holy medicine for treating diseases in the Three Kingdoms period), and he came back to life. Zhong You had a heart attack and vowed not to hesitate to rob the tomb after Wei's death, but also to see Cai Yong's secret.
This is almost an advertisement for Dan Wei. Everyone knows that Shan Wei has a secret script for practicing calligraphy, so that Dan Wei's tomb was really stolen later.
But Wei's birthday died twenty years later than Zhong You's, so Zhong You couldn't steal it himself. However, due to his oath, later generations still insist that Zhong You instigated the grave robbery, which really wronged Zhong You.
Stories of Ancient Calligraphers 5
Wang Xizhi's Bamboo Fan
Wang Xizhi was a great calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He was born in the gentry, and with his outstanding talent, all the ministers in the court recommended him to be an official. He is the secretariat and general of the right army (people also call him Wang Youjun).
Wang Xizhi loved writing since he was a child. It is said that when I usually walk, I also practice writing with my fingers at any time. After a long time, even the clothes were cut. After studying hard and practicing hard, Wang Xizhi's calligraphy became more and more famous. People at that time regarded his calligraphy as a treasure.
It is said that once, Wang Xizhi went to a village. An old woman went to a charity sale with a basket of hexagonal bamboo fans. That kind of bamboo fan is very simple, without any decoration, which can't attract the interest of passers-by. It seems that it can't be sold, and the old woman is very anxious.
Seeing this situation, Wang Xizhi felt sorry for the old woman, so he went up to her and said, "You can't sell this bamboo fan because there are no pictures or words on it." How about I write an inscription for you? "
The old woman doesn't know Wang Xizhi. Seeing his enthusiasm, she wrote him a bamboo fan.
Wang Xizhi took a pen, wrote five words on each fan and gave them back to the old woman. The old woman can't read, and she feels that his handwriting is scrawled, so she is very unhappy.
Wang Xizhi comforted her and said, "Don't worry. You told the fan buyer that it was written by Wang Youjun. "
As soon as Wang Xizhi left, the old woman did as he said. Collectors rushed to buy Wang Youjun's calligraphy after seeing it. A basket of bamboo fans soon sold out.
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