Clouds are ashamed of Yunfu, and rivers are deep.
It is difficult to enter morality and wisdom, but it is difficult to return to the field.
Poor sea, lying empty forest.
I was lying on the pillow, ignorant of the season and climate, and I took a temporary peek.
Listen to the waves with your ears open, and look at the place with your eyes open.
At the beginning of the scene, the wind direction changed, and the new sun became old and cloudy.
Spring grass grows in the pond and garden willows become songbirds.
Qiqi hurts the song and feels the sound of Chu.
It is easier to live forever than to live alone.
Holding exercises is not unique to ancient times, and there is no sign of boredom today. Spring, landscape writing, lyric, meaningless translation and annotation translation
Hidden dragon, how leisurely and wonderful its posture is! Flying birds, how loud and far-reaching their voices are! I want to stay in the sky, but I am ashamed of Hong Fei in the sky. I want to live in the valley (retire and dive), but I am ashamed to dive into the abyss. I study morality, but my wisdom is poor; I retired from the farm, but I was incompetent. In pursuit of salary, I came to this remote seaside to be an official, sick in bed, facing the bare Woods. Sleeping with a quilt and a pillow, I don't know the changes of seasons and climate. Open the curtains occasionally and go upstairs for a while. Listen carefully to the sound of running water, lift your eyes and look at the towering mountains. The sunshine in early spring has replaced the residual winter wind, and Xinyang has also replaced the cold last winter. Unconsciously, the pond has been covered with spring grass, and the songbirds on the wicker in the garden have changed their species and voices. It really makes me sad to think of the poem "Out of the Car", and it makes me even more sad to think of the Chu song "Spring grass grows and warblers fly". Alas! Living alone is really easy to make people feel that time is very difficult, especially long, and it is really hard to be separated from the group. Adhere to moral integrity. Where only the ancients could do it? The so-called "boring life" has been verified and practiced in me today.
The appreciation of the whole poem can be divided into three levels. On the first floor, I wrote about his ambivalence as a commander in chief of Yongjia. Unfortunately, he can neither retire safely like Yinqiu nor make achievements like Feihong. On the second floor, it says that he was looking out of the window when he was ill. The third layer writes about his homesickness.
The first eight sentences are the first layer, mainly writing about the dissatisfaction after the frustration of officialdom and the contradictory situation at that time. In Wei, Jin and Southern Dynasties, the power struggle was fierce and the official career was sinister. Therefore, literati have ambition to make progress and live in seclusion, while poets are faced with the dilemma of neither. From the beginning of the poem, I wrote: "Qian Qiu" is a metaphor for the life of seclusion and self-appreciation, and "Hong Fei" is a metaphor for the realm of striving for fame; The following two sentences say that no matter the former or the latter, I am deeply ashamed that I can't do it myself. Among the four sentences, the third sentence follows the second sentence closely, and the fourth sentence is far from the first sentence, which is poetic and coherent. The above four sentences use metaphor to write their own dilemma, but why this happens is not clear, so the last four sentences realize the first four sentences. "Entering Germany" means making progress and doing good for the world, which corresponds to the sentence "Hong Fei". -But despite this ambition, it's not that smart. The actual meaning of this sentence is that honesty and frankness are honest and even framed by others. "Returning from the field" means returning to the countryside to be responsible for its own profits and losses, which corresponds to the sentence "diving". -But this wish is beyond my power. To thank the wealth, of course, there is no problem of "returning farmland to forests". The actual meaning of this sentence is that I have many intentions to retire, but I can't realize it because of the situation. Because at that time, if Xie Lingyun refused to go to his post and publicly expressed his opposition to those in power, it would probably lead to more trouble. Next, I further wrote that I came to this remote corner of the sea in despair. For a long time after winter, I was lying in a hospital bed, facing only bleak and desolate empty Woods. The whole poem goes from virtual to real, from far to near, and the atmosphere gradually drops to the lowest point.
Write down what you saw when you went upstairs in eight sentences from "pillow" below to the second floor. "Sleeping on a pillow, regardless of the season and climate" comes from the previous sentence "Lying in an empty forest". It was written that it was winter and spring when I was sick, which naturally led to "temporary landing" in the later period. "Temporary" means short time, which means being strong when you are sick. "Tilting one's ears" and "lifting one's eyes" describe the poet's extreme love for natural scenery. The knocking sound of the pond water waves makes people realize something when they listen carefully; The remote mountains are rugged, which makes people feel relaxed and happy from a distance. In front of us is a scene: "the first scene" is the sunshine of the New Year, which is getting rid of the "gentle wind" as the residual wind in winter, and the "new yang" as the spring has replaced the "old yin" as the law of winter. "The First Scene" and "Xinyang" write the overall feeling, which is a virtual pen. The following two sentences, "pond" and "garden willow", are detailed descriptions in close-ups. "Spring grass grows in a pond, and willow turns into a songbird" is one of Xie Shi's most famous poems, which attracted many people's appreciation and even led to some mysterious legends. However, it has also been suggested that these two sentences are really common and there is nothing to boast about. How to treat it can be analyzed a little.
It seems that this couplet (especially the previous sentence) is really ordinary, with no tempering power, and the scenery written is nothing special. However, it should be noted that it well shows the characteristics of early spring and the poet's mood at that time. The grass around the pond (especially in the sunny places) recovered early and grew fast because of the moisture of the pool water and the cold wind blocking the hillside, and the green was particularly fresh and tender and thriving. But it is so common that most people don't notice it. At the beginning of Xie Lingyun's long illness, this ordinary scenery suddenly touched him and made him feel the vitality of everything in spring, so naturally he had this fresh sentence. "The willow in the garden has become a songbird", which means that the newly migrated birds are singing on the willow branches, which is also a subtle change. The two poems show the poet's keen feeling and the oscillation of melancholy mood in the rhythm of spring. Moreover, in the early Song Dynasty, represented by Xie Lingyun, there was an atmosphere of pursuing good sentences. Usually, good sentences were obtained by repeated carving and ingenious craftsmanship. In such an atmosphere, this natural, vivid and charming poem is outstanding. In short, judging from the specific literary environment and specific poems, "Spring grass grows in the pond, and the willow blossoms are bright in another village" is indeed a good sentence, and it is meaningless to comment alone. Judging from the whole poem, writing here, my mood gradually turned into a warm tone of joy and joy.
The second layer is the most wonderful part of this poem. The poet spent a winter in his sickbed, and now it is early spring. He sat by the window, listening to the distant waves lapping on the shore; Looking up at the rolling mountains. The scenery seen nearby is: "Spring grass grows in a long pond, and the garden willows become songbirds." The poet chose a small and typical shot from many scenes in which winter went and spring came: unconsciously, spring grass bloomed in the pond outside the building; The birdsong among the weeping willows in the small garden has also changed. It was from the changes in the pond garden that the poet who had been ill for a long time suddenly realized that there was a strong spring outside. The scenery here is colorful, far and near, and full of vitality. The word "pond" has always been praised by poetic theorists. Its beauty lies in its freshness and naturalness.
The last six sentences are the third floor. In the first two sentences, I went upstairs to watch Spring Festival couplets and thought of ancient poems describing spring scenery. I used allusions to express my feelings, and my mood turned into sadness. The "typhoid fever song" in Qi Qi's typhoid fever song refers to the book of songs in July, in which there are some sentences describing spring scenery, such as "picking Qi Qi". According to the traditional explanations such as Preface to Mao Poetry and The Book of Songs, The Song of Febrile Diseases was written by the Duke of Zhou to avoid slanderous remarks when rumors spread everywhere and he went out to live in the East. Xie Lingyun used this metaphorical allusion. The "Chu Yin" in "The Sense of Chu Yin" refers to the chapter "Chu Ci Zhao Hermit", which contains the sentence "Spring grass grows and grows". The so-called "feeling secluded" means feeling the life of a hermit. These two sentences returned to the first floor, but they were not simply repeated, but were intended to get rid of the embarrassing situation and decided to take the road of seclusion. Then, I wrote two sentences about "seclusion" and "seclusion", which means that seclusion makes people feel that the years are long, boring and difficult to feel at ease. Poetically speaking, these two sentences refer to the thoughts of ordinary people, not themselves. But in latent psychology, this rejected idea also vaguely revealed some doubts of his own. Xie Lingyun, who was born in Huaying, is valued by the world and arrogant. It is not easy for him to live in seclusion. But no matter how lucky, he has made up his mind to retire. There are two sentences at the end of the poem: "Is it unique to hold an exercise? Today is not boring at all! " "No annoyance" comes from the Book of Changes, which means that a man of great virtue has no worries about avoiding the world. The meaning of these two sentences is: observing moral integrity is not only possible for the ancients, but also the so-called "isolation" of Zhouyi can be tested for today! In this way, the artistic conception of the poem will be freed from the dilemma, and the whole article will end in a high-pitched tone. About half a year later, Xie Lingyun finally resigned and retired to his ancestral home in sharping.
In this poem, the poet expresses his inner anguish in various ways, or compares happiness, and uses the gains and losses of autumn and flood to illustrate his loss; Or say it, telling the loneliness of a person living in a foreign land; Or write about feelings with scenery, and set off the poet's inner depression with the interesting spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River.
Creation background This poem was written in the early spring of the first year of Jingping, Song Shaodi. Xie Lingyun was expelled from Kyoto in the third year of Longshan, Song Wudi (422), and served as the remote satrap of Yongjia County (now Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province) from July and August this year to July and August the following year (the first year of Jingping). In the first winter after coming to Yongjia, he was ill for a long time and didn't recover until the early spring of the following year. So he went upstairs to see the scenery, lifted things up and wrote the famous article "Going upstairs in the pool". Xie Lingyun (385-433), a native of Taikang, Henan Province, and a native of Shining, Huiji (Shangyu, Zhejiang Province), was originally Chen Jun's Xie family. Posthumous title "Ke", the grandson of Xie Xuan, a famous soldier in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was called "". He also attacked Gong to thank Kang Gong and Xie. A famous landscape poet in Liu and Song Dynasties was the pioneer of the landscape poetry school in the history of China literature. Lingyun, landscape poetry has become a major school in the history of China literature, the most famous of which is "Mountain Residence Fu", which is also the first great traveler in history. Xie Lingyun also studied history, engaged in calligraphy, translated Buddhist scriptures, and wrote the Book of Jin. There are 14 kinds of Xie Lingyun's books in Gyeonggi, Sui Shu and Jin Shu. Xie lingyun
Outside, leisure and enrichment, in the eyes, joy is often scarce. I heard the lonely sound of the horn in the dark, and the guests were worried and homesick. Thinking of returning to the forest for a change of leaves, I am worried about sitting on Watson. In the Ming dynasty, don't think about how to spend tonight. No one can say that the tragedy of the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties lies in the fact that painters did not draw sad paintings in order to cater to those in power. The army listens to the army, and the people listen to the people's fear. A boat goes to Jiangnan, and a lonely cloud goes. I only saw her tears wet her cheeks, and I don't know if she hates herself or herself. When you are worried, you must give up drinking. Before you wake up, your troubles have come back first. I want to insist on nothing, but there are fishermen and woodcutter, so I am very sad to write this. The sun is shining outside the screen window, and dusk is coming; Lock the gorgeous house, no one sees my sad tears. Children feel the same way. The past is hazy. Tears are thick in Hunan, Hubei and bamboo. Xiang Bo is like tears, and Li Chu is fascinated by hatred. Apes crow at the end of the river, and people hurt themselves. Short worry is white, bad face is red with wine.