Three steps to learn watercolor:
The first step in learning watercolor painting:
Preparation of tools:
1, easel: an armchair can be used as easel, which can be reclined or laid flat, so as to control the water content of the picture when painting.
2. Drawing paper: Watercolor painting requires high drawing paper, and it is best to use special watercolor paper. Watercolor paper is divided into coarse grain and fine grain. Coarse-grained paper is more suitable for dry painting and fine-grained paper is more suitable for wet painting.
3. Brush: one large, medium and small shade pen and one watercolor pen are enough. Of course, you can also choose or make your own brushes according to the needs of the picture. Generally, brushes are required to store water and be flexible, and it is better to paint, write, tick and dot.
4. Pigments: Imported pigments have "Windsor" and "Newton" brands, but the price is higher. Domestic "Mary" brand is of good quality and cheap price. Black should be used as little as possible, and it is easy to stain the picture.
5. Toner cartridge: Warm colors and cool colors can be placed separately.
6. Palette knife: used to scrape off bright places or smear special effects when painting.
7. Small bucket: used to hold washing pens, and the water should be kept clear to give full play to the transparent effect of watercolor pigments.
8. Pencil: 1-6B Pencil is acceptable, mainly depending on everyone's painting habits. Beginners can type with hard pencils.
The second step of learning watercolor painting:
Draft outline:
Type lightly on the framed paper with a pencil, and pay attention to the arrangement of composition. For larger pictures and more realistic works, try to be accurate in form when typing. A detailed and accurate outline helps to vividly represent objects when coloring and writing. However, excessive use of rubber should be avoided to prevent paper damage. To do this well, we should pay attention to the training of basic sketch skills at ordinary times.
(B) watercolor painting skills:
Dry pen, wet pen, tick pen, sweep pen, wipe pen, point pen, swing pen, drag pen, pause pen, etc. The use of these brushstrokes has a great relationship with the water content, and the speed, direction and angle of brush strokes will change, so proper use can enrich one's expressive ability.
(3) Water control in watercolor painting:
1, what is the blend of water and color? The blending of water and color requires that water and color be closely combined and complement each other to express the object. You can't unilaterally pursue playing with water and suddenly looking at the modeling of objects.
2. Background treatment of watercolor painting: The background image of watercolor painting can be summarized and concise, and its brushwork should be large and bold, appearing ethereal and elegant. It helps to create a picture atmosphere and set off the prospect.
3. Water rhyme in the picture: Successful watercolor painting requires the picture to be full of water rhyme. Namely: transparent, moist, ethereal, flowing and other fascinating visual effects.
4. Transparency of the picture: Transparency is the biggest language feature of watercolor painting. We should learn to make rational use of the dilution of water to show the transparency of color on the screen.
5. Mastering the time of pen use: When the watercolor painting is not dry in the early stage, the watercolor painting should penetrate, connect and overlap, resulting in certain effects. It is especially important to master the time of using a pen. For example, in-depth description, the second pen can wait until the water on the paper dries. There is more water on paper, so it is faster to use a pen!
6. Influence of season and climate: In spring and rainy days, the air is humid and the water evaporates slowly. In autumn and sunny days, the air is dry and the water evaporates quickly. Outdoor painting is windy and sunny, and water evaporates quickly. Therefore, according to different seasons and climates, do more exercises to control the water screen and master the experience.
7. Poor water control: Too little water will make the picture look dry, dry and stuffy, and lose the characteristics of watercolor. There is too much water, and the color of water flowing everywhere is difficult to control, which is not conducive to shaping the body.
(4) Understand and master some simple color knowledge:
1. Three primary colors plus: red+yellow = orange, yellow+blue = green, red+blue = purple.
Add up these three tones and you can get different shades of gray. Don't use black in the deepest part of the picture, you can use ripe ochre and ultramarine to modulate it.
2. Five groups of similar colors are based on five psychological primary colors: yellow: light yellow, medium yellow, khaki yellow and orange yellow.
Red category: vermilion, scarlet, rose red and earth red. Blue category: lake blue, phthalocyanine blue, ultramarine blue and general blue.
Green category: light green, grass green, emerald green and olive green. Purple: red purple, purple blue, blue purple, rose purple.
3. Rational use of gray: gray can set off high-purity colors well. In the picture, the gray in the distance should be light cold, and the gray in the vicinity should be warm and deep.
4. The main characteristics of watercolor color matching: mainly rely on the dilution of water to achieve the purpose of improving brightness. In order to keep the transparency of colors, use as few colors as possible. Two-color mixing is more transparent than three-color mixing
The third step of learning watercolor painting
(1) Light color painting: Watercolor painting can be introduced from light color painting. The so-called light color painting method is to draw the outline of an object or draw light and shade with a pencil and other tools, and then draw a thin and transparent watercolor. Light color painting is divided into pencil light color, pen light color and charcoal light color.
(B) the basic techniques of watercolor painting:
1, dry coating: dry coating refers to the first pass after the color is dried, followed by the second and third passes. Using dry painting method, due to the overlapping of layers, it will produce rich hierarchical effects, making the performance object clear, true and in-depth. This method is good at expressing light and shadow effects. However, when painting, the pen is still required to be full and moist to prevent the color from being dry and lifeless. Dry painting is generally divided into "dry"
"connection" and "overlapping color method".
2. Wet painting: Wet painting means that the paper is always wet in the process of painting. If some places are dry, you can wet them before brushing them. Wet painting is a basic and important painting method of watercolor painting. The penetration, blooming and dripping of watercolor can make the color get a very natural, soft and moist effect, which fully embodies the characteristics of watercolor painting, such as transparency, fluency and lightness. It is difficult for beginners to master. Its shortcoming is that it is difficult to describe the object in depth at multiple levels. Wet painting can generally be divided into wet paper method, wet joint method, infiltration method and splash ink method.
(3) color sketch essentials:
1, conception.
2. Selection of tool materials.
3. composition.
4. color.
5. Screen adjustment.
(4) Special techniques of watercolor painting: (It can enrich the expressive force of watercolor painting and promote the innovation and development of watercolor painting art ...)
1, salt sprinkling method: when the colored drawing paper is not dry, sprinkle salt. When the salt melts, the color will melt, and after drying, a snowflake-like texture will be produced. The darker the picture, the stronger the effect.
2. Waxing method: lightly apply wax (candle stick, crayon, oil painting stick, rubber water, etc.). ) Where background color and blank space are needed. In this way, the waxing gesture should not be too heavy, and the point, drawing, drawing and wiping should be changed.
3. Precipitation method: Some colors in watercolor painting will precipitate after drying, which requires that there should be enough water when coloring, so that the small particles in the color can flow and precipitate on the paper. This method is light in color and easy to produce results. Such as dark blue, ochre and other colors.
4. Suction washing method: on fine-grained watercolor paper, when the color is not dry, use rice paper, sponge, paper towel, cleaning pen, etc. To absorb color, you can express smoke, clouds, waves and so on.
5, sand skin method: gently polish the dry painting with fine sandpaper, you will get a vivid and natural effect.
6. Scraper method: Before the watercolor color is dry, you can scrape out branches, boat cables and other lines with a palette knife and a knife.
7. Washing method: Washing the color of the picture with a pen will make the color of the picture lighter and thinner.
8. Printing and dyeing method: different fabrics (such as coarse linen and fine linen) and crumpled paper are dipped in white paper or wet color layer, printed, pressed, patted and rubbed to produce special effects.
9. Drip method: When the color layer of the picture is not dry, spray, sprinkle and drip water on it, and the water drops will wash away the color, resulting in mottled effect. This method can be used to show rainy scenes.
Beginners should not blindly pursue the special effects of watercolor painting, but should pay attention to mastering the basic techniques. Only on the basis of mastering the basic technology and skillfully using the above special technologies can we understand its function.
(5) The artistic treatment of watercolor painting:
1, hue and artistic conception.
2. Unique feelings.
3, the echo of color.
4. Change and unification.
5. The beauty of light.
6. Poetry and painting.
7. The rhythm of music.
8. Contrast of color blocks and so on.
(six) to improve their self-cultivation in all aspects:
Pursuit of Kung Fu outside painting: You can learn nutrition from calligraphy, Chinese painting, oil painting, literature, music, drama, movies, etc., and enrich your picture taste. Gouache, as a kind of western painting, was gradually introduced to China with oil painting and watercolor painting at the beginning of last century. It is colored with water as the solvent, much like watercolor painting. Some gouache paintings that use a lot of water and are painted very thin are very similar to watercolor paintings. However, some gouache paintings with thicker paintings and more coverage are very similar to the painting procedures of oil painting. Many decorative paintings, design (including architectural) renderings, posters, advertising paintings and so on are made of gouache. Because gouache is different from watercolor painting and oil painting, it has no specific requirements for paper or cloth, low requirements for paper and simple materials and tools, so it is convenient to carry and flexible to use. Gouache painting can choose a variety of pigments, bright and clear, easy to modify, rich and diverse expression; Can be Bo Tu, can also be thick; Can be realistic, but also painting decoration; It is not only an independent painting, but also has the characteristics of watercolor painting and oil painting.