Huang Wan is young and wise. Grandfather Joan, the satrap for Wei Jun. Solar eclipse in the first month of the first year of Jianhe. The capital didn't see it, but Joan smelled it. The queen mother asked her how much she had eaten. Joan thinks she is right. I don't know what's going on. Seven-year-old Wan said, "Why don't you say that the eclipse is like the beginning of the month?" Joan was frightened, that is to say, she loved it with her words.
Note ①: Year number of Emperor Huan of Han Dynasty. The first year of Jianhe 147. ② Missing the capital: There is no solar eclipse in the capital.
Cultural common sense
Empress Dowager Cixi and so on. Since the Qin Dynasty, the son of heaven has been called "the emperor" and the wife of the emperor has been called "the queen". "Empress Dowager" (or Empress Dowager) refers to the emperor's mother (the mother of Zhou Dynasty governors is also called "Empress Dowager"), and the emperor's father is called "Tai shang huang". The emperor's grandmother is called "Empress Dowager" and the emperor's grandfather is called "Empress Dowager". "Tai" means supreme, so the emperor's doctor is called "Tai Yi", the emperor's teacher is called "Tai Shi" and the emperor's ancestral temple is called "Tai Miao".
Thinking and practice
1, explanation: ① imperial edict ② odd
2. Translation: ① Joan thinks she is right and doesn't know what's going on; That is to say, if you use it, it should be a letter.
3. Choice: "Joan came to smell" has the following understandings, which one is incorrect? (1) Huang Qiong therefore heard about this situation; (2) Huang Qiong reported this situation to the emperor; (3) Huang Qiong let the emperor hear this situation.
4. Understanding: What did Huang Wan say after the eclipse?
2, prodigy Zhuang Yougong
Zhuang Yougong, in the middle of Guangdong, has a reputation as a child prodigy. My home is adjacent to the Guangdong General's Office, and we fly kites for fun. I'll stay in the general's office and ask directly. The soldiers took their extraordinary gods and said, "Where is that boy?" Zhuang is right. The general said, "Have you ever studied? Right? " Zhuang said, "Yes, it's a piece of cake, why not!" The general said, "How many words can you correct?" Zhuang said, "One word can be written, and a hundred words can be written." The general praised his greatness and ordered him to say, "The ancient paintings are the same, the dragons don't sing, the tigers don't scream, the flowers don't smell, and the birds don't sing. This boy is ridiculous." Zhuang said, "Just play a game of chess here." Answer the cloud: "Half a game of chess, no wheels in the car, no saddles in the horse, no fireworks in the cannon, and no food for the pawn. Be alert when shouting. "
Note ① Central Guangdong: Panyu City, Guangdong Province today. ② Zhuang Yougong: a native of the Qing Dynasty, official to the minister of punishments. 3 God: God and temperament. (4) Have you ever been right? Have you ever learned to pair? ⑤ Hall business: refers to the lobby. ⑥ Fireman: a cook in the army.
Cultural common sense
Chess. Go and chess are two major chess activities in China. Most experts believe that there is chess after Go. The word "chess" first appeared in "Chu Ci Evocation". From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the early Tang Dynasty, there were only four arms of chess: general, chariot, horse and pawn. In the Tang Dynasty, "cannon" was added, and in the Northern Song Dynasty, "parallel" and "Zen" were added, which were equivalent to "scholar" and "elephant". It was not until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty that China's chess was really finalized: a set of 32 pieces, divided into generals, soldiers, elephants, soldiers, cars, horses and cannons.
Thinking and practice
1, explanation: ① it's ② appropriate ③ it's ④ exaggerated to ⑤.
2. Translation: ① Service is neglected because of youth; (2) awkward words; 3 Zhuang is right; 4 why is it difficult!
3. Cao Zhihui
Cao zhinian is in his teens. He reads poems, poems and hundreds of thousands of words, and is good at writing. Taizu tasted the article and said, "What about inviting people to do evil?" Plant knelt down and said, "Say what you want, write what you want, and take care of the interview. Why invite people? " When his pen was made, it left a deep impression on people. Hair is quite different.
Note ① Poetics: refer to The Book of Songs and The Analects of Confucius. ② Fu: an ancient style. ③ Taizu: refers to Cao Cao. 4 theory: discussion. ⑤ Ye: Ancient place name, in present-day Henan Province. ⑥ Copper Quetai: A pavilion built by Cao Cao in Yecheng.
Cultural common sense
Writer Cao Zhi. Cao Zhi is the son of Cao Cao. He was enlightened at an early age. As can be seen from the above, when he was a teenager, he had read quite a lot of books and written well. Because of his talent, he was favored by Cao Cao in his early years and once wanted to be a prince, which caused his younger brother Cao Pi's jealousy. After Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, Cao Zhi became more suspicious and died of depression. Most of his poems are five words. Several wounds in the early stage reflected social unrest and his own ambition, while in the later stage he expressed his depressed mood. There is a "Cao Zijian Collection" today.
Thinking and practice
1, explanation: ① Gu ② ③ Ginger.
(4) all (5) auxiliary.
2. Translation: a good article; 2 why do you want to invite people; ③ The hair is very different.
3. Understanding: What does "considerable" mean?
4. Write "Seven-step Poems" from memory.
4. Steamed buns are hard to get.
Sai Dazu is in court, and there are thousands of diners. There are people who offer fish and geese, and Tian regards it, so he says, "Heaven is rich in the people! Cultivate grains and give birth to fish and birds. " All the guests are in harmony. One of Bao's twelve-year-old sons is also sitting there. He said, "Not as good as your words. Everything in the world is born with me, and so is class. There is no nobility, only Xiao Zhi, who eats each other and is not born for each other. People eat what they can eat. Is heaven for life? Moreover, gnats have skins, tigers and wolves eat meat, and it is unnatural for gnats and tigers and wolves to eat meat! "
Note 1 Tian's family: Tian's family in Qi State (noble). 2 Ancestors: The ancients traveled far away to hold banquets to worship the road gods known as "ancestors". 3 complex: Yu. 4 Bai Sheng: Not for each other's survival. (5) gnats: a blood-sucking insect. 6 ho: bite.
Cultural common sense
Diners. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, people who relied on their skills to take refuge in the nobility were called "diners". In order to attract talents and show their strength, powerful families have diners ranging from 3 thousand to hundreds. Some diners are good at making suggestions, some are good at diplomatic rhetoric, and people who are good at stealing chickens and dogs can sometimes become diners. Diners are graded according to their abilities.
Thinking and practice
1, explanation: ① and ② are also ③ combined.
④ class
2, translation: ① The sky is thicker than the people.
(2) Not as good as your words.
(3) Behavior has small intelligence and system.
3. the word "difficult" in the topic "steamed stuffed bun is difficult to be a guest" is interpreted as.
5, Cao Shaokui catch "strange"
There are monks and vacant rooms in Luoyang, singing day and night. Monks feel strange, and fear becomes sick. Ask the warlock to forbid it in every way, and there can be no one. Shao Kui was very kind to the monks. When they came to ask questions, the monks told them, and, um, they rang the fasting bell. When it was over, they were silent. Shao Kui said with a smile, "We can have a banquet tomorrow, so we should get rid of it." The monk didn't believe Shao Kui's words, but expected to have an effect, so he waited. After eating, I filed it out of my arms, filed it in several places, and it rang. When the monk asked him why, Shao Kuiyun said, "This harmony and the clock beat and hit each other." The monk was very happy. He recovered from his illness.
Note ① Qing: a percussion instrument. Monks use it for Buddhism. Warlock: A person who possesses magic. (3) Zhai Zhong: the bell for eating in the temple. 4 rhythm: refers to the same frequency.
Classical Chinese knowledge
Say "there". "There" has two meanings: one means "that" and "that", and the above "hitting each other" means hitting that, which echoes. The idiom "one by one" means going up here and down there. Second, it refers to "him" and "them". The idiom "know yourself and know yourself" means to know yourself and know yourself, and you will be invincible. Also, "it doesn't matter if I say nothing" means that even if he (they) don't criticize, can I not feel ashamed in my heart?
Thinking and practice
1, explanation: ① done ② good ③ Russia ④.
⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤
2. Translation: ① The monk told you.
(2) Other times.
(3) The monk asked why.
6. Yang is right
Colgan is in the middle book. Get along with colleagues: "The days under water are the days in the sky", but without the right, Yang Danian gets something for nothing. Because I asked him if he was right, Danian replied: "The person in the eyes is the person in front of me." Cheer up as soon as you sit down.
Note ① Gong Lai: Kou Zhun, a famous politician in the Northern Song Dynasty, was named Lai Gong. ② Zhongshu: that is, Zhongshu Province. Kou Zhun was then prime minister. ③ Yang Danian: Yang Yi, a writer at that time.
Cultural common sense
Right "right" Pairing is an important content of ancient enlightenment education. For example, "black" versus "white", "heaven" and "earth". "White radish" and "purple grape", in which "white" and "purple" are adjectives indicating color, and "radish" and "grape" are conjunctions, so this pair is qualified. If "teapot" is used against "white radish", it will not work, because "teapot" is not a conjunction, and "teapot" cannot be eaten. A good understanding of "antithesis" is conducive to the use of antithesis in poetry and songs in the future. For example, Wen Tianxiang said in the poem "Crossing the Zero Ding Yang": "On the beach, fear is said, and it is strange to cross the zero Ding Yang." This opposite sentence is well written. It is still useful for "couplets", such as writing Spring Festival couplets and appreciating them.
Thinking and practice
1, explanation: ① means ② answer.
2, translation: Huiyang New Year to white things.
3. Understanding: What is good about Yang Danian's right pair?
7. Jie Jin Min is right.
Jie Jin tried to swim in the inner garden. Climbing up the bridge, he asked, "What language should I use?" Right: "This means that the back is as high as the front." Talk big. One day, the monk said, "Do you know that you are happy in the palace at night? It can be a poem. " Jin Fang said, "The king dropped the golden dragon last night." He said, "It's a daughter." In other words, it should be said that "I became the ninth heavy of Chang 'e", and he said "I am dead." He added, "Matter cannot be preserved in the world." He said, "The water has been thrown away." He said, "Turn over and jump into the Crystal Palace. "I want to be trapped by sophistry. I was impressed by the sensitivity of my poems.
Note ① Jie Jin: Ming Dynasty. ② Inner Garden: Imperial Garden. ③ Top: refers to Judy, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty.
Classical Chinese knowledge
Saying "Qing" and "Qing" was originally the title and title of ancient senior officials. During the Spring and Autumn Period of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the emperor and his senior officials were all called "Qing", such as "Qing Dafu" ("Qing" and "Doctor"). During the Warring States period, as titles, there were Shangqing and Yaqing. In addition, it is also the title of monarch to minister and elder to junior. The "Qing" in the above Qing Zhi Gong Ye Le is the title given to Jie Jin by Ming Chengzu, which is equivalent to "You". "Qingqing" is a nickname between husband and wife, and is sometimes used among friends. The fifth time in A Dream of Red Mansions: "The government is too clever, but it calculated your life!" Among them, "Qingqing" (that is, "you") refers to Wang Xifeng, full of ridicule.
Thinking and practice
1, explanation: ① to ②.
③ The parties concerned shall
⑥ ⑥ sensitive.
2. Translation: I wanted to be trapped by sophistry.
3. Understanding: "Golden Dragon" means
8, tribute pay hard.
Tribute, evil aunt curtain man. Eight-year-old Shao Gu is a pig farmer. Villager Xu Zisheng studied Spring and Autumn Annals and taught hundreds of students. When the palace is under its roof, you can see the students talking and reciting. Fortunately, you can listen to the scriptures, because you forgot their pigs. The pig owner blamed him for not returning it and asked for it. I want to smash it when I see it. It is forbidden to have * * * under the door. Because staying under the palace gate. The firewood is bitter, and decades are like one day.
Note 1 Success: people from the Eastern Han Dynasty. 2 evil spirits: the name of the ancient county, in today's Shandong Province. 3 students: refers to the students in the school. 4 firewood: chopping wood. 5 suffering: doing coolies.
Classical Chinese knowledge
Saying "Jing" and "Jing" often refers to Confucian classics in ancient Chinese. The classic in Xiangzi Xu Chunqiu also refers to Chunqiu. Chunqiu is a chronicle of Lu compiled by Confucius. Confucius educates students with poetry, calligraphy, etiquette, the Book of Changes and the Spring and Autumn Period, which is known as the Five Classics of the World. Later, Confucian scholars regarded The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, Daxue and The Doctrine of the Mean (commonly known as the Four Books) as classics. Therefore, there are "four books" and "five classics" in later generations.
Thinking and practice
1, explanation: ① solitary ② bright ③ quiet ④ awkward.
2, translation: ① The pig owner blames him for not paying back and begging.
9. Huan Rong is diligent and tireless.
Huan Rong was very anxious at first, and went hungry with his clansman Huan, but Rong talked endlessly. Yuan Qing laughed at Rong and said, "But when will you use it again?" Laugh without answering. Yuan Qing said, "I am a farmer. Didn't you learn it for the benefit?"
Note 1 Huan Rong: People from the Eastern Han Dynasty. (2) Haste: Haste refers to social unrest. ③ Taichang: official name, responsible for offering sacrifices and selecting talents.
Classical Chinese knowledge
Say "no" "Qi" has two common meanings: first, it means "where is it", indicating doubt. The above "Do you mean that learning is beneficial if you are alive?" That is to say, where do you know that the benefits of learning can be like this! "How dare" means how dare. Second, it means "don't", which is a rhetorical question. Such as "I'm not human", that is to say, I'm not as good as others?
Thinking and practice
1, explanation: ① at the beginning, ② er, ③ scoff, ④ should be ⑤ and.
2. translation: ① capacity is endless.
(2) However, since the pain is sweet, when will it be given again?
10, Song Taizong learning books
Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty wrote a book jointly written by Wang and the right army, which won the law and served the Hanlin. The emperor listened to politics and attached importance to calligraphy, and sent several attendants to show them books. Every time he thought that he was not good, Emperor Taizong deliberately went to school. Ask again, as before. Or ask what it means and write: "The book is solid. If it is called goodness, I am afraid that the emperor no longer has this intention. " Later, the emperor's brushwork was excellent, surpassing ancient times, and the world thought it was conducive to rules.
Note (1) Tang Taizong Dynasty: refers to the reign of Song Taizong and Zhao Guangyi. 2 Listening to politics: dealing with government affairs. 3 chamberlain: This refers to the eunuch. Rule 4: Encourage. 5 benefits: benefits.
Cultural common sense
Hanlin and Hanlin Academy. "Han" originally refers to writing brush, which is extended to poetry. Literally, "Hanlin" is a place where poetry and prose are concentrated, and later became a proper noun. In ancient times, in the imperial examinations, the emperor directly appointed some Jinshi to hold some official positions and put everyone in imperial academy. "Hanlin Academy" is actually a talent pool. As mentioned above, Wang Zhu used to be a "Nunnery", which means that he served as a "Nunnery" in imperial academy-that is, he drafted various documents for the emperor. Hanlin can be appointed by the emperor to serve in other places, and some of them have been in the Hanlin Academy for a long time. Their work is to draft imperial edicts, compile historical books, proofread literature and history, talk about literary theory for the emperor, and so on.
Thinking and practice
1, explanation: ① Good ② Cautious ③ Clinical.
(4) or (5) abrupt (6) absolute.
Several waiters were sent to show the book.
(2) ask again
(3) The book is solid and good.
3. The "right army" in the above "Learning the Right Army Book" refers to
Reference answer
1, Huang Wan is right.
1.(1) the emperor ordered; I feel different. 2 1 Huang Qiong wants to answer the Queen Mother's inquiry, but he doesn't know how to express it clearly. (2) according to Huang Wan said the answer. 3.①4. Like a rising meniscus.
2. prodigy Zhuang has made meritorious deeds
1.① Official ② Happened to play chess ④ Exaggerated and boasted "right" ⑤. The officers ignored him because he was young; (2) ask him immediately; (3) Zhuang Yougong answered with facts; (4) What's so difficult!
3. Cao Zhihui
1.① Only ② all ③ cited ④ all ⑤ lifted; 2.① Good at writing articles; (2) Why hire people? Cao Cao thinks he is very different. 3. It's worth seeing, which shows that Cao Zhi's ci and fu are quite level.
4. Steamed buns are hard to get.
1.① Echo ② Also ③ Together ④ Similar ②. God is kind to people; Not like what you said; (3) Only because of different strengths and different wisdom, they restrict each other. 3. Blame and refute.
5. Cao Shaokui catches "strange"
1.① Stop, ② show friendliness, ③ bring out rich dishes later, ⑤ hope, prepare, and finish 2. The monk told him everything one by one; (2) I can get rid of this strange sound for you two; The monk asked him again and again why.
6. Yang is right
1.(1) that is, the voice immediately stopped (the other party). 2. It coincides with Yang Danian's report. 3.① Very neat; ② Public image.
7. Jie Jin Min is right.
1.① Answer ② is the same as "Yue" ③ It's only ④ Immediately answer ⑤ It's already ⑤ Quick thinking. 2. The emperor wanted to make things difficult for Jie Jin with lies. 3. Have a son.
8. Chenggong Chai worked hard.
1.① Losing his father when he was young ② Being in charge ③, which means that the bookstore ④ was beaten with a bamboo pole. 2. The owner of the pig was surprised that he didn't go home successfully and searched all the way.
9. Huan Rong is diligent and tireless.
1.① Early years ② Poverty ③ Laughter ④ Answer ⑤ Wait until 2. However, Huan Rong has been studying; It's just a waste of effort. When will it be used again?
10. Song Taizong research books
1.① Good, ② Concentrate, ③ Copy, ④ Someone will be there immediately, ⑤, ⑤ extremely 2. (1) I sent eunuchs to Wang Zhu many times to see what I wrote, (2) I asked Wang Zhu what I wrote (good), and (3) calligraphy was already very good. 3. Wang Xizhi.