About Su Shi
Su Shi was a Chinese writer, calligrapher and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. His courtesy name is Zizhan and his nickname is Dongpo Jushi. A native of Meizhou (now Meishan City, Sichuan Province) in the Song Dynasty. His father Su Xun and his younger brother Su Che are both famous ancient writers, known as the "Three Sus" in the world. Jiayou became a Jinshi and served as a judge in Fengxiang Mansion, advocating the reform of bad government. Shenzong opposed the reform at the time, but during his tenure in Mizhou and Xuzhou, he fought floods and exterminated locusts, helped the poor and rescued orphans, and made many political achievements. Later, he was demoted to Huangzhou for "slandering the imperial court". Zhezong was a bachelor of Hanlin Academy at that time, and went out to know the four states of Hangzhou, Ying, Yang and Ding. Huizong was pardoned and summoned back for the first time. Poems, lyrics and prose all represent the highest achievements of Northern Song literature.
Most of Su Shi's poems express his emotions about the ups and downs of his official career. There are also works that reflect the suffering of people's livelihood and reveal the darkness of reality. The poetic style is bold and fresh, especially good at metaphor. Together with Huang Tingjian, he is also known as "Su Huang".
Su Shi's poems have a wide range of themes, including travel notes, nostalgia, gifts, farewells, and reasoning. He also broke through the strict constraints of music and promoted the development of poems. Famous works include "Nian Nujiao", "Shui Diao Ge Tou", etc., which pioneered the bold style of poetry, and was called "Su Xin" together with Xin Qiji.
Su Shi's prose is full of unbridled arguments, and his narrative structure is rigorous and clear. For example, "The Story of Shizhong Mountain" and "The Story of Fanghe Pavilion" are both recited together with "Chibi Ode" and "Hou Chibi Ode". Famous articles. Together with Ouyang Xiu, he is also known as "Ou Su" and is one of the "Eight Masters of Ancient Prose in the Tang and Song Dynasties". Literary thought emphasizes "doing something for something", advocating nature, getting rid of constraints, "creating new ideas in laws and regulations, and sending wonderful principles out of boldness". Committed to promoting underachievers, Huang Tingjian, Qin Guan, etc. all came from his disciples.
Su Shi was also good at running and regular script, and together with Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu and Cai Xiang, he was known as the "Four Masters of Song Dynasty". He studied famous masters of Jin, Tang and Five Dynasties, and gained influence from Wang Sengqian, Li Yong, Xu Hao, Yan Zhenqing and Yang Ningshi, and became his own family. Zi said: "I can't create my own calligraphy"; another said: "I come up with new ideas and don't follow the ancients." Huang Tingjian said: "In his early years, he was very good at using pen, but he was not as good as the boss who gradually approached nature"; another said: "When he arrived in Huangzhou Later, his strokes were extremely powerful. "In his later years, he had the momentum of overseas turmoil, and his knowledge, broadmindedness, and knowledge were outstanding, and he experienced many ups and downs in his life. His calligraphy style is full of ups and downs, innocent and vast. You can imagine his calligraphy by looking at it. As a person. At that time, his brothers and nephews You, Mai, and Guo, and his friends Wang Dingguo and Zhao Lingju all learned from him; later historical celebrities such as Li Gang, Han Shizhong, Lu You, Wu Kuan in the Ming Dynasty, and Zhang Zhi in the Qing Dynasty Dong, also learned from him, which shows the great influence.
Su Shi painted ink bamboo under the guidance of Wen, which was simpler and more vigorous than Wen, and had the potential to dance. Mi Fu said that he "made black bamboo from the ground to the top." I asked: Why not divide it section by section? He said: When the bamboo is growing, how can it grow section by section? , The curves are unprovoked; the stones are hard and cracked, and they are also strange and unprovoked, just like the depression in the chest. "It can be seen that his paintings are very imaginative and far-reaching. He has outstanding opinions on calligraphy and painting, and his influence on painting is even more far-reaching. For example, he attaches great importance to spiritual resemblance, advocates that there is emotion outside the painting, and the painting must have sustenance, opposes similarity in form, opposes the constraints of routine, and advocates "poetry and painting". "Original uniformity, natural craftsmanship and freshness", and clearly proposed the concept of "literati painting", etc., which laid the theoretical foundation for the subsequent development of "literati painting". Existing writings include "Huangzhou Cold Food Poems" and "Chibi Fu" ", "An Essay on Appreciation to Civil Teachers" and "Ji Dao Wen on Honoring Huang", etc. The surviving paintings include the "Scroll of Ancient Trees and Strange Rocks"; and the "Scroll of Bamboo and Stone in Xiaoxiang" discovered in recent years is also his work. "Dongpo Seven Collections", the lyrics include "Dongpo Yuefu" and so on. Wang Wenhao of the Qing Dynasty published "Su Wenzhonggong's Poems Compilation and Annotation"