The pavilion leans against the autumn and descends on the Pearl River.
Lonely clouds in the desert don't rain.
Count the new geese and look back at Ling Du.
Wan Li, who can promise!
Huang Ge purple pivot, build an altar to open the house.
Don't be afraid that fame is owed by others.
Now, only my hometown can go back to my hometown.
At the foot of Fan Shi Mountain, there are three acres of land.
Appreciation of Lu You's Ci
This word was written by the author before he returned from eastern Sichuan, lamenting his unfulfilled ambition and missing his hometown. The last movie begins with a scene and ends with a lyric; The next movie begins with lyricism and ends with a combination of scenes.
On a cloudy day in early autumn, the author boarded a small pavilion by the river. Looking up at the sky in early autumn, he saw that the foggy clouds were not thick enough to turn into raindrops. Looking down, you can see rivers and sand dunes, which are open, quiet and desolate. The author only euphemistically described it as "the pavilion leans against the autumn, the bamboo trees descend on the river, and the lonely cloud in the desert has not yet become rain", summarized the climbing and surrounding environment, and visually described the scenery, conveying the words "the pavilion leans against the clear sky" in Zhou Bangyan's "Gratitude Emperor" and the poem "Wang Teng Gog sings the bamboo trees on the river" in Wang Bo's "Wang Tengge". "Count the new geese and look back at Ling Du." Then write the listening comprehension, which leads to the author's association. Yan Guo is a "new wild goose" and Qiu Zhi is a "new autumn"; The cloud is a lonely cloud, and the goose only sounds "number". The word "number" also reflects the combination of subjective and objective lonely images. Ling Du is located in the southeast of Chang 'an, which belongs to the capital county in Qin Dynasty and the Xuandi Mausoleum in Han Dynasty, hence the name. Here Ling Du is used to refer to Chang 'an.
Chang 'an, the ancient capital of Han and Tang Dynasties, is the symbol of China's prosperity and the political and military center of northwest China. Lu You earnestly hoped that the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty could recover Chang 'an from the Jin people. He joined the army in Nanzheng and looked at Chang 'an from time to time, pinning his thoughts and feelings on recovering the mountains and rivers of his old country. He suggested to his envoy Wang Yan, "We must start from Chang 'an and make a short trip in China. There are also many poems that miss Chang 'an, such as "Sometimes I climb to the top and cry like rain" in Preface to the East Building, "I traveled to the south of Shannan for thousands of years, thinking about Qujiang and Beipi, drunk, unreasonable and often crying sadly" In addition to Lu's poems, the ancients wrote that Yan Wen was associated with Chang 'an, and there are many other poems, such as "Ask the new geese in Hansha, when they come" written by Tu Mu's Qiu Pu Daozhong. The words written by the author, such as "Go to the North Gate in Autumn Night" and "A little wind scatters letters, and two lines of geese take Du Lingqiu", are all related to the information about the recovery of Chang 'an. It is also a sigh that the good news of recovering Chang' an cannot come. " The heart is empty, Wan Li, who allows it! "Wan Li's strong feelings of joining the army are empty, but no one agrees with him (that is, no one appreciates him and doesn't trust him). Affirmed the meaning of the sentence "looking back". The description here is from implicit expression to passionate lyricism, which embodies the characteristics of the author's writing. Judging from the author's poetic style, he is more accustomed to the latter writing; In this word, he tried his best to control his passion, but he used the former more.
I used it when I passed the film. "Huang Gezi wrote a book, built an altar to open a government, and don't be afraid to owe fame and fortune to others." Huang Ge and Zi Shu, referring to prime ministers and Tang envoys, were the highest civil and military officials in the Song Dynasty. Huang Ge, the Prime Minister's official office, Wei Hong's "Old Instruments of Han Officials": "The Prime Minister listens to things and speaks Huang Ge"; The military uniforms in Song Dynasty were mostly purple, so the purple pivot refers to the Privy Council. The story of Emperor Gaozu erecting an altar and worshiping Han Xin as a general was used to build the altar. Kaifu is Kaifu, subordinate to the family. In the Song Dynasty, the military and political officers of the high administrative region had this power. The first and second sentences refer to generals, and the third sentence says that no one is afraid of this position, which means that you don't need to be ambitious and ready to take on big responsibilities. Lu You is not keen on being an official, but he always holds the ambition of building fame for his country's loyalty. He once yearned for this kind of fame. In his poem A Passage to Jin Cuodao, he said: "Shi Ce has been humiliated for thousands of years and has been grateful to the son of heaven." The poem "Shu Huai" says: "I am old, and I am hesitant about fame. Tao Qing Taihang Road, when will Julian Waghann rise? " His three words are plain and calm, so he will really give up his ambition so easily. Does he really believe that ordinary generals can shoulder the heavy responsibility of restoring the great cause of national reunification? Don't! His warm personality and the cold reality at that time prevented him from doing this. His words of masturbation are just angry irony, but they are actually more tortuous and profound feelings. It is the feeling in the process of despair, from the optimism of "sealing Hou to the throne, and his fame will not bear the sky" (Han Gongchun) to the despair of "knowing that nature is different, so an old friend is like a hero" (partridge sky).
"Now, only go home to return home. At the foot of Fan Shi Mountain, there are three acres of mountains. " What I'm saying here is that on second thought, I have to quit my job and go back to my hometown of Fan Shi to plant three acres of Ling for a living. This is a positive ideal that can't find a way out and is forced to make a negative plan of seclusion. After some thinking, even the life after seclusion has a concrete idea, so a picture of a water town in the south of the Yangtze River finally appeared. The painful mood melts in the beautiful natural scenery. On the surface, it is beautiful and indifferent, but in fact it suppresses the inner anger and hides the inner pain. This is a word written by Lu You, which mainly uses seclusion to solve the contradiction between ideal and reality. The combination of scenes seems to be contradictory, but it is solved satisfactorily, and the author's mood is also relatively idle in this poem. In-depth understanding still reveals the sharp conflict and strong protest between ideal and reality, so the artistic conception is tortuous and the emotion is deep.
Low partridge day
I live in a smoky room, and the dust doesn't matter.
Pour the residual jade through the bamboo, and roll the yellow court to see the mountain.
If you are greedy and arrogant, you might as well make jokes everywhere.
Ignorance makes infidelity, but the old man is like a hero!
Appreciation of Lu You's Ci
Liu Kezhuang's "Continued Poems in Houcun" divides Lu You's ci into three categories: "Jia Xuan can't understand his impassioned words; Elegant and exquisite, including Chen Jianzhai and Zhu Xizhen; Those who are beautiful and secret want to be Yan Shuyuan and He Fanghui. " This poem "Partridge Sky" can be regarded as one of Lu You's representative works.
Two sentences before going to the city: "I live in a dark room, and the dust has nothing to do." Write your living environment so beautifully and purely. The word "misty sky" can't help but remind people of one of the artistic concepts in Tao Yuanming's "Returning to the Garden", which is "a distant village with smoke in the city of Yiyi". Once satirized, it will be unforgettable. Light Smoke is more like smoke, which literally contains the author's emotional color. Although there is no color in the word "falling flower photo", there are also colors implied in it, which arouse readers' various associations. Poets use the word "light smoke and sunset" to decorate their living environment, which is intended to form a sharp contrast with the dirty official career. Therefore, the second sentence directly points out that living here has nothing to do with dust, and you can live a spotless and comfortable seclusion. This is also the embodiment of Tao Yuanming's "returning to the garden" that "there is dust at home, and there is room for leisure".
Three or four sentences are steady: "Dump the residual jade through the bamboo, and roll it up to see the mountains in the Huangting." "Yujing" is the name of a good wine. Feng Shihua of Amin Dynasty wrote in "History of Wine": "Emperor Yang Di brewed royal wine and was unbeaten for ten years." Lu You wrote about this wine more than once in his poems. "Huang Ting" is the name of Taoist scriptures, and Yunqiqian, Interior of Huang Ting, Exterior of Huang Ting and Huangting Tijing are all Taoist scriptures about the way of keeping in good health. After seeing Huang Ting, I lay down and enjoyed the beautiful scenery in the mountains. One or two sentences about the beautiful living environment and three or four sentences about the leisure of one's own life reflect the author's comfortable life. The Huang Ting Jing read by Lu You is a scroll, so when you read it, you roll it. "Rolling Huang Ting" means reading a scroll.
At the beginning of the next chapter, I said, "It is better to be greedy and arrogant than to blossom everywhere." "Laughing proudly" refers to the author's self-satisfaction, describing his uninhibited appearance. Not only Lu Shi used the word "carefree travel", but also other poets often used it. For example, Guo Pu's Poem of Wandering Immortals: "Wandering around the world is a legacy, and you are addicted to being alone." Tao Yuanming's Drinking Seventh: "I am proud of Dongting and talk about this life." The poet said that he was greedy for this broad-minded life interest and left him in the country forever; You can see things that make you happy everywhere, so why not let go? These sentences can be said to be extreme and depressing, but the last two sentences suddenly turn: "Yuan knows that creation has a different heart, but the old man is like a hero." These two sentences can be said to explain my own situation written above. The poet said that he knew that the creator was heartless (his heart was different from ordinary people), and he let the hero get old and die in vain, but it was natural. Isn't this a complaint? But at the same time, they are complaining that the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty have no intention of restoring the Central Plains, leaving their heroes useless.
According to Xia and Wu's comments on "Chronology of Poems of Releasing Weng", Lu You was forty-two years old in the second year of Avenue (1 166), and was impeached by an official, saying that he "made a confession, stirred up trouble, and advised Zhang Jun to go to war", and he began to live in the three mountains of Jinghu. This word was written at this time, together with the other two poems "Partridge Sky" (the first two sentences are: the world of mortals is around, lazy to learn from the green gate to grow melons). Although the writing is extremely secluded and leisurely, the feeling of depression is unbearable and finally comes out at the end of the article. It is precisely because of the poet's transcendental confession that the two sentences at the end of the article are particularly cold.