Outside the high wall in the west corner, Qiu Chan screamed one after another on the gaunt old locust tree. I was imprisoned in prison, and my homesickness became deeper and deeper. I can't take it anymore. This Qiu Chan flapped his black wings, his white hair was covered with spots, and he kept singing. Cicada, the dew in the morning is too heavy. Although your wings are light, it is difficult for you to fly high. At dusk, the cold wind is cruel, and your high-pitched voice is easily covered by the wind. You, the waste tall tree, sip the dew, but the world is confused. No one believes in the noble and clear ice. Alas, who else can express a bright and clean heart for me? [
This poem was written in 678 AD (and in the third year of Feng Gao). At that time, King Robin was appointed as an assistant inspector. He was falsely accused of taking bribes because he touched the marquis of Wu in this matter. Syntactically, the first two sentences are antithetical sentences, but in practice, cicadas are used to arouse the guests' thoughts. At the beginning of this poem, Qiu Chan sings loudly, which makes him deaf. Next, it points out that the poet deeply misses his home in prison. Three or four sentences, one about cicada and one about myself, form a flowing pair with "I can't help it" and "I'm right" to connect things with me. The poet satirized Wu Zetian several times and even went to jail. Great young people, after all kinds of political torture, have disappeared, with stars and white hair on their heads. Seeing this singing Qiu Chan in prison, he was still in the dark, and he couldn't help hurting himself. At the same time, he recalled his childhood, which was not as good as Qiu Chan's singing. Now he has accomplished nothing, even went to prison. In these ten words, the poet's method of action is more than ridicule, which euphemistically and tortuous expresses this sad feeling. At the same time, Whitehead is the name of Yuefu music. According to legend, after Sima Xiangru's love for Zhuo Wenjun in the Western Han Dynasty was not special, Zhuo Wenjun wrote a "Whitehead Song" to self-harm. His poem says: "Sorrow is heavy and sad. You don't need to cry when you get married. You must unite and never give up. " (See Miscellanies of Xijing) Here, the poet skillfully interpreted this allusion, further implying that the ruler failed the poet's loyalty to the country. The word "Bai tou yin" plays a pun role here, which is deeper than willingness. On the cross, it says, "What's so sad? What's so sad about it? What's so sad? " None of them are used, but they are deliberately hidden, which fully shows the implicit beauty of poetry. The last five or six sentences are purely "bi". There is not a word in the two sentences that is not about cicadas, and there is not a word that is not about yourself. "Exposing the weight" and "windy" are metaphors of environmental pressure, "flying hard" is a metaphor of political dissatisfaction, and "speaking loudly is easy to sink" is a metaphor of suppressed speech. Cicadas are like this, and so are poets. Things here are mixed and inseparable. Only when the poems about objects are written in such a state can they be regarded as "reposing in the distance". When the poet wrote this poem, he was full of emotion and skillful, so he was strong in the end. The seventh sentence, make persistent efforts, still use the comparative level. Qiu Chan is so high up that no one believes that it is divorced from reality. The poet Yu's character was not known at that time. Instead, he was framed and imprisoned. "Who knows if he is still singing?" It is also an excuse for accepting bribes. However, as Chu Gan Yuan said in Li Sao during the Warring States Period: "The world is turbid and has no points, so it is beautiful and jealous." In this case, no one came to avenge the poet. "You must pity me, I pity you", which means that only cicadas can sing for me, and only I can sing for cicadas. The last sentence is in the form of a question. Cicada and the poet are integrated. This poem, written in adversity, is full of emotion, clear metaphor, natural allusions and witty remarks. It expresses feelings and interests in chanting things, from things to people, from people to things, and achieves the realm of unity of things and me. It is a masterpiece in chanting poems. A good poem should not only have a poetic eye to shine, but also have a "dragon rhyme" to shine. Try Yang Jiong's Join the Army and Du Fu's Book of Letters. Without "a centurion is better than a scholar" and "but before he conquered, he was already dead". The sentence pattern of "Long Yin" like "From now on, the hero shed tears on his skirt" is right behind the house, expressing his heart and offering a "poetic heart". Then the whole article will be boring. The same is true of this poem. At the end of the poem, the poet was full of anger and told his long-standing true feelings: "Who knows if he is still singing?" Who will listen to me again? " And then take off the "cicada body" wrapped in the first three sections, so that people can see the author's pure sincerity in serving the country. This kind of sincerity, as the preface says, "is open-minded, not confused by the Tao, not confused by the wings." Sing the breeze of the tree, rhyme longitudinal; Drinking the dew of high autumn is clear and awesome. "It's not easy to be secular. It's better to drink dew than to maintain' charm'. It is this problem that makes "Political Prisoner Listening to Cicada" a masterpiece of Tang poetry, which is superior to the palace poems in the early Tang Dynasty. [