Ancient poetry is a general term for ancient Chinese poetry, referring to poetic works created by ancient Chinese people. The following is the ancient poem "Evening View of the Spring River in Huichong" that I collected and compiled. Welcome to read and collect it.
"Evening View of the Spring River in Huichong"
Su Shi of the Song Dynasty
A few peach blossoms outside the bamboo are a prophet of the warmth of the spring river.
The ground is covered with wormwood and reed buds, which is when the puffer fish is about to come.
Translation
Two or three peach blossoms are blooming outside the bamboo forest. Ducks are playing in the water. They are the first to notice the warming of the river in early spring.
The river beach is already full of mugwort, asparagus has begun to sprout, and the puffer fish are about to swim upstream from the sea to the river.
The wild geese flew north, just like people who want to return to their hometown in the north, but because of attachment, they almost fell behind.
Before I even flew to the north, I already knew that the desert in the north was very windy and snowy, so it was better to spend half a month of spring in the south of the Yangtze River.
Notes
(1) Hui Chong (also known as Huichong): a monk from Jianyang, Fujian, one of the nine monks in the early Song Dynasty, who was able to write poetry and paint. "Spring River Evening Scene" is the title of Hui Chong's painting. There are two paintings, one is a picture of ducks playing and the other is a picture of flying geese. Qian Zhongshu's "Selected Notes on Song Poems" is "Xiaojing". Many annotated editions use "Xiao Jing" and "Wan Jing". From the "Complete Works of Dongpo" and the annotated editions before the Qing Dynasty, "Wan Jing" is used. These two poems are a portrayal of the scene by the river when the author was returning south to Jingjiang in the spring of the eighth year of Yuanfeng's reign.
(2) Artemisia annua: the name of grass, including Artemisia annua, Artemisia annua and other species. "The Book of Songs" "Yo yo deer calls, eating wild wormwood." Reed buds: young buds of reeds, edible.
(3) Puffer fish: a type of fish, scientific name is "Fugu", the meat is delicious, but the ovaries and liver are highly toxic. Produced in my country's coastal areas and some inland rivers. Every spring they swim up the river to lay eggs in fresh water. Up: refers to going up the river.
(4) Guihong: Guiyan. Breaking the group: leaving the flying group.
(5) Yiyi: The appearance of reluctance. "Chu Ci" "Lian Lian Xi Yiyi." Guiren: a person who returns home. Liu Changqing's poem "I hear dogs barking at Chaimen, and I return home on a snowy night."
(6) Shuomo: Desert land in the north. Du Fu's poem: "As soon as I go to Zitai and even Shuomo."
(7) Wait for more: wait again; pass again.
Creation background
"Two Evening Scenes on the Spring River by Huichong" was painted by Su Shi for Hui Chong in Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan) in the eighth year of Yuanfeng of Emperor Shenzong (1085). "Spring River Evening Scene" is a poem written on two paintings. It is said that this poem was written in Jiangyin.
Appreciation
The first line of the poem is "Three or two peach blossoms outside the bamboo." Looking across the sparse green bamboo, a few peach blossoms are swaying. The peach and bamboo contrast with each other, and the red and green set off the scenery. The spring atmosphere is particularly lovely. Although this is just a simple sentence, it reveals a lot of information. First of all, it shows the sparseness of the bamboo forest. If it were dense, the peach blossoms would not be visible. Secondly, it indicates the season and highlights the word "early". The spring cold has just passed, and it is not yet the time for peach blossoms to bloom, but the infinite vitality and potential of spring have already been revealed.
The second sentence of the poem, "The duck prophet sees the water warm in the spring river", looks from far to near, that is, from the river bank to the surface of the river. The spring water on the river is rippling, and the restless ducks are playing in the river. The "Duck Prophet" side shows that the spring river water is still slightly chilly, so other animals are not yet sensitive to the coming of spring. This echoes the "three or two branches" of peach blossoms in the first sentence, indicating the early spring season. This poem is adapted from a Tang Dynasty poem: Meng Jiao "What is the most prophetic thing? The Xuxucao fights for it" ("After the Spring Rain"), Du Mu (a work by Xu Hun) "The water under the root of the cattail is warm and the wild geese are beginning to fall, the plum path is fragrant and the bees are unknown." "("Early Spring Funici"). Su Shi learned from the past but not from the past. He combined the creative ideas of his predecessors' poems with his own accumulation of observations to form this fine sentence. "The duck knows the water is warm" is something that appeals to feelings and imagination. It is difficult to convey it in pictures, but the poet expresses it in his poems through his experience of putting himself in his shoes. The ducks playing freely in the river are the first to feel the rising temperature of the spring water, and use the tactile impression of "warmth" to supplement the visual impression of the spring water in the painting. The reason why ducks can "predict the warmth of the spring river" is because they live in the water all year round. As long as the river is not frozen, they will always jump into the water to play. Therefore, the first people to know about the changes in the water temperature of the Spring River are naturally these ducks, which are closely related to the water. This means that everything must be experienced personally to have a true feeling. This poem not only reflects the poet's meticulous observation of nature, but also embodies the poet's philosophical thinking about life. A duck can tell when a river is warm in spring when it goes into the water, which is comparable to the saying that "a fallen leaf can tell the world is in autumn".
The three or four lines of the poem: "The ground is full of wormwood and the reed buds are short, it is the time when the pufferfish is about to come up." These two lines of the poem still closely refer to "early spring" to describe, the ground is full of wormwood and wormwood. , short reed buds, yellow and green, gorgeous and charming, presenting a scene of spring and prosperity. "Pufferfish wants to go up" borrows the characteristic that pufferfish only go upstream when the water in the Spring River is warm, further highlighting the word "spring", which is originally missing in the picture and difficult to reach with a brush, but the poet successfully "describes the scene that is difficult to describe". At present", injecting the breath of spring and vitality of life into the whole picture.
Zhang Lei, a student of Su Shi, also recorded in "Mingdao Magazine" that the natives in the Yangtze River area eat puffer fish, "but they cook it with three ingredients: Artemisia chrysanthemum and bamboo shoots, that is, reed sprouts and water spinach", believing that these three items are the most suitable combination with puffer fish. It can be seen that Su Shi's association is well-founded and natural. The beauty of poetry also depends on this. Although the picture does not describe the movement of the puffer fish, the poet inferred from the thick grass and reed sprouts that "the puffer fish is about to come up", so he painted the image of the puffer fish moving up the river when the spring water was rising, and supplemented it with imaginary virtual scenes. Reality. Su Shi used this kind of pen and ink to transform silent and static pictures into a sound and moving poetic realm. In Su Shi's eyes, this painting is no longer a flat, static picture on paper within the frame, but gives people a sense of ecology with its deep inner experience and subtle and delicate observation. The former is picturesque, while the latter is realistic. The two are confused, and I don't know which is the painting and which is the real scene. The poet's artistic association broadens the world beyond the visual expression of painting, and perfectly combines poetry and painting.
This poem successfully describes the scenery of the Spring River in early spring. With his meticulous and keen feelings, Su Shi captured the characteristics of the scenery during the change of seasons and expressed his joy and praise for early spring. The whole poem is full of spring and full of vitality, giving people a feeling of freshness and comfort. The poet Su Shi proposed that "the poems and paintings are consistent, both natural and fresh" ("Two Broken Branches Painted by the Master of Book Yanling"), "There are paintings in poems, and there are poems in paintings" (Volume 5 of "Dongpo Inscriptions and Postscripts") "Mojie Lantian Misty Rain Picture") has been well verified in his painting poem "Huichong Spring River Evening Scene".