Author: Guo Moruo
1, the background of Qu Yuan's creation.
Qu Yuan wrote it in 1942+ October. After the outbreak of the Pacific War, the Japanese invaders stepped up their aggression against China and concentrated their main forces on a large-scale "sweeping" of the anti-Japanese base areas. Chiang Kai-shek, on the other hand, stepped up the struggle against * * *, engaged in separatism and created the "Southern Anhui Incident" of 194 1 and 1. At the same time, in the Kuomintang-controlled areas, producers and anti-Japanese progressives were massacred. The whole Kuomintang area has become a suffocating tin can.
Facing the dark reality, all progressives in China are angry. Guo Moruo used historical drama as a spear, borrowed the past from the present, and created the historical drama Qu Yuan, consciously "reviving the anger of Qu Yuan's era". And said: "I intend to use the era of Qu Yuan to symbolize our era."
2. The contradiction and theme of Qu Yuan.
The contradictions and conflicts in Qu Yuan are mainly manifested in the sharp contradictions and struggles between the patriotic political line of uniting Qi Kang, represented by Qu Yuan, and the reactionary line of falling to Qin and betraying the country, represented by Shanxi merchants. This is the essence of ideological conflict and conflict in the whole drama. On this basis, the struggle against persecution and persecution is formed, which constitutes the action line running through the whole play.
The theme drama launched this life-and-death struggle between light and darkness, justice and evil, which showed the noble quality of Qu Yuan, an ancient patriotic poet and politician, and made the whole drama full of lofty tragic spirit and majestic righteousness. It angrily exposed and lashed out at those ghosts who betrayed the country for glory, were ignorant, and framed loyalty, shouting "We only have thunder, only lightning, only storms" and "Destroy, destroy, destroy everything sleeping in the dark arms!" The strongest voice of the times.
3. The personality characteristics and significance of Qu Yuan's image.
Qu Yuan was a great poet and politician in the Warring States Period. His lofty patriotism and selfless fighting spirit are his personality characteristics. He loves the motherland and people, and sincerely hopes that Chu will become strong and realize the great cause of reunifying China.
The image of Qu Yuan is a great patriotic image. He is the ideal of the people, the embodiment of light and justice, and the soul of the Chinese nation. His noble political sentiments and ideals, tenacious will to struggle, strong integrity and character have saturated the great and long-standing historical spirit of our nation, showing the infinite strength of the nation, and also showing the author's strong revolutionary style of love, hate and fighting.
4. Analysis of the image of ChanJuan.
Chan Juan is Qu Yuan's maid, a pure, lovely and naive girl. She is humble and eager to learn, and deeply understands the righteousness. She loves Qu Yuan, admires Qu Yuan's moral character, obeys Qu Yuan's instruction to be a man, "live and die aboveboard", and has the spirit of not being afraid of powerful people and daring to struggle.
Shan Juan is an ideal figure made up by the author. The author portrays her as "the soul of poetry", "the messenger of light" and "the symbol of moral beauty". She is "the symbol of Qu Yuan's Ci and Fu". Her unyielding power and wealth, her thunderous fighting spirit and patriotic feelings are just like Qu Yuan. Her ideological and moral character is the inheritance and activation of Qu Yuan's spirit. The end of the play symbolizes that Chanjuan's spirit won eternal life in the baptism of fire.
5. Qu Yuan's characterization characteristics.
The creation of Qu Yuan's image is one of the characteristics of Qu Yuan's romantic poetry and drama. As a historical drama, characterization mainly focuses on the spiritual character of the characters, which, in Guo Moruo's words, means "crashing to look like". The author does not stick to the historical truth of the characters, but abandons the trivial details of their lives and idealizes them. Inadvertently pursuing the versatility and complexity of the characters magnifies a certain aspect of the characters' personality and makes it stand out very strongly. In shaping the image of Qu Yuan, he boldly emphasized his historical spirit of integrity, evil and courage to fight against the dark forces. Gave him a lightning personality. The image of Shan Juan is the complement and contrast of Qu Yuan's image, and it is a highly idealized image.
While the author pushes the ideal person who is praised to the peak, he also demotes the villain he wants to condemn to the abyss. Zheng Xiu's post-South image is almost the epitome of all such bad women throughout the ages. She is as vicious as a poisonous snake. It can be seen that Qu Yuan's description of characters has a very strong color. The author dares to cut off all branches and vines in order to highlight the main spiritual characteristics of the characters, unlike realism, which pays attention to the truth of details.
6. Characteristics of Qu Yuan's plot structure.
The plot structure of Qu Yuan is the second feature of Qu Yuan's romantic poetic drama. The plot section is simple and the structure is concentrated. The author put aside all kinds of complicated experiences of Qu Yuan's life, seized the persecution and anti-persecution struggle of Qu Yuan by the capitulators headed by Nan Hou, and completed the quality description of Qu Yuan's life in one day, with many suspense, ups and downs and strong concentration. In a certain period of time, the plot is simple, which can leave more "gaps" for the author to portray characters, show his heart and express his feelings. This is the characteristic of poetic drama in plot handling.
7. Features of Qu Yuan's dramatic language.
Qu Yuan's dramatic language is the third feature of Qu Yuan's romantic poetry and drama. According to the requirements of poetic drama, Qu Yuan's language has poetic artistic conception, rhythm and charm. Lyrics and folk songs are interspersed from time to time in the play to set off the atmosphere and the characters. The script introduces many poems of Qu Yuan, such as Ode to an Orange and Nine Songs. And "Ode to Orange" runs through the whole play. Ode to Thunder and Electricity is an excellent prose poem, which is magnificent and the essence of poetry. The lyric language in the play pays attention to the combination with the stage environment. Praise the oranges in the orange orchard; In the Taiyi Hall of the East Emperor, it is raining, thundering and thundering, and the wooden stalks of the earth are all powerful, which makes the whole drama form a poetic atmosphere and artistic conception of blending scenes. The language in the play is mostly poetic spoken language and rhythmic prose. Qu Yuan is a drama close to poetic drama.
Qu Yuan is divided into five acts: ode to orange, accusation, evocation, imprisonment and ode to thunder and lightning.
Qu Yuan was imprisoned in the Taiyi Hall of the Eastern Emperor. He carried instruments of torture on his hands and feet, tied a long chain around his neck, distributed shawls and wandered alone. At this time, the wind roared, thunder and lightning. Facing this dark world, he thought that his motherland was going to die. Listening to the roar of the wind and thunder, watching lightning break through the sky, he felt the great power of nature. His anger developed to the extreme, and his heart was on fire, casting this magnificent and moving loneliness-Lei Song. It is the most concentrated and prominent expression of Qu Yuan's fighting spirit. "Lei Song" is the most powerful note in the climax of the whole play.
Ode to Thunder and Electricity is a manifesto describing Qu Yuan's questioning heaven and earth to express his ideal when his self-respecting soul suffered the greatest humiliation and his life was at a critical juncture. Monologue endows natural thunder and lightning with sacred power in poetic language, making thunder and lightning an eternal sword in his hand to split the darkness and burn everything in it. Ode to Thunder and Electricity vividly expresses Qu Yuan's ideals and demands of loving the motherland, upholding justice, longing for light and opposing darkness. "Lei Song" is a song of justice, with history as the theme, drama as the form, and poetry as the soul, which "revives the anger of the times in Qu Yuan's era" and shows the people's anti-Japanese demands and national spirit of unity.
original text
Qu Yuan (wind and lightning) wind! You shout! Howl! Yell hard! In this dark time, everything fell asleep, fell into a dream and died. It's time for you to roar, and it's time for you to roar as hard as you can!
No matter how much you shout, you can't wake them up from their dreams, you can't blow away the dead, you can't blow away the darkness heavier than iron, but you can at least blow away some dust, sand and stones, at least some flowers and trees. You can let Dongting Lake, Yangtze River and East China Sea surf for you and roar with you!
Ah, I miss Dongting Lake, I miss the Yangtze River, I miss the East China Sea, and the boundless waves! That powerful and boundless great power! That is freedom, dance, music and poetry!
Ah, the greatest poem in the universe! Your wind, your thunder, your electricity, everything you roar and shine in this darkness, you are poetry, music and dance. Great artists, in the your universe, give full play to the power of your. Release endless anger and explode this dark universe, a gloomy universe! It exploded!
Ray. Is that the sound of your wheels rolling? You dragged me to Dongting Lake, to the Yangtze River and to the East China Sea! I want to see the rolling waves, I want to hear the roar, I want to drift to an uninhabited island, without conspiracy, filth and selfishness! I want to jump into boundless freedom with you, with your voice and with the boundless sea!
Ah, electricity! You are the sharpest sword in the universe! My sword is drawn, but you, you can draw my tangible sword, but you can't draw my invisible sword. Electricity, your sword in the universe, is also the sword in my heart. You separate, separate, separate! Split, split, split this darkness stronger than iron! Although you split it like water, you pull it out and it closes again, at least you can make the light appear for a moment. Oh, what a brilliant light!
Light, I admire you, I admire you, I bow down to you, I kowtow to you. I know you are a fire, you, the greatest person in the universe, fire! You are on the horizon, you are in front of me, you are by my side, I know you are the life of the universe, you are my life, you are me! My burning life, I am about to burst into anger, can't I shine in generate?
Burst, my body! Burst, universe! Let the naked fire roll, like this wind, like this sea, and burn all tangible and filthy things! Burn it! Burning contains all the evil darkness!
Burn your Eastern Emperor Taiyi! Burn you in the clouds! You wooden poles, what virtue do you have sitting on the throne? You are just a father and mother who create darkness!
You, you Dong Jun, what kind of Dong Jun are you? People say you are the sun god, and you, you can't ride a horse sitting there. You, you're blushing. Are you shy, too? Ah, you, you are totally fake! You, you wooden stick, you heartless, soulless person, I will burn you, burn you, burn everything, especially your horse! Come down and walk if you can! What a good Priestess of Death, what a good young man, your great ability is that you only know how to fool people! What A Xiang jun, what Mrs. A Xiang, your only skill is crying! Cry, what's the use of crying? Tears, what's the use of tears? Let you cry out a few cages of fragrant princess beads at most! But isn't that incense column the instrument of torture used by the master to beat slaves? Get off the boat, get off the cloud, and I'll burn you all to death! Burning! Burning!
Hum, you and Bo ... Oh, you Hebo! You, you are my first comforter! I can see it clearly! When I was taken to the high slope and the guard wanted to rest, I stood on the high slope and looked back at the Longmen. I see very clearly, very clearly! I saw ChanJuan abused, and I saw you stand up and argue with your fingers in the air. As a result, you were brought into Longmen, and Chanjuan was also brought into Longmen.
But I, I have no tears. The universe, the universe has no tears! What's the use of tears? We only have thunder, only lightning, only storms, and we have no slow rain! This is my will, the will of the universe. Encouragement, wind! Roar, ray! Shine, electricity! Destroy, destroy, destroy everything that sleeps in the dark arms!