Together with Li Yerenqing, Su Zhang Zijing and Wang Yuanliang, they rhyme and draw words.
Old friends are separated and brought back, and now they are at home.
Gan Kun shows a clear view, and Wan Jing borrows it.
It snowed in the north wind for three days, and Tai Su became a city.
Yu Zhengrong, 93, does not cross from Ling.
The cold wave is light, and Bai Niao is long.
I am eager to return to people, and the state of things is leisure.
Pot hum, dust full of sorrow.
Looking back at the people in the pavilion, the flat forest is picturesque.
The first two sentences explain the scene before leaving. "Old friends" or old friends, "sharing" means breaking up. Parting is imminent, and old friends are reluctant to part. They came to the shore of Shui Ying, and the poet stopped his car to return and exchanged treasures with his friends.
Then the poet did not express his feelings of attachment and parting, but put pen and ink aside to show the vast mountains and rivers. "Gankun" and "Wanjing" are opposite, and the realm is extremely broad; The words "exhibition" and "borrowing" are skillfully used. As a verb, "exhibition" and "overlooking" refer to people's vision. The sky is far away, which makes people's eyes wide open, and there is infinite scenery in front of them. "Borrowing" means "borrowing", that is, being tolerant or friendly to others. Here, the poet wrote the nature full of life and spirituality with personification. On that day, Vientiane seemed to have a special affection for people, showing its variety. The north wind and heavy snow make people feel that nature is running endlessly. "Tai Su" is the ancient name of the matter that constitutes the universe, that is, the mass that forms the universe. Ban Gu's "White Tiger Tong Tian Di" says: "On the day of the beginning, there was a beginning first, then a beginning, and the shape was established, named Tai Su." "Grasping" means handling and mastering. "Metaphysics" refers to the development and change of nature, also known as "nature". What is said here is that the elements of matter dominate the evolution of nature, from autumn to winter, wind, frost, rain and snow. Looking around, the continuous mountains are too steep to turn over. As an adverb, "le" is often used in negative sentences to strengthen the negative tone. "Lingkua" means crossing. The next word "le" here fully shows the abrupt and majestic momentum of the giant mountain. "Jiu San" refers to the nine mountains of Yuan Tiao, Yinggu, Gaocheng, Shao Shi, Dajian, Daxie, Daxiong, Damao and Juci. The word "Jiu San" describes the mountain situation, and the word "cold wave" describes the water state. The water here refers to Yingshui. Here, the poet deliberately exaggerated the leisure and remoteness of the waterscape, in order to form a contrast with the shocking momentum of the mountains above, and received a comparative artistic effect. In order to highlight this quiet style, the poet deliberately chose the overlapping words of Mansheng long words to create a continuous effect. It is worth mentioning that the word "faint" is more attractive than using dynamic words to describe the instability of microwave ripples, which can convey its lightness and remoteness. There is a sentence in Pan Yue's "Jingu Poetry": "The green pool is faint, and the green willows are yiyi." And "Bai Niao" refers to Bai Ou and heron, such as Du Fu's Forty Rhymes for Prince Bohua in Xiazhou: "There are many Bai Niao in the rivers and lakes." Rain: "Bai Niao goes to Bianming." Poets like to write their own leisurely gestures, such as Du Fu's "Official Pavilion of Ji Xiang Temple in Fucheng County": "Soak herons in the long night." The couplets in Yuanshi County are not painted with algae, but with simple lines. It writes elegant artistic conception with concise language, harmonious syllables and neat antithesis, and conveys a melodious charm, which is not only fluent but also fascinating. No wonder it is praised by people as a warning to the whole poem. Not only that, it is also wonderful to write about the kind of mood that poets inadvertently encounter with nature. Wang Guowei called this association "a place without me", and he pointed out in "Words on Earth": "Under the hedge of picking chrysanthemums, you can see Nanshan leisurely", "The cold wave is faint, and Bai Niao is long", and there is no place for me. There is my realm, I see things, so everything is my color; Without me, we look at things in terms of things, and we don't know what is mine and what is physical. The ancients wrote for words, and wrote about my realm. I couldn't write my realm before I started. This is what heroes can do. "He marked the couplets in Yuanshi County as one of the representatives of No Man's Land and spoke highly of it. The so-called "realm without me" actually means that the subject observes the external object intuitively with a relatively calm state of mind, so as to achieve seamless integration with the object, so it is "I don't know what I am and what I am". At this time, the subject is heartbroken because of the trigger of the object, so Zhou called it "realm without me" and "touching the scene" (poetic example). So what feelings did the poet touch here? This is the last part of this poem.
If people temporarily reach the psychological balance of blending things with me in the "realm without me", then once the balance disappears, the waves in my heart will surge and roll. Faced with this scene, the poet can't help feeling that "anxious to return is in a leisurely and comfortable material state". At this point, the poet pointed out the intention of this scene. He contrasted his impatience with eternal nature and endless life. Studying as an official is the persistent life goal of feudal intellectuals, and Yuanshi County must have had an unpleasant experience when it resigned and left Beijing after being an official for one year. The times when the enemy was under pressure and the country was shrinking made him unwilling to be an official, so he hurried home. The contrast between self and object reveals a sense of shame, so there is a deep feeling below: running around in the secular dust and fighting for the so-called "fame" not only failed to live up to drinking and writing poems, but also made people sigh. The interpretation of the sentence "Shang Hu" needs a lot of consideration, but considering the poet's works at the same time, it is better to interpret it this way, that is, this sentence is an inversion of "negative Shang Hu singing". Yuanshi County highly respects Tao Yuanming, and he also likes drinking. His imitation pottery poem "Drinking" (written in the same year as this poem). The poem says: "Time flies, it has existed since ancient times, and nothing is true. I was drunk in my hometown, including Xi Huang Chun. It is difficult to teach the holy religion, but see Dionysus. Who can brew the sea and make the people drunk? " It can be seen that his alcoholism is an escape after being disappointed with reality; It is hard to be an alcoholic if you want to escape from this world. At the same time, Ying Ting said: "How many times has victory been suppressed? It's sad to see the Central Plains. I plan to continue the poet's gift when I travel far away, but unfortunately there is no wine glass in a hurry. " This solution can also be used as evidence. In this way, it is not difficult to find that the symbolic meaning of giving and comparing is actually a kind of personality and spiritual realm that poets yearn for. If the majestic mountains show the poet's pursuit of a noble personality, then the leisurely water and birds symbolize the tolerance of diluting leisure. Nature is eternal, standing beside the towering mountains; It is always in motion, just like running water and birds. Borrowing the language of philosophy, it is a "thing of itself"; The change of its interest is "self-transformation" (Zhuangzi), and it is independent of human will. Those who cling to material desires will inevitably sigh and yearn for it. At the end of the poem, he wrote that he looked back at his friend who sent him away, but he saw the flat forest was desolate and picturesque. Here, rather than writing farewell and nostalgia, it is better to express a spiritual realm that dispels the sense of separation and integrates things with me. All the hurt, separation and hatred have melted into this distant landscape, and in fact, they have returned to the previous "no-self realm".