The water is bright and sunny, and the mountains are cloudy and rainy.
If there are more dead beauties in the West Lake, C+ is so appropriate.
The poem clearly describes the beautiful scenery of the West Lake, but in fact it reflects Su Dongpo's feelings when he first met the clouds. Chaoyun was twelve years old. Although he is young, he is smart and alert. Because I admire Mr. Dongpo's talent very much and am treated well by Su Shi and his wife, I am very glad of my fate with Su Jia and decided to follow Mr. Dongpo all my life. The relationship between Chao Yun and Su Shi is very strange. She lived with Su Shi for more than 20 years, especially accompanied Su Shi through two years of hard years of relegation to Huangzhou and Huizhou, but she never had the name of Mrs. Su Shi or his wife, and only after Huangzhou did she change from a maid to a concubine.
An omniscient confidante-all rivers run into the sea.
Su Dongpo seems to have a good relationship with Wang Xing. His original wife, Wang Fu, was only sixteen when she married Su Jia. She was a good friend of Su Dongpo in Bandu, but she died at the age of 27. Into the deep sadness of Su Dongpo's feelings. Ten years after Wang Fu's death, on a quiet night in Michigan, Su Dongpo wrote her first mourning poem "Remembering Dreams in the First Month of Jiang": Ten years of life and death are boundless, and I never forget it. A lonely grave thousands of miles away, desolate and nowhere to talk about. Even if we don't know each other, our faces are dusty and our temples are frosty. At night, I suddenly dreamed of going home, and the window of Xiao Xuan was being decorated. Care for each other without words, only a thousand lines of tears. It is estimated that the annual heartbroken place, moonlit night, short matsuoka.
Three years after Wang Fu's death, Su Dongpo continued to marry Wang Runzhi, the second cousin of his first wife Wang Fu. She is very gentle and treats Mai Su, Wang Fu's son, as her own child. She is a good wife and mother, and is deeply respected by Su Dongpo. Although Wang Chaoyun's position can't be compared with Wang Runzhi's, she can enter Su Shi's spiritual world better than Wang Runzhi in terms of spiritual and artistic feelings. She approached Su Shi, who is full of romantic temperament, because of her understanding and experience of artistic life and her taste in playing with delicate feelings, rather than her worldly life experience.
Wang Chaoyun and Mr. Dongpo know each other very well, and they can see each other's intentions in every move. Even if Dongpo's poems lightly touch on the past, they will also cause the sadness of Chaoyun. The most typical is Dongpo's poem Dead Hua Lian:
Flowers fade, red apricots are small, swallows come and people walk around in the green water.
There are few willows blowing on the branches, but there are many herbs in the sea.
Swing in the outer wall of the road, laity in the wall, beautiful woman laughing in the wall.
Laughter dies in silence, but passion is mercilessly annoyed.
It is said that when Su Dongpo was banished to Huizhou, Wang Chaoyun often sang the word "Dead Hua Lian" to relieve Su Shi's melancholy. Whenever Chaoyun sings "A few willows blow the branches", he hides his melancholy and stops crying. Dongpo asked why, and Chao Yun replied, "If I can't finish singing, there is no shortage of grass in the sea." . Su Shi smiled and said, "I feel sorry for autumn, and you are hurting spring again!" " "After Chao Yun's death, Su Shi" never listened to this word ". The ancients thought that fragrant grass was willow cotton, so the willow cotton on the branches blew all over the world, and fragrant grass was born with the wind. This word also alludes to Su Shi's fate of "walking on Wan Li Road for half a day, while the monk lies in buddhist nun to die". Under the persecution of his political enemies, his career has improved, but it has further degenerated and suffered a greater blow every time. When Chao Yun sang those two sentences, he remembered the ups and downs of Su Shi's official career and the helplessness of his fate. He felt the same way about Su Dongpo's loyalty to the world, so he burst into tears and couldn't help it. And Dongpo also noticed her intimacy, only to comfort with a smile, the intimacy between the two can be seen.
If Wang Fu tries to give Su Shi deep care and help in his official life and interpersonal relationship; During the ups and downs of Su Shi's life, Wang Runzhi recognized Su Shi's life values and made him feel the warmth and harmony of his family. Therefore, Wang Chaoyun is congenial to Su Shi with his artistic temperament, singing and dancing, interest in Buddhism and understanding of Su Shi's mind.
According to Dongpo's Notes, one day Dongpo retired from the DPRK, ate and crawled, and Gu said to his servant, "Who are you in this life?" A maid suddenly said "all articles". Dongpo disagreed. Another person said, "It's all mechanical." Porter didn't expect when it would be. Zhi Chaoyun said, "The belly of a bachelor is out of date." Poe burst out laughing. Zan: "The only one who knows me is Chaoyun." Since then, I love Wang Chaoyun more.
It is true that Su Shi is full of articles or wisdom, but Su Shi is Su Shi because he was full of untimely thoughts when the old and new parties were in power. No wonder Su Shi laughed and regarded Chaoyun as a bosom friend. Chao Yun knows that after the quiet life changes, Su Shi has indifferent to the honor and favor of senior officials. Behind Su Shi's flourishing career, there are his worries about the fate of life, his rejection of material wealth and his feelings about the emptiness of spiritual life. Can see through Su Shi's inner world and make him a confidante.
Su Dongpo lived in Hangzhou for three years, and then moved to Mizhou, Xuzhou, Huzhou and other places. Even because of the Wutai poetry case, he was demoted to Huangzhou. During this period, Wang Chaoyun always followed closely and had no regrets. When they were in Huangzhou, they lived in poverty. Su Dongpo wrote in his poem: "This year, mowing the grass to cover the snow hall, the sun blows ink." Wang Chaoyun is willing to share joys and sorrows with Su Dongpo, wearing a cloth and carefully adjusting Su Dongpo's daily life. She used cheap fat pork in Huangzhou, which was slow and tender, and baked a piece of meat that was soft and fat but not greasy, as Su Dongpo's favorite side dish. This is the later "Dongpo Meat"
In the sixth year of Yuanfeng (1083), on September 27th, 22-year-old Chao Yun gave birth to a son for Su Shi. Su Shi named him Dun (traditional Chinese characters). At this time, Su Shi was writing a biography for the Book of Changes according to his father's instructions. "Escape" is taken from the thirty-seventh book of changes, which means to stay away from the political vortex, disappear from it and retire. In this hexagram, he said: "Jia Dun, Zhen Ji" and "Hao Dun, Jun Zi Ji", which shows his name.
At the full moon, Su Dongpo remembered the famous Beijing in the past, but now it is "gradually unknown". It's all because cleverness is mistaken for cleverness, so I feel it. I laugh at a poem: everyone adopts a son to see cleverness, and I am mistaken for cleverness all my life; I just hope that the children will be stupid and honest, and there will be no disaster and no trouble for the public.
In March of the seventh year of Yuanfeng, Su Shi received an imperial edict, changed him to Ruzhou's deputy envoy, and moved to Northwest Beijing Road. Su Shi did not dare to neglect after receiving the imperial edict. In mid-April, his portable family set off. On July 28th, when their boat was moored at Jinling River, their little godson suffered from heatstroke and died in Chaoyun's arms. Su Dongpo was very sad and wrote a poem with a long title: "On September 27 last year, I gave birth to a son in Huangzhou, and his nickname was taken, which was very different. On July 28th this year, I died in Jinling, wrote two poems and cried. I was 49 years old and lost my young son. The youngest son is really my son, with eyebrows and horns alike. If you don't expect what you want, you will wander in the history of books. Shaking your head like a pear seems to be a shame. My old man is always full of energy and happy, so I smile and rejoice.
From the above words, we can see Dongpo's love for his son: seeing that the child is interested in his poetry books, he thinks that he will be a reading in the future; Children shake their heads and don't want pears, that is, they think they know the courtesy of forbearance like Kong Rong. Mr. Dongpo, who is nearly half a century old, has been greatly comforted by the addition of this son. However, only half a year later, the child died unexpectedly, which plunged him into extreme grief. For this reason, Su Shi deeply blamed himself, and even thought that his adopted son's death was caused by himself:
Suddenly taken away, I'm fed up with bad karma! Clothing and wages are exempt from customs, and they are extinct for a while. Returning empty-handed, my eyes filled with tears.
Dongpo's grief is almost extreme, and the grief of Chaoyun can be imagined. The second poem directly tells Chen Yun at this time:
I can still wipe my tears, but I forget them when the days are far away. Mom cried and wanted to die with you. So the clothes are still hanging and the breasts have flowed to the bed.
This kind of sad poem can be regarded as the "history of poetry" of life suffering, and it is also a confession that Dongpo and Chaoyun know each other and comfort each other. In particular, the phrase "clothes are still hanging, breasts have flowed to the bed" is not a person who sincerely loves women and children, and is not a person who carefully cares for them in life. How can you write the scene in the eyes of the old lady into a poem? Although Wang Chaoyun has never had a wife's name in his life, these poems are enough to show that Mr Dongpo, who has always regarded himself as a gentleman, has almost reached the point where he has a heart and a pulse.
Dongpo in love toward the cloud at the same time, still regret, constantly blame yourself:
Tibetan medicine is like a hill, and it is more important to seek prescription in the face of diseases. Will still love the blade, cut open this aging intestines.
"Doctors don't cure themselves, but doctors don't cure themselves", which is an ancient saying. Maybe the godson was cured by Dongpo's skilled medical man and won't leave him, but he loves his children too much. If the godson has something in his hand, where can he support his "sentimental" and sentimental heart? The more careful, the more trouble, the consequences appear, and the child is dead! A "love knife" full of marriage love and father-son love really wants to cut Dongpo's intestines into pieces. ...
After the death of his adopted son, Dongpo decided not to go to Ruzhou. He asked the immortals to live in Changzhou. On the one hand, it is inseparable from his Changzhou complex. On the other hand, it is also related to Chaoyun, who wants to settle down and take good care of his liver and intestines. Changzhou is around Taihu Lake, and the landscape and customs here should be the most important. One more thing, which has never attracted people's attention, is that 17 years later, Mr. Dongpo also died on July 28, the same day as his youngest son Su Dun.
Life is hard, and Wan Li goes with him-unlike Yang Zhi's farewell to Lotte.
After the death of Song Shenzong, Song Zhezong succeeded to the throne and appointed Sima Guang as the prime minister, completely abolishing Wang Anshi's new law; Therefore, Su Dongpo, who opposed the new law, was recalled to Beijing to be promoted to a bachelor's degree in Longtuge and served as a waiter for the little emperor. At this time, Su Dongpo was very appreciated by Xu An and the little emperor who was only 12 years old, and he was politically proud. It's hard to understand. When Dongpo's career was bleak and frustrated, Wang Chaoyun, who shared weal and woe with him, was not so important at this time. Officialdom entertainment and family affairs are naturally dominated by Wang Runzhi, the mistress;
However, after only two years of scenery, Su Dongpo was once again pushed out of Beijing and became the magistrate of Hangzhou. After revisiting the old place, people in Hangzhou burned incense and fired guns along the road to welcome their beloved parents. In order to live up to expectations, in Wang Chaoyun's pillow talk, Su Dongpo came to Hangzhou this time, intending to do something useful for the people of Hangzhou. At that time, it coincided with the drought in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and the famine and plague in Hangzhou were combined. So, Su Dongpo wrote to the court, requesting relief of Gong Mi; At the same time, open granaries and set up porridge sheds to help the victims; A large number of good folk doctors have also been sent to diagnose and treat diseases for the victims free of charge; Dig deep wells to divert water for irrigation, so as to help people survive the disaster. During his tenure, he attached great importance to the renovation of the West Lake, using weeds and silted mud in the lake to build dikes to connect the north and the south. Water chestnut and lotus root are widely planted in the lake, which makes the grass unable to regenerate; The dike is covered with hibiscus and willow trees. In the spring and autumn, bloom is like a brocade, and the green tapestry brushes across the embankment, and people walk on it as if they were in a painting. This series of renovation measures not only facilitates the traffic and beautifies the lake view, but more importantly, it can prevent the lake from silting and protect Hangzhou from the raging tide, which is indeed a great good thing for the people of Hangzhou. In order to commemorate Su Dongpo's virtue, later generations named this long dike "Su Gongdi", which actually included my wife's painstaking efforts to help Wang Chaoyun.
In the following ten years, Su Dongpo successively became the magistrate of Yingzhou and Yangzhou, and his second wife, Mrs. Wang, died. Song Zhezong has been in charge of state affairs, with Zhang Dun as prime minister, and a number of ministers with different political views have been demoted, including Su Dongpo, who was demoted to Huizhou (now Huicheng District, Huizhou City, Guangdong Province) where barbarians live in concentrated communities. Seeing that the fortune has turned, it is rare to have hope of recovery. Many attendants and concubines scattered around, and only Wang Chaoyun followed Su Dongpo for a long journey and came to Huizhou over mountains. In this regard, Dongpo sighed deeply and wrote a poem:
Unlike Yang Zhi who is unhappy, just like Tong De and Lingyuan;
The Anuluo show is different from the old one, and the goddess Vimo always interprets Zen.
New works of winding medicine furnace, old marriage of dancing shirt and singing board;
Dan Cheng chased me away from Sanshan; Don't be a fairy in Wushan
The poem is methodical: "There are several concubines in my family who resigned one after another in four or five years. I moved south alone because I read Lotte poems." When Bai Juyi was old and frail, Su Fan, a beautiful concubine who was deeply loved by him, slipped away quietly, so Bai Juyi had the poem "Spring Return with Fanzi", which was called "Dynasty Cloud and Su Fan Dancing Prostitutes", but their temperaments were quite different. Chaoyun's loyalty goes hand in hand, and adversity goes hand in hand with * *. How can we not let Su Dongpo feel grateful in his later years?
When Wang Chaoyun was in Huizhou, he was very weak and it was always difficult to recover from the plague. Su Dongpo wrote "Poems on the Clouds": "New works around the medicine stove, old karma for dancing shirts and fans", worshiping Buddha and chanting scriptures, seeking medical advice and asking her to recover. However, Chaoyun, who grew up in Hangzhou, a scenic spot of mountains and rivers, is a sentimental person. In the end, he couldn't stand the sultry and harsh climate in Lingnan, and soon died in despair and helplessness, at the age of 34.
Chaoyun has been a Buddha all her life, and she is quite savvy and spiritual, which is also the condition that she and Su Dongpo have the same mind. As early as Su Dongpo was appointed as the satrap of Xuzhou, Chaoyun studied the Diamond Sutra with the monks in the temple, and later worshipped the local monks as lay disciples in Huizhou. Before she died, she insisted that Dongpo recite four sentences of the Diamond Sutra by hand: "Everything is like a dream, such as dew and electricity, so look at it this way", that is, "Everything in the world has a destiny, and life is like a dream, such as dew and lightning, which is fleeting, so don't care too much." These words are not only the Zen principles she realized after she converted to Buddhism, but also her endless concern and concern for Su Dongpo, whether before or after her death.
Dongpo respects Chaoyun's wishes. On August 3, 2003, Yu Shaosheng buried her in the pine forest of Qi Zen Temple on the south bank of Huizhou West Lake, and personally wrote an epitaph for her. The inscription is also like four Zen words:
Pagoda is a vision, and Galand is a reliance.
If you stay in your heart, only the Buddha will come back.
There are also some Buddhist mysteries in the death of Chaoyun.
On the third day after Chaoyun was buried, there was a storm in Huizhou. The next morning, Dongpo took his youngest son, Su Guo, to explore the tomb and found five giant footprints on the southeast side of the tomb, so he made a memorial ceremony at the Dojo, and therefore wrote "Huizhou Praise Cloud", which said:
Shi went to famine with guilt. I have a concubine, facing the clouds, working hard all her life, followed by Wan Li. Suffering from the epidemic, the jackal died of illness. After reading his words of forbearing death, I want to live under Zen. Therefore, the secluded room is set up to cover the tiny body. There is a crime of blaspheming essence and being blue, which may touch the gods. Buried for three days, after the storm, Linglu has five marks. Is to know the vastness of Buddha's nature and not to choose the subtlety of all beings. Dare to recommend Dan Cheng and bow to the Dharma Society. Every grass and tree in Fuyuan Mountain is illuminated by Buddha's light; Less fragrance and less flowers tonight, all over the world. Lakes and mountains, Anji, the grave is always strong. ...
In the days of Chao Yun's death, Su Shi was heartbroken and wrote many poems, words and articles in memory of this confidante, such as Epitaph of Chao Yun, Praise of Chao Yun in Huizhou, Plum Blossom in Xijiang, Slow Flowers in the Rain, and Tiqi Temple. Among them, the famous sentence "Xijiang Moon Plum Blossom" embodies the spirit and noble sentiment of Chaoyun:
What are the hidden worries and mists in jade bone? Ice muscle has its own fairy wind,
When the sea moves, it passes through the fragrant bushes and hangs upside down.
Plain face is not too pink, and red lips do not fade when washing makeup.
The high sentiment has vanished, and I don't dream with Lihua.
Su Dongpo also built six pavilions on the tomb to commemorate her and personally wrote couplets.
Out of date, only Chaoyun can know me;
Playing the same old tune alone, I miss you every time it rains. "
The pavilion couplet not only reflects Su Dongpo's sigh about his bumpy life, but also contains his infinite affection for a confidante.
Later generations wrote couplets on both sides of the pavilion according to the meaning of "Six Rus":
Dreams are like dreams, and they are like shadows, dew and electricity.
Not born, not destroyed, not dirty, not clean, not increasing or decreasing.
The West Lake in Huizhou, whose real name is Zhenfeng Lake, looks like the West Lake in Hangzhou, with green mountains and green waters, vast smoke waves and dancing blue shadows. Since Su Dongpo came, he often walked along the lake embankment and rowed with Wang Chaoyun, recalling his wonderful time in Hangzhou. Therefore, he named the landscape here with the name of the scenic spot of Hangzhou West Lake. This is their masterpiece, but unexpectedly, the lonely mountain in other places turned out to be the lonely place where Wang Chaoyun slept.
Chaoyun stone carving
In memory of Wang Chaoyun, Su Dongpo deliberately managed the West Lake in Huizhou, building towers, dikes and planting plums, trying to call back the long-lost days with these familiar scenery. However, beauty is gone. It is really "people like Qiu Hong have faith, and things are like spring dreams."
She walked towards the clouds, but her shadow was engraved in Su Dongpo's heart, and also in the landscape and flowers of Huizhou West Lake. Thinking about the joys and sorrows of talented people and beautiful women in the distance makes people laugh and cry. After becoming a vulture mage, there is a poem that says "six pavilions":
Su Causeway hate, wasteland against warehouse town;
The flowing water is eternal, and the fragrant soul leans on the pavilion.
Bohan three islands are green, and Liusuo six bridges are green;
Lonely Zen Temple, where can King Kong listen?
He Jiang, a native of Xinhui, has a poem "Tomb of the Morning Clouds".
Try to drink osmanthus syrup at the top of the mountain,
Yu Xiang Chaoyun Yangu.
The tombs in the Song Dynasty were scattered,
Married men are better than emperors.
In the sixth year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (180 1), he was the guardian of the tomb of Yi Bingshou in Chaoyun, supplementing Su Miansuo's epitaph and carving stones for the text. At that time, the Seven Zen Temple in Gushan no longer existed, and Chaoyun Tomb and Liu Ruting were also built several times. Chaoyun Tomb and Liu Ruting have been restored and opened to the outside world according to the style of Song Dynasty. Attached are epitaphs of Su Wenzhong and Gong Chaoyun.
Chaoyun Tomb and Liuruting are important cultural relics and historic sites in Huizhou, with great fame and numerous inscriptions in past dynasties. 1984 is listed as a key cultural relics protection unit in Huizhou city. Historically, Huizhou people often paid homage to Yun Sheng's birthday on February 5, 65438, and also mourned in the form of folk activities, forming a distinctive folk commemorative activity.
Mr. Dongpo's concubine is called Chaoyun, whose real name is Wang and she is from Qiantang. Mr. Shi, who is sensitive and upright, has been loyal and respectful for 20 years. In July of Shao Shengsan, Renchen died in Huizhou at the age of 34. In August, Geng Shen was buried in Fuhu, in southern Shandong. Give birth to a child and die before the due date. Gai tried to learn Buddhism from Bhikuni. I also know the general meaning. And recite the four words of the Diamond Sutra to death. Ming said: Pagoda is a vision, and basket is to rely on. If you stay in your heart, only the Buddha will come back.