Farming mountain fire is a famous haiku of Japanese freedom law. Monks in Cao Dongzong. Real name: Masaichi Nong.
Chinese Name: Farming Mountain Fire
Nationality: Japan
Ethnic group: Yamato ethnic group
Date of birth: 1882
Date of death: 1940
Occupation: poet
Faith: Buddhism, Cao Dongzong.
Representative works: Bowl, grass tower, landscape walk.
Real name: Nong Zhengyi
all one's life
Nong Shantou Huo was born in a big landlord family in rural Japan. My father had a strong feudal paternalistic style and asked his wife and children to do as they were told, but he lived a dissolute life and had many concubines. Childhood mountain fires often see my father yelling at my mother, and my wronged mother can only hide in the middle of the night and secretly cry. This made Shantouhuo feel unusual sympathy and pity for his mother and the weak from an early age. Once, my mother asked Shan Touhuo what kind of girl she liked. The thin Shan Touhuo looked at my mother's eyes closely and replied, "I like lonely, miserable and dying people." This shows how lonely and sad the childhood of Shantouhuo is. When I heard that my father's concubine was pregnant for seven months, the humiliated mother chose to throw herself into the well. Seeing his mother commit suicide, he was terrified, and he couldn't get out of the lonely haze of his father abandoning his mother for most of his life.
When he was young, Yamagata was admitted to Waseda University, but his university life in Tokyo was not happy. Because of his withdrawn personality, Shantouhuo often got drunk in the pub alone, and then was sent to the police station because he had no money to pay. When his intimate girlfriend confessed to him, Shantouhuo didn't dare to accept it, because he didn't dare to put his mind on things. He was afraid that what he had paid would be swallowed up and hurt like his mother. People who close their hearts are naturally unpopular and cannot integrate into the crowd. However, the sensitive mountain fire has sensibility and desire to express literature. He began to try to organize his feelings into haiku, such as "When the tearful child comes back, my house will be brightly lit", "The chain is hard to get rid of, the lonely dog barks alone", "Spiders weave their own webs, I believe in my strength" and so on, all of which conveyed his self-comforting mentality in self-isolation.
Father's profligacy and extravagance gradually made the fortune of the family decline, and Shantouhuo was forced to drop out of college (due to mental weakness). After a mountain fire accustomed to the life of a gentleman, I still sing and get drunk when I return to the village, but I am not born. He lived in the fantasy of haiku creation all day long until he grew older and faced the coming of marriage. Marriage is a difficult problem for Shantouhuo, because he is used to escape and fantasy, and he is afraid of taking any responsibility including starting a family. Fortunately, Shantouhuo's fiancee is a kind and cheerful girl. She was moved by the temperament of mountain fire as a poet, and cheered up the uncertain mountain fire with her flame-like enthusiasm. From the farce of naked meeting in the bathroom to confident conversation at the seaside, to forgiving her husband's hangover in the brothel on their wedding night, the love and tolerance of his wife made Shantouhuo try to find the courage to grow up, and marriage became the beginning of Shantouhuo's face-to-face real life. "Bright Moon in the Sky, If Wife Is a Child", one of the few haiku full of happiness, is a portrayal of the poet's grasp of happiness after life.
After marriage, life has a short period of stability. On the one hand, he works hard for the livelihood of his family. On the other hand, he had many excellent works in the famous haiku magazine "Layered Clouds" at that time, and studied under the famous haiku writer Seisensui. Just when life on the mountain was on the right track, the debt left by his father gave him a heavy blow. The dissolute father was heavily in debt and could no longer pay it back. He secretly transferred the debt to the name of Shantouhuo and ran away from home. The pressure of debt repayment once forced the mountain fire to have the illusion of hiding in Tokyo to write haiku, but the worse reality is that the brewery that the family gambled all their lives has been rotten for two consecutive years, and there is no wine to brew. Economic collapse, creditors forced the door, mountain fires can only escape at night, extremely embarrassed to stay away from home.
"Where is the township clearance? If the morning dew ". The Shantouhuo family moved to Kumamoto and, with the support of their friends, opened a small shop dealing in used books and stationery to make a living. At first, Shantouhuo was full of enthusiasm for his new life, making friends and working hard, and once again felt "an honor" from his work. But soon, his lonely and imaginative nature regained the upper hand. Business is not good, he complains; The future is bleak, and he is helpless. Sometimes I feel stupid and unworthy of everyone's concern; Sometimes I feel very talented. Only by going to Tokyo, a metropolis, will my talents be excavated. No one knows himself. As the poor life goes on day by day, the haiku of mountain fire also turns into depression: "Cough till midnight", "The track is straight in the hot sun" and "The leaves in the wine shake" all symbolize his helplessness in life choice.
The visit of his younger brother Jiro gave Shantouhuo an opportunity to understand life and gave him the motivation to put it into practice. My younger brother Jiro was adopted from a big family to a rich family. Because of this relationship, some wealthy families lend farmers a lot of money. With the escape of Shantouhuo's father and son, the debts of some rich families could not be recovered. So a rich man angered Jiro, broke off relations with Jiro and drove Jiro out of the house. Jiro, desperate, had to find his brother's mountain fire. Looking at his brother's seemingly stable life, Jiro's years of grievances and bitterness broke out. He made things difficult for mountain fires everywhere, slandered the haiku of mountain fires as plagiarism, and even openly brought prostitutes home. The mountain fire didn't get angry because of his brother's reckless behavior. He showed great understanding and sympathy for his depressed compatriots and persuaded his younger brother with unprecedented patience and love. Shantouhuo repeatedly told his younger brother, "We are a family", and we will share the sufferings of our family. After the mountain fire cried with his brother in his arms, he thought it was his love that brought him back and his efforts would lead him to a new life. But soon, the telegram came with bad news that my brother hanged himself. My mother committed suicide, my brother committed suicide, and my relatives left in front of me. Shantouhuo finally understood how weak his strength was, and how naive he believed that as long as he communicated sincerely and frankly, he could save others. The mountain fire that lingered for a long time in reality and fantasy really felt the impermanence and cruelty of life. There are no clouds in Wan Li, and I sigh for those who are dying. Great pain makes the mountain fire eager to take life. "I want to sing the poem of life forever!" Yamagata, 37, made a decision: "I want to go to Tokyo to be reborn."
The mountain fire that came to Tokyo changed creative thinking. He is no longer satisfied with deliberately piling up poems, but reminds himself to concentrate on grasping the inner understanding of real life for an instant. Only at this time, the mountain fire has not reached this handy state in creative thinking, and it often takes a long time to meditate. Creation is becoming more and more scarce, and making a living and taking office cannot last long. Life at the top of the mountain hit a wall everywhere, and pride gradually fell into a depressed swamp. When people reach middle age, there is no room for mountain fires to hide back to fantasy. His wife's family despised his behavior for a long time and took this opportunity to persuade them to agree to divorce. The mountain fire that is not sure about life can only be accepted, and the wife silently bears it with the mood of letting her husband create a life freely. Looking at the divorce agreement sent by his wife, Shantouhuo wrote "the dust of the city blows on the red mailbox".
1923, Tokyo was hit by the Great Kanto Earthquake. The mountain fire that escaped can only escape back to Kumamoto. In addition to his wife's smiling face, he was greeted by his neighbors' ridicule and his son's resistance. In any case, he pretends to live for language and art, and the nihilistic reality makes Shantouhuo just a timid man who never lives up to expectations. The spirit of the mountain fire is hopeless, and he is increasingly extravagant. He tried to commit suicide several times, but he lacked enough courage and failed. "There is no way out, but you will see the wind." Desperate mountain fires can only turn to Buddhism for help. This may also be the inevitable experience and destination of a poet who is pure in nature and never easily melts into reality. After a night of meditation, Shantouhuo carefully combed out his true thoughts, introspection, self-consciousness, self-esteem, and enough thinking and blank space, so that Shantouhuo, a noble poet, began to re-examine the world with his own eyes. No matter how much you know about the world, the mountain fire at this time must realize that only you can save yourself.
So the mountain fire became a monk, began to practice Zen in the mountains, and later chose to travel in a bowl. It's not easy to walk a distance by yourself. From his haiku, we can see that "the hail also falls in the iron bowl", "it slides to the place where the flowers fall" and "Shan Ye is silent", but the mentality of mountain fire in the face of suffering has completely changed. At the beginning of the journey, the mountain fire published a famous sentence in "Stratus Clouds": "Constantly crossing, constantly crossing, is still a castle peak." This seemingly simple sentence not only embodies the poet's joy in embracing nature, but also shows the helplessness of mountain fire in the long wandering journey. However, this kind of helplessness is not hopeless, but there is an endless green hill and infinite life. I will step over it slowly and calmly. The mountain fire took the initiative to resolve the suffering, so the feeling of love and the joy of life also overflowed. For asceticism, he is open to "every day in bloom, flowers bloom everywhere", for his wife and children, he is full of nostalgia for "big horse and pony, warm and harmonious", and for his mother, who was once regarded as the pillar of life, he has also changed from dependence to commemoration of "giving an oolong noodle, mother, and I will enjoy it together." Throughout his later years, Shantouhuo wrote many such simple but pure, fresh and meaningful free haiku, which truly practiced his artistic aesthetics of singing life with life.
The mountain fire in my later years was spent with the help and care of my friends. When I learned that I was terminally ill, the mountain fire did not stop, but avoided everyone and crossed the ocean. On this last journey, the terminally ill mountain fire suddenly found that it was still a kind of pain to seek the Tao alone without relatives and friends. The limit that each of us pursues does not exist in wandering and surging alone, but in the clear stillness after tortuous pursuit. The road that you can't hold hands with others is a road without sharing and warmth. "How lonely the straight road is!" After realizing this sentence, the mountain fire mood entered the realm of harmony with all things, and his life's wandering journey between reality, escape and talent also reached the origin of reincarnation. 1940, Shantouhuo died of heart paralysis in Songshan. The last haiku published before his death was: "The wind and clouds are surging, and the clouds are surging, stepping on white clouds."
1927 ~193146 ~ 50 years old, traveled all over Yang Shan? Yin Shan? Shikoku Kyushu local "389" (1~ 3 episodes). Write your own notes and beg.
19325 1 year-old, Chuanpeng Hot Spring Pass _ Chuanpeng Village, Feng Pu County (now Chuanpeng, Feng Pu County) lived for 8 months. Published the first sentence collection "Bo Zi Zi".
19325 1 year old, building a temple. 389 (four episodes). Write your own notes "diary".
193352 years old, the second sentence collection "Grass Tower" was published. 389 (five to six episodes).
193453 years old, living in Fukuoka, _ Island, Shenxian, Kyoto and Nagoya.
193554 years old, the third sentence collection "Mountain Walk Water Walk" was published.
193655 years old, the fourth sentence set "_ grass scenery" was published. Write your own notes, Travel Diary. I went to Feng Jingen, Tokyo, History, Nong Xin and Hokuriku.
193756 years old, published the fifth sentence collection "persimmon leaves". Write your own notes "diary".
193857 years old, left the shabby middle nunnery and settled in Fenglai, Tangtian Hot Spring Street, Yamaguchi City.
193958 years old, the sixth sentence collection "Lonely Cold" was published. Feng Jingen, Donghai and Muji tours. Write your own notes "Travel Diary" and "Diary".
193958 years old, entrusted a friend serving a sentence to tie the knot in "Yicaoan" in Songshan.
194059 years old, the seventh sentence set "crow". Published a collection of sentences "Grass Tower". I wrote my own note "Songshan Diary". China, Shikoku and Kyushu.
194059 years old, died in a grass temple in Songshan city.
The main work includes:
のの の
"Vegetation Tower"
"Mountain Water Situation" and so on.
Selected translation of works
(Selected from Review of Famous Japanese Poets in Past Dynasties by Shanghai Foreign Language Education Publishing House). Selected translation of the works of farming hilltop fire)
Line after line, the green hills are endless. -The Complete Works of Mountain Fires
Wandering between mountains and rivers, there is no distraction. -The Complete Works of Mountain Fires
The owl and I are awake. (2)-The Complete Works of Mountain Fire
①: Editor-in-chief Chen Yan.
②: Owl's sleeplessness is a natural habit, while the author's sleeplessness is caused by secular troubles.