"Mawei" was written by Yuan Mei in the 17th year of Qianlong (1752) when he went to Shaanxi as an alternate official and passed by Mawei Post. Next, I will bring the original and translation of Ma Wei, hoping to help you!
Ma Wei
Qing Dynasty: Yuan Mei
Don't sing the song of everlasting regret in those days, and the world also has its own galaxy.
In Shihao village, the husband and wife said goodbye, and there were more tears than in the Palace of Eternal Life.
Translation:
There is no need to sing the joys and sorrows of the emperor's concubines; There is also the Milky Way in the world, which separates thousands of couples in Qian Qian. Couples like Shihao Village can never be counted, and the tears of ordinary people are much more than those spilled in the Palace of Eternal Life.
Appreciation:
The story of joys and sorrows between Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and Yang Yuhuan, the imperial concubine, has aroused the poetic thoughts of many literati. Bai Juyi's famous Song of Eternal Sorrow not only reveals the political tragedy caused by Emperor Xuanzong's love for Yang Guifei, but also expresses sympathy for their love tragedy. However, Yuan Mei's poem is unconventional and innovative. He examines the love tragedy of Li and Yang in the context of the tragic experience of the common people, and emphasizes that the sufferings of the common people are far from comparable to those of the imperial concubine. Song of Eternal Sorrow and Shihao Li are well-known poems, and their creation background is the Anshi Rebellion. On the one hand, they take the life of emperors as the theme, and on the other hand, they take the experience of the people as the theme, which just constitutes a sharp contrast.
"Mawei" was written by Yuan Mei in the 17th year of Qianlong (1752) when he went to Shaanxi as an alternate official and passed by Mawei Post, with 4 songs. Yuan Mei and his concubine parted and went to Shaanxi, which was beyond their control. Reminiscent of the Li Yang affair written by Bai Juyi in Song of Eternal Sorrow, they thought that where will you go of the people was too numerous to mention, and where will you go of Li Yang was not worthy of sympathy. The love story about the 7-up meeting between Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei, which was circulated in those years and written in Song of Eternal Sorrow, is not worth singing, because there is still a "galaxy" in the world that can separate couples, and I wonder how many couples have suffered from where will you go's pain. As in Shihao village, when the son died in battle and the wife was widowed, and the old man went over the wall and the old woman applied for a job, the scene of farewell between husband and wife was more tearful than the love tragedy of Xuanzong and Guifei.
The phrase "Don't sing the song of everlasting regret in those days, the world also has its own galaxy" shows the poet's deep sympathy for the sufferings of the lower classes. The phrase "There are more tears than in the Palace of Eternal Life" reveals the reality that many couples cannot reunite because of all kinds of misfortunes in society.
The whole poem expresses emotion by chanting Ma Wei, and advocates that poetry should reflect people's miserable life more, which shows the author's progressive literary creation viewpoint.
Although this poem is lyrical, it is actually a poem of discussion. The first two sentences use Ma Wei as the topic to make an argument, and the last two sentences use allusions to demonstrate the above viewpoints. The materials of arguments and arguments were originally old, but the author turned the stale into novelty, making it serve for himself to put forward new ideas, and the old ones also became new, which was quite wonderful. The whole poem, as the author himself said, "borrow the past of the ancients and express your arms."
Yuan Mei's poem Ma Wei is very interesting. There are allusions everywhere from the title to the text, but they are all well-known allusions, so it is very popular to read, but the poem contains rich contents and is worth remembering. The title is "Mawei", which is the place where Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty was forced to execute Yang Guifei-Mawei Post (now the west of Xingping County, Shaanxi Province). At that time, in order to avoid the Anshi Rebellion, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty fled to Sichuan and passed through Mayi Post. The troops refused to go west, and finally forced Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty to execute Yang Guozhong and Yang Guifei. Yuan Mei's poem is about this matter. The "Song of Eternal Sorrow" in the first sentence refers to Bai Juyi's famous long poem "Song of Eternal Sorrow", in which the love between Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei is sentimental. The "Galaxy" in the second sentence refers to the story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl. It is also very tragic that they are blocked by the Galaxy. The "Shihao Village" in the third sentence refers to the "Shihao Li" written by Du Fu, in which an old couple were separated because the government arrested people as soldiers. The "Palace of Eternal Life" in the fourth sentence is one of the palaces in the Tang Dynasty. There is a poem in Song of Eternal Sorrow: "on the seventh day of the Seventh-month, in the Palace of Long Life, we told each other secretly in the quiet midnight world", which means that Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei pledged their vows together. The first sentence is based on historical events, the second sentence talks about the scattered people, the third sentence gives an example, and the fourth sentence compares it with the historical events in the first sentence. This is really a round trip, such as endless, and every sentence is thought-provoking and thought-provoking.
Introduction to the author of Ma Wei
Li Shangyin, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, was born in Xingyang, Zhengzhou, with his ancestral home in Qinyang, Hanoi (now Jiaozuo City, Henan Province). He is good at poetry writing, and his parallel prose is also of high literary value. He is one of the most outstanding poets in the late Tang Dynasty. Together with Du Mu, he is called "Little Li Du", and together with Wen Tingyun, he is called "Wen Li". Because his poems and essays are similar to those of Duan Chengshi and Wen Tingyun in the same period, and all three of them rank sixteenth in the family, they are also called "Thirty-six Style". His poems are novel in conception and beautiful in style, especially some love poems and untitled poems are touching, beautiful and moving, and are widely read. However, some poems are too obscure and confusing to be solved, and there is even a saying that "poets always love Xikun and hate no one to write Zheng Jian". Being in the middle of the struggle between Niu and Li, I was frustrated all my life. After his death, he was buried in his hometown Qinyang (now the junction of Qinyang and Boai County in Jiaozuo City, Henan Province). His works are included in Li Yishan's Poems.
Creative background
In November of the 14th year of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (755), An Lushan suddenly took up troops in Fanyang under the pretext of murdering Yang Guozhong. In June of the following year, the rebels captured Tongguan, and Chang 'an was in danger. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty fled to Sichuan with his beloved princess Yang Yuhuan. When passing through Maweipo, the Sixth Army did not send out. Chen Xuanli, the imperial general, was dissatisfied with Yang's brother and sister's autocracy. After killing Yang Guozhong and his son, he thought that "the thief was still there" and asked Yang Guifei to be executed to avoid future troubles. Tang Xuanzong was forced to give Yang Guifei the chance to hang himself, which is called "the change of Ma Wei" in history. Zheng Yi, as a man who made great achievements in politics in Tang Xizong Dynasty, was deeply moved by the events of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei. In the first year of Guangming in Tang Xizong (88), he wrote this poem in Fengxiang Longyou.