? Xiong Xinfa
Northern Song Dynasty porcelain with year marks on it is very rare. Not long ago, with the initial victory in the fight against the epidemic, the collection market has recovered. I also got two pieces of porcelain with the year "Yuanyou 2nd Year" written on it from a friend, which provides a glimpse into the prosperity of ancient Xiangyang during the Northern Song Dynasty. strong physical evidence.
? First, discover the whole process. The first piece is a Cizhou kiln coin with a picture of Pisces on a white background and black decoration in the second year of Yuanyou.
This pot was acquired by a friend in Yicheng many years ago when he was shoveling land in Chuanxiang. It had been kept for many years and was put on display years ago. My eyes lit up when I saw this object. The writing in the second year of Yuanyou was smooth and had the charm of Song calligraphy. The Pisces picture is completely realistic, with a pair of fish roaming among the water plants, lifelike. The height of the holding pot is 13 cm, the diameter of the belly is 10 cm, and the diameter of the base is 5 cm. People in the Song Dynasty loved the picture of Pisces very much. This is a Song Dynasty bronze mirror with a picture of Pisces.
The use of fish patterns for decoration has a very early origin, and was first seen in the painted pottery basins of the Banpo Culture in Xi'an.
I have a collection of jade fish-patterned water bowls from the Sanxingdui culture in Guanghan, Sichuan.
The second piece is a Cizhou kiln plum vase with yellow glaze on a black background.
On one side is the text "On September 12, the second year of Yuanyou, the Zhao family built it in the west of the state for the use of the Zhang family." From the lines, we can fully feel the activity of the commodity economy in the Northern Song Dynasty. In just 18 words, it contains both the year and the year. On month and day, there are manufacturers and users. A lively advertising slogan. The pattern on the other side is a picture of training a bear in the Northern Song Dynasty. Using a few simple strokes of yellow glaze on the all-black plum vase, a cute and naive big bear is tied to a wooden stake on the ground with a thick rope tied around its neck. This plum vase was posted for sale by a friend near Xiangyang in 2014 after I harvested my first one. Fortunately, the items are still there, so I got the pairing. This plum vase is 31 centimeters high, 13 centimeters in belly diameter, and 8 centimeters in base diameter. This pattern was widely used in the Song Dynasty. There is now a Northern Song Cizhou kiln porcelain pillow with a pattern of carved flowers and bears training in the British Museum.
? Both utensils are related to drinking, and both are containers for holding wine. It makes people think of the ancient people's unrestrained drinking. Four friends, He Zhizhang, Wang Zhihuan, Du Fu and Li Bai, poets of the Tang Dynasty, drank together and admired the moon. During the dinner, someone suggested using the full moon wine glass as the title sentence, and those who could not connect with it were not allowed to drink. He Zhizhang recited the first sentence: "A full moon shines on the golden cup." After reciting, he poured a glass of wine. Wang Zhihuan continued to recite the second sentence: "Pour wine into golden bottles and fill the moon with full moon." Then he also poured himself a glass of wine. Du Fu first poured a glass of wine, placed it in front of himself and chanted: "The full moon fell into the golden bottle." It was Li Bai's turn, and he slowly reached out and put all three glasses of wine in front of him and drank it down in one gulp, then laughed. He chanted: "Hold a gold bottle with the moon in your hand." The other three poets laughed endlessly. This historical allusion describes the profound and interesting nature of wine culture. It also adds infinite interest to these two collections of mine.
Second, why did the chronological mark appear on the porcelain in the early years of Yuanyou. Let's first take a look at the "Yuanyou Tongbao" iron mother coin issued by Song Zhezong.
This coin was collected in the late 1990s and purchased from teacher Yuan Yushu of Yibin Education College. Later, I met Mr. Zhou, a collector from Zigong, Sichuan. He said that he personally selected it from a pile of unearthed Song coins. This mother coin for casting iron coins is relatively precious. Do you know who wrote the Qian Wen? Yuanyou Tongbao was cast during the Yuanyou period of Zhao Xu, Zhezong of the Northern Song Dynasty (1086-1093 AD). The seal script and running script are in the form of money, including Xiaoping, Zheer and Zhesan. Yuanyou Tongbao Qian calligraphy was written by Sima Guang and Su Shi, famous politicians, writers and calligraphers of the Northern Song Dynasty. "Su style" is characterized by flowing water and clouds, falling and leaping, vigorous and unrestrained; seal script seems to be written by Sima Guang, with compact strokes, soothing and elegant, beautiful and soft.
In March of the eighth year of Yuanfeng (1085), Shenzong of the Song Dynasty passed away, and his son Zhao Xu succeeded him as Zhezong of the Song Dynasty. Zhezong ascended the throne as a young boy at the age of 9, and changed his reign name to Yuanyou. Empress Dowager Gao followed Shenzong's decree to assist the young emperor, listen to politics from behind the curtain, reuse Sima Guang and others, and restore the old law. This era was also the peak period of the development of Chinese culture, especially articles, poetry and calligraphy. Great masters emerged one after another, and they are prominent in ancient and modern times. They have deeply influenced Chinese literature, culture and people's thinking to this day. At the same time, they also directly influenced the contemporary Song Dynasty and Qian Dynasty. of casting and the prosperity of the commodity economy. As soon as Empress Dowager Gao came to power, she appointed Sima Guang as her prime minister.
"Take the restoration of the ancestral laws as the first priority, and implement the policies of Renzong to the best of our ability" and try our best to live a good life with the people. The nine years of her rule are known as the "Reign of Yuanyou" in history. It is considered to be the most peaceful era in the Song Dynasty and the most peaceful period for the people. It is comparable to the "Reign of Wenjing" of the Han Dynasty and the "Reign of Zhenguan" of the Tang Dynasty. It was during this period that the people recuperated and the commodity economy developed rapidly. In an environment where everything is renewed, the folk artists of Cizhou kiln reflected what they saw and heard in daily life on the porcelain making process as they pleased, creating the vitality and vitality of the time and winning the love of the majority of users. Cizhou kiln is the representative of folk kilns among the old kilns in China and the largest folk kiln system in the north. It is said that "Jingde is in the south and Pengcheng is in the north". Compared with the five major official kilns of the Song Dynasty, Cizhou kiln porcelains were mostly made for the daily life of the people, with a large output, and a large number of them have been passed down to this day. .
Cizhou kiln porcelain is most famous for its black patterns painted on white glaze, commonly known as "black flowers on white ground". As a representative of porcelain making technology and Central Plains culture and art, it once became a "popular color" of oriental ancient porcelain, which has great influence on Japan, Korea and other countries. The country's porcelain craftsmanship had an impact. In the splendid history of Chinese ceramics, the greatest contribution of the Cizhou Kiln is that it used a brush dipped in glaze to paint directly on the body, combining ceramic techniques with fine arts, creating a new era of ceramic art. "Cizhou pottery masters directly use a brush dipped in glaze to draw patterns on the carcass. There are various patterns, and the pictures are both simple and vivid. It can be said that these decorative techniques broke through the popular Ru, Guan, Jun, Ge, and Dingdian at that time. The limited color glaze used more than 70 decorative techniques, creating the glory of the porcelain industry in the Song Dynasty!
Third, discover the practical significance and influence of these two pieces of Yuanyou 2nd year porcelain in Xiangyang during the Northern Song Dynasty. How prosperous is it? Everyone only knows the story of Guo Jing and Huang Rong guarding Xiangyang City from the writings of Mr. Jin Yong. In fact, during the Jiayou period of the Northern Song Dynasty, Su Shi and his son passed through Xiangyang on their way to Bianliang. ) On April 8, Su Shi's mother Cheng died, and the father and son returned to Sichuan for funeral. In October of the fourth year (AD 1059), they left Sichuan and returned to Beijing. They sailed to Jingzhou on the fifth day of the first lunar month of the following year. Cross the Han River to Xiangyang, enter the Central Plains along the Xiangbian Ancient Road, pass through Dengzhou, Tangzhou, Yexian, Xiangcheng, Xuzhou, and Weishi, and arrive at Kaifeng, the capital on February 15th.
From there. They set off from Xiangyang and walked 11 miles west. After the father and son visited Xian Mountain, Su Xun and Su Che went to Xiangyang and Wanshan to visit the tomb of Wang Can, a famous writer in the Three Kingdoms period, to see Wang Canjing, Zhongxuan Tower, and Wanshan Pond. After coming down the mountain, Su Che enthusiastically drew on the ground with the hairpin and riding whip, telling Su Shi about the beautiful scenery on the mountain: "The mountains and rivers are so close and beautiful that it would be shameful to be lazy. Asking for peace and quiet, then painting the ground." ** Hairpin Chuo", so he wrote a poem "Wanshan".
Su Shi passed by Longzhong to visit Zhuge's former residence. He wrote the poem "Longzhong":
Zhuge came to the Western Kingdom. Thousands of years of love have not faded.
Visitors from Shu are very sad today.
Who said that there are thousands of masters in Xiangyang?
, the posture of the dragon is beautiful.
The dragon moves away from the deep pool.
The winding traces in the sky make me shed tears through Su Shi's poems. It can be seen that Xiangyang was a prosperous city at that time. Xiangyang was known as the thoroughfare of seven provinces, with ships from the south and horses from the north. The northern porcelain from Cizhou kiln was transported to Xiangyang in the second year of Yuanyou through Xiangbian Avenue or by water. The porcelain of Jinshi witnessed the prosperity of Xiangyang in the Northern Song Dynasty. Although Cizhou Kiln was a private kiln, it performed well in the auction market because of its rich atmosphere of life. For example, the Cizhou Kiln of Song Dynasty ranked 9th on the auction list with white ground and black flowers. Plum vase with painted branches and flowers
Estimate: HKD 300,000-400,000
Transaction price: HKD 2,000,000
Auction: Sotheby's Hong Kong June 2016 Auction Conference
Special session: Chinese art
Time: 2016-06-02
Size: 43.5cm
This product is beautiful and beautiful. Among the large Cizhou kiln vessels handed down from generation to generation, the contrast between white and black is striking and impressive. It is rare to find similar vessels with black patterns. They can only be found in a few world-renowned collections. However, their size and shape are very impressive. ; The decorations are different. Therefore, this plum vase is unique.
The battle against the epidemic is still ongoing, and we have gained infinite spiritual wealth from collection and research. Finally, I end this article with Meng Haoran's "Ascending Xian Mountain with the Scholars".
People and affairs are metabolized, and exchanges become ancient and modern.
The mountains and rivers have left traces of their beauty, and we will come here again.
The fish beam is shallow when the water falls, but the dream is deep when the weather is cold.
The inscription on the Yanggong stele is there, and I shed tears after reading it.
At home on Luming Island, Yuliang Prefecture, Xiangyang City on April 18, 2020