Original
Eight-array map
the Three Kingdoms, divided, have been bound by his greatness, the Eight-Sided Fortress is founded on his fame.
beside the changing river, it stands stony as his grief, that he never conquered the Kingdom of Wu.
Translation
Among the three kingdoms, Kong Ming has made the most outstanding contributions, and his creation of the Eight Diagrams Array is even more famous throughout the ages. Despite the impact of the river, the stone remains the same. The thousand-year-old regret lies in Liu Bei's blunder to swallow Wu.
Appreciation
"the Three Kingdoms, divided, have been bound by his greatness and the Eight-Sided Fortress is founded on his fame" praised Zhuge Liang's great achievements. The first sentence is written from the general aspect, saying that Zhuge Liang has made the most outstanding achievements in the process of establishing the situation that Wei Shuwu is divided into three parts. Of course, there are many factors for the coexistence of the three countries, and Zhuge Liang's assistance to Liu Bei in establishing the inheritance of Shu from scratch should be said to be one of the important reasons. Du Fu's highly generalized praise objectively reflects the historical truth of the Three Kingdoms period. The second sentence is written from a specific aspect, saying that Zhuge Liang's creation of the Eight Arrays map made him more famous. The ancients praised this point repeatedly. For example, the inscription in the Wuhou Temple in Chengdu wrote: "The unification of economy and management is not rewarded, and the layout is sincere and wonderful." "The river is in battle, and the picture is in the column, and there is a glow in the middle of the industry." Du Fu's poem praised Zhuge Liang's military achievements more intensively and concisely.
the first two poems are written in antithetical sentences, and the "three-divided country" and the "eight-array map" are ingenious and natural for their overall contribution to the military. Structurally, the first sentence is really mentioned and comes straight to the point; After the period, a poem was written to further praise the achievements, and at the same time, it paved the way for the following mourning relics.
"beside the changing river, it stands stony as his grief, that he never conquered the Kingdom of Wu." These two sentences express their feelings about the site of the "Eight Arrays Map". The site of "Eight Arrays Map" is located on Pingsha in front of Yong 'an Palace in southwest Kuizhou. According to "Jingzhou Picture Vice" and "Jia Hua Lu" by Liu Yuxi, the eight arrays here are piled with fine stones, which are five feet high and sixty yards around, arranged in sixty-four piles, and always remain the same. Even if they are submerged by the summer flood, everything will be lost in winter, but the stone piles of the eight arrays remain unchanged for 6 years. The previous sentence wrote the magical feature of the relic very succinctly. "Stone doesn't turn", using the poem "My heart is full of stones, so I can't turn" in The Book of Songs, National Style, Bai Zhou. In the author's view, this magical color is intrinsically related to Zhuge Liang's spiritual mind: he is unswerving and unshakable in his loyalty to the Shu-Han regime and the great cause of reunification. At the same time, the existence of this scattered and reunited eight-array stone www.sLkj.org heap, which has remained unchanged for many years, seems to be a symbol of Zhuge Liang's regret for his dying ambition. Therefore, the last sentence written by Du Fu is "that he never conquered the Kingdom of Wu", saying that Liu Bei's swallowing Wu was a mistake, which destroyed Zhuge Liang's fundamental strategy of resisting Cao Wu, so that the great cause of reunification died halfway and became an eternal regret.
Of course, this poem is not so much about Zhuge Liang's "resentment", but rather that Du Fu is sorry for Zhuge Liang, and in this regret, Du Fu's depressed feelings of "hurting himself and getting nowhere" (Huang Shengyu) are permeated.
this quatrain of nostalgia has the characteristics of integrating discussion into poetry. But this argument is not empty and abstract, but the language is vivid and lyrical. The poet integrates nostalgia and narration, which gives people a feeling of endless hatred and endless meaning.