Beautiful spring outing in Surabaya, the endless scenery is new.
If you wait for the spring breeze, it will always be spring.
[Notes]
1. Victory Day: A sunny day.
2. Looking for fragrance: spring outing, hiking.
3. Surabaya: The name of this river is in Shandong Province.
4. Leisure: normal and relaxed. The meaning of waiting for knowledge is easy to identify.
5. East wind: spring breeze.
[analysis]
It is generally believed that this is a poem describing a spring outing. Judging from the scenery written in the poem, it is also very similar. The first sentence is "winning the sun to find the fragrance of Surabaya", and "winning the sun" refers to sunny days, indicating the weather. "Surabaya" indicates the location. "Looking for fragrance" means looking for beautiful spring scenery and pointing out the theme. The following three sentences are what you saw when you wrote "Looking for Incense". The second sentence, "boundless scenery is new for a while", is about the initial impression gained by watching spring scenery. Use "boundless" to describe all the scenery in front of you. "A Moment of Novelty" not only describes the return of spring to the earth, the natural scenery is brand-new, but also describes the refreshing joy of the author during his outing. The word "knowledge" in the third sentence inherits the word "search" in the first sentence. "You can easily know" means that the features and features of spring are easy to recognize. "East wind" refers to spring. The fourth sentence, "colorful is always spring", means that this colorful scene is made up of spring, and people know spring from this colorful scene. This specifically answers why we can "wait for the east wind". The "colorful" in this sentence also takes care of the "new situation" in the second sentence. The third sentence and the fourth sentence describe the new situation and the gains from finding incense in vivid language.
Literally, this poem seems to express the feelings of visiting spring, but the place to look for fragrance is the Surabaya coast occupied by Jin people when they crossed the Song Dynasty a long time ago. Zhu has never been to the north, and of course it is impossible to swim to Surabaya in spring. In fact, the word "Surabaya" in the poem implies Confucius, because in the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius taught his disciples with string songs between Zhu and Si. Therefore, the so-called "seeking incense" refers to the way of seeking saints. "Colorful" is a metaphor for the richness of Confucianism. The poet compares the sage's way to the spring breeze, which promotes the occurrence of opportunities and touches everything. This is actually a philosophical poem by the richest man, which combines reason with interest in the image.
[Introduction by the author]
Zhu (1 130- 1200) was a philosopher in the Southern Song Dynasty. The character is black, and the words are black. It's called Huian, also called Ziyang. He is from Wuyuan, Huizhou (now Wuyuan, Jiangxi). He is a master of Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty and also wrote some good poems. He is good at visualizing philosophy and is famous for Spring Day and Reading Random Thoughts.
Appreciation of famous sentences-"Spring is always colorful."
The first sentence points out the season and place of travel, and the last three sentences write what you have seen and known about "Seeking Fragrance". When spring returns to the earth, the poet is full of energy. It is this fresh feeling that makes the poet understand the east wind. As if the east wind blew away colorful flowers overnight; And the scene of a hundred flowers blooming, isn't it a vibrant spring? The poet deepened from "seeking" to "knowing", and the word "new" dominated the whole poem. But Surabaya is in Shandong, and Confucius once gave lectures and preached on the shore of Surabaya; In the Southern Song Dynasty, this place had fallen into the hands of the State of Jin. Why did Zhu go for a spring outing? It turns out that this is a philosophical poem. "Surabaya" in the poem is a metaphor for Confucius, "seeking incense" is a metaphor for the sage's way, "Dongfeng" is a metaphor for enlightenment, and "Spring" is a metaphor for benevolence advocated by Confucius. If these meanings are written in philosophical lecture-style language, it will inevitably be boring. This poem, however, melts philosophy into vivid images, leaving no trace of reasoning. This is the genius of Zhu. Of course, if the reader ignores all those philosophies and only appreciates it as a poem about a spring outing, it is also the reader's right, and Zhu is helpless.
Poetically, this poem "Spring Day" is a poem about spring outing-the first sentence is "winning the day to find fragrance on the waterfront", in which "winning the day to find fragrance" reveals that the season is spring and the poet's activity is spring outing. Surabaya explains the location of the spring outing. The second sentence, "There will be boundless scenery for a while", describes the spring scenery, which is vast, indicating that the earth is full of spring and everything is reviving, giving people a brand-new feeling. The last two sentences were written by "seeking incense". "Wait a minute and you will know the east wind." The poet made a personalized description of the east wind, which means that once you feel the east wind blowing on your face, it will put a brand-new spring dress on the earth. "Everlasting Spring", with bright colors, vivid images and grand artistic conception, is a clever pen to describe spring. It has now become a well-known famous sentence and has been given a new meaning. This poem praises the prosperity of spring, full of vigor and vitality, and its style is strong and exciting. Literally, it can be regarded as a masterpiece of scenery and lyricism.
In fact, Zhu's purpose in writing this poem is not to praise spring and write about spring outing. But a profound truth from the perspective of Neo-Confucianism.
The "Surabaya" mentioned in the first sentence of the poem is in the central part of Shandong Province, where Confucius gave lectures and preached in the Spring and Autumn Period, and was buried here after his death. In the Southern Song Dynasty, the northern territory was occupied by Jin people, and Zhu never went north. It is naturally impossible to "find incense" in Surabaya. "Surabaya" here refers to Confucius and Confucianism; "Seeking incense" refers to exploring the way of saints. Looking for incense in Surabaya is to go to Confucius to find the truth, which is the theme of the poem. The last two sentences of the poem are intended to enlighten and guide people to realize that once the essence of Confucius' Confucianism is widely popularized and accepted by everyone and a new understanding is gained, they will realize the pleasure of "learning Taoism", thus bringing vigorous vitality and brand-new atmosphere to all aspects of society, making great changes and having far-reaching influence.
The whole poem adopts the technique of metaphor, discussing things with scenery and reasoning with things. It is not abstract reasoning, but has philosophical charm and interest, so this poem has both natural aesthetic interest and philosophical aesthetic height. As later generations commented on Zhu's poems, "Because he first put a lot of truth in his mind, and then he looked for the poet's words to set it off. Isn't this the same?" In other words, Zhu expressed his philosophy in real poetic language.