liu zongyuan
Autumn frost is heavy, and the valley begins in the morning.
Yellow leaves cover the creek bridge, and there are only ancient trees left in the abandoned village.
Cold flowers are sparse and lonely, and deep springs rest slightly.
This machine has been forgotten for a long time. What's the surprise of elk?
Nangu in Yongzhou rural area is the scene that the poet saw all the way through the deserted village to Nangu, which is closely related to the uniqueness of the late autumn scenery. Every sentence is full of scenery and feelings, interwoven into a picture of the South Valley at dawn in autumn.
The poet got up early in the morning and walked towards the deep valley in the south through the frost and dew. The first sentence points out the season, and the end is "autumn", that is, late autumn and heavy frost. Although it is a late autumn scenery, it also means morning, which is the title of "Autumn Dawn".
The poet came to the stream and set foot on the bridge, and yellow leaves were everywhere. This desolate mountain village is towering with ancient trees. The word "Gai" means that there are many trees here, and fallen leaves can cover the bridge; The word "Wei" shows that there is nothing left in decadence except ancient trees. Not only that, but even cold-tolerant mountain flowers grow sparsely in the south valley. The spring water flowing out of the deep mountain canyon is subtle and intermittent, as if it were almost exhausted. As the poet can see, everything in nature presents a barren scene. The four poems revolve around the word "barren" everywhere.
The poet was in a desolate and lonely place, which touched his inner loneliness and anger. At this moment, he saw a frightened elk suddenly galloping away from him. From this, he recalled what he said in the article "Zhuangzi Heaven and Earth": "Organic must be organic, and organic must have a heart." The poet borrowed this sentence, which means: I, Liu Zongyuan, have long been indifferent to the ups and downs of my career, and I am detached from things. The poet pretends to be broad-minded, which actually reflects his long-term poverty and helplessness.
In this article, I wrote more about still scenery: frost dew, valleys, yellow leaves, small bridges, abandoned villages, ancient trees, cold flowers and quiet springs. The scenery depicting desolation and loneliness reflects the poet's mood. The last sentence, the surprise of the elk, not only vividly presents the scene in front of us, but also has profound and implicit meaning, which is a vivid pen.
Although it is an ancient poem with five words, the two couplets in the middle are neat, such as "Yellow Leaves" versus "Abandoned Village", "Xiqiao" versus "Ancient Trees" and "Cold Flowers" versus "Youquan". It can be seen that this sentence pattern is influenced by metrical poems. The proper use of antithesis in ancient poetry is helpful to deepen images and enhance readers' association and imagination.