A glass of wine/home Wan Li, unhappy/hopeless. Qiang Guan Chang/frost is everywhere, people are sleepless, and generals have white hair/tears.
I. Sources
Qiu Si, The Fisherman's Pride by Fan Zhongyan in Song Dynasty
Second, explain
The border scenery in autumn is completely different, and the geese flying to Hengyang have no nostalgia. From all directions, the wailing of the border earth sounded with the horn, in the mountains. Twilight is heavy, the mountains are setting, and the gates of the isolated city are closed.
After drinking a cup of old wine, I miss my hometown thousands of miles away and have a lot of thoughts. I think of uneven borders, unfinished business, and I don't know when I can return to my hometown. The flute of Qiang people is melodious, and first frost is everywhere. It was late at night, and the soldiers couldn't sleep. The generals and soldiers were stained white by frost and snow, so they had to cry silently.
Third, the key points
1, the fisherman's pride: the name of the epigraph, 62 words with two sounds and one rhyme, four seven words and three sentences, each with a rhyme and a harmonious rhythm.
2. The scenery of Qiu Lai under the Gorge is different: under the Gorge, the land of frontier fortress, which refers to the northwest frontier. Different scenery means different scenery from Jiangnan area.
3, Hengyang geese go: the inverted sentence of "geese go to Hengyang" means that geese leave here and fly to Hengyang. According to legend, the wild goose flew south to Hengyang, Hunan.
4. Sidetone: refers to all kinds of sounds with boundary characteristics, such as gale, trumpet, Qiangdi, Ma Xiao and so on.
5. Horn: A musical instrument in the ancient army.
6. Qian Shan: Mountains are like barriers.
7. Long smoke: smoke in the desert.
8. Ran Yan is unhappy: this means that the border is uneven and the achievements have not been completed. Ran Yan: The name of the mountain is Hang 'ai Mountain in Mongolia today; Le: Carving stones to record merit.
9. Qiang tube: Qiang flute. An ancient musical instrument of the Qiang nationality in western China.
Extended data
works appreciation
"The scenery in Qiu Lai is different", in short, the author brought us to a special environment. The time is autumn, and the place is in the frontier fortress. What about the scenery? Not good, not bad, just a "different". Where is the "difference"?
"Hengyang Goose went without paying attention." Hengyang goose going to Hengyang is the inversion of goose going to Hengyang; According to the legend of the ancients, the wild goose flew north to the south and stopped in Hengyang. There is Yan Hui Peak in the south of Hengyang, which looks like a dancing goose. Qiu Lai is full of melancholy; The scenery became more and more different, so the geese had to fly away without nostalgia.
It says goose on the surface, but it actually says people. Even geese don't want to stay here, let alone people? However, the border soldiers are not migratory birds after all, but they stick to the frontier fortress.
The following three sentences are written after the "geese go".
"Voices from all directions start from the corner" and "edge sounds" refer to the sounds of bagpipes, A?vagho?a and Qiangdi in border areas. This is a voice, full of frontier fortress characteristics. However, Fan Zhongyan has a deeper meaning here, that is, "starting from the corner". The French horn is a musical instrument played in the ancient army.
"Ringing in all directions" means that when the army's horn blows, the voices in all directions rise. Here, the author takes the horn of the army as the main body to write, which drives all the voices in the border area. In other words, the border "geese went" and the border garrison did not go; Not only did they not go, but they also kept close contact with the people in the border areas with their horns.
This voice may be a little monotonous, even a little sad, but it is magnificent and full of power.
"A thousand miles away, a wisp of long smoke, an isolated city, the setting sun is off", which is the conclusion of Shangcheng, and highlights the stability and firmness of the frontier fortress. Qian Shan is about mountains, which are like giant screens. "Long smoke" is the fog formed by kitchen smoke and dusk.
In Sunset, the lonely city on the edge closes the gate in time. The "city" is lonely, but it doesn't seem so lonely when it is surrounded by "Qian Shan's boundless waters", "leisurely cooking smoke" and "sunset". It's solid, solid, ready to fight. However, whether the city is strong or not, it is more important to guard its garrison.
So at the bottom of the poem, the author pushes the border guards to the center of the picture, focusing on pen and ink to express thoughts and feelings.
"A cup of turbid restaurant Wan Li, I don't know." This sentence is the core of the whole word and its soul. While drinking muddy wine, the border guards are thinking about their relatives at home and everything in their hometown. This is not only reasonable, but also reasonable. The so-called rationality means that these soldiers are homesick at night. This is in line with the truth of life and convincing.
The so-called rationality is precisely because we love our hometown, so we love our motherland more. We will not fly away like geese, but stick to our posts. They not only insist, but also are not satisfied with persistence. They also look forward to fighting and attacking to win the battle. Because only in this way can the country be complete, the frontier fortress be consolidated and the border guards return to their lovely hometown.
Therefore, the next seven words "Yan Yan failed to run" have profound meanings.
"Yanran" refers to Yanran, which is today's Hang Ai Mountain. "Le" means engraved. "Ran Yan didn't go home empty-handed", which means that we can't consider going home until we have completed our great achievements in resisting the enemy. The word "plan" is very important. It means meditation and planning. It can be seen that the border guards are active and conscious when they don't go home.
If it is understood as a tactic, it is passive and helpless for the border guards not to go home. This understanding will do harm to the image of the border guards and the artistic conception of the whole word.
"Strong management and long frost all over the ground", connecting the preceding with the following, further emphasized the homesickness of border guards, thus writing out the feelings of all soldiers concerned about the country and the people.
"People are not sleepy, and the general has white hair and tears." Why can't people sleep? Why is the general still in service when he is already white-haired Why do young soldiers cry for their country? There is sadness here, but it's not important. What matters is worry, resentment, resentment.
They are worried about national security, complaining that no one in the imperial court reorganized military equipment, and even more resenting that the authorities did not have a correct policy, so that the border guards lived under the "blockade" for a long time, but they could not retreat to their homes and serenade their wives.